THE
NUMISMATIC CHRONICLE,
AND
JOURNAL OF THE NUMISMATIC SOCIETY,
/THE)
NUMISMATIC CHRONICLE,
'
/>(
( 1 0 U R N A L
OF THE
(NUMISMATIC SOCIETY^
EDITED BY
SIR JOHN EVANS, K.C.B., D.C.L., LL.D., Sc.D., F.R.S., V.P.S.A.,
CORRESPONDANT DK L'lNgTITUT DE FRANCE,
BARCLAY V. HEAD, D.C.L., PH.D.,
KEEPER OP COINS, BRITISH MUSEUM, MEMBER OP THE IMPERIAL, GERMAN
ARCHAEOLOGICAL INSTITUTE,
HERBERT A. GRUEBER, F.S.A.,
ASSISTANT-KEEPER OF COINS, BRITISH MUSEUM,
AND
EDWARD J. RAPSON, M.A., M.R.A.S.
THIRD SERIES.— VOL. XVIII.
Factum abiit— monumenta manent.— Ov. Fast.
LONDON :
BERNARD QUARITCH, 15, PICCADILLY.
( PARIS: MM. ROLLIX ET FEUARDENT, PLACE LOUVOIS, No. 4.
1898,
'i
LOU 1)ON :
|-niNTKI> »Y J. «• VIHTUE AND CO., UMITKD,
CITY ROAD.
CONTENTS.
ANCIENT NUMISMATICS.
Sur un Tetradrachme de Nabis. By Paul Perdrizet . . 1
Greek Coins acquired by the British Museum in 1897. By
Warwick Wroth, F.S.A 97
Posidium in Coele-Syria. By S. M. Alischan . . . 124
A Hoard of Eoman Coins. By Sir John Evans, K.C.B. . 126
The Legend IATON on Coins of Himera. By George Mac-
donald, M.A 185
Monnaies Grecques, Inedites et Incertaines. By J. P. Six . 193
Posidium in Syria. By G. F. Hill, M.A 246
A Small Find of Coins of Mende, &c. By Hermann Weber,
M.D. . 251
Ehegium-Iocastos. By J. P. Six . . . . . .281
Greek Coins in the Collection of Mr. Earle-Fox. By H. B.
Earle-Fox, Esq 286
The Picture of a Eoman Mint in the House of the Yettii.
By E. J; Seltman .294
Eoman Aurei from Pudukota, South India. By G. F. Hill,
M.A. 304
VI I RNT8.
MEDIEVAL AND MODERN NUMISMATICS.
Page
The Balcombe Find. By II. A. Grueber, F.S.A., and L. A,
Lawrence ......... 8
Tickets of Vauxhall Gardens. By Warwick Wroth, F.S.A. . 73
On Barnstapte as a Minting-place. By Prof. Arthur S. Napier
and Sir John Evans, K.C.B 274
ORIENTAL NUMISMATICS.
Coins of the Bahmani Dynasty. By 0. Codrington, M.D. . 259
NOTICES OF RECENT NUMISMATIC PUBLICATIONS.
Les Origines de la Monnaie considers au point de vue £cono-
mique et historique. Par E. Babelon .... 278
The Story of the British Coinage. By Gertrude Burford
Rawlings ......... 279
'loropta TUJV vo/ucr/iaTUrt'. By M. J. N. Svoronos . . . 280
Geschichte des Sicilischen Miinzwesens bis zur Zeit des
Augustus. Dr. A. Holm 321
CONTENTS.
Vll
MISCELLANEA.
Curiosities in the Imperial Persian Treasury .
Bibliographical Notes on Greek Numismatics
Page
93
326
Vlll PLATES.
LIST OF PLATES CONTAINED IN VOL. XVIII.
Plates
I.— V. Balcombe Fmd.
VI.— VIII. 'Tickets of Vauxhall Gardens.
IX. — XI. Acquisitions of the British Museum in 1897.
XII.— XIV. Roman Coins : A Hoard.
XV. Monnaies Grecques, Inedites et Incertaines,
XVI. Coins of Mende.
XVII., XVHI. Bahmani Coins.
XIX. Greek Coins (Earle-Fox Coll.).
PBOCEEDINGS OF THE NUMISMATIC
SOCIETY.
SESSION 1897—1898.
OCTOBER 21, 1897.
SIB JOHN EVANS, K.C.B., D.C.L., LL.D., Sc.D., Treas.R.S.,
V.P.S.A., F.G.S., President, in the Chair.
Richard Burn, Esq., and Dr. Berkeley Martin were elected
Members.
The following presents were announced and laid upon the
table :—
1. Aarboger for Nordisk Oldkyndighed og Historie. Heft.
3 and 4, 1896, and 1 and 2, 1897.
2. Memoires de la Societe royale des Antiquaires du Nord,
1896.
3. Revue Beige de Numismatique. Livr. 3 and 4, 1897.
4. Monatsblatt der numismatischen Gesellschaft in Wien.
June — September, 1897.
5. Archeologie de Paris. No. 5.
6. Bulletin de Numismatique. April — July, 1897.
7. Journal of the Institute of Bankers. Vol. xviii. Parts
VI. and VII.
a
X PROCEEDINGS OF THE
8. Proceedings of the Royal Irish Academy. Vol. iv. No.
293.
9. Revue Numismatique. Parts II. and III. 1897.
10. Journal of the Royal Society of Antiquaries of Ireland.
Vol. vii. Part II.
11. Bulletin historique de la Societe des Antiquaires de la
Morinie. Part CLXXXII.
12. Rivista Italiana di Numismatica. Fasc. 2. 1897.
13. Un denier frappe a Mayence par 1'empereur Lothaire I,
and Un Sceau de Burckhard. By the Vicomte B. de Jonghe.
From the Author.
14. Munzgeschichte Pommerns im Mittelalter, and Lo Zec-
chino di Porcia. By S. Ambrosoli. From the Author.
15. The Canadian Antiquarian. Vol. i. No. 1.
16. Catalogue of Coins purchased by the Panjab Govern-
ment. Parts III and IV. By C. J. Rodgers.
17. Smithsonian Report, 1895.
18. Catalogue of Greek Coins. Lycia, &e. By G. F. Hill.
From the Trustees of the British Museum.
19. Archaeologia Ariana. Vol. xix. Part II.
20. Bulletin de la Societe des Antiquaires de 1'Ouest. Part
I. 1897.
21. American Numismatic and Archaeological Society. Pro-
ceedings, 1897.
22. Revue Suisse de Numismatique. Vol. vii. 1897.
Part I.
23. La Gazette numismatique. October, 1897.
24. Japanese modern Numismatics. Presented by Sir W.
Marsh, K.C.M.G.
25. Journal of Hellenic Studies. Vol. xvii. Part I.
The President exhibited a copper medalet made from the
fittings of the S.S. Bearer, which was built for the Hudson's Bay
Co. in the Thames in 1835, and was the first steamship to cross
the Atlantic. The Beaver was wrecked in Vancouver Bay in
1892.
NUMISMATIC SOCIETY. i
Mr. L. A. Lawrence exhibited n series of rare coins of Stephen
and of his son Eustace ; and Dr. Codrington showed a speci-
men in copper of the new pri/e medal of the Royal Asiatic
Society, having a wreath with the Society's name on one side,
and, on th'e other, a view of a forest with the banyan tree in the
foreground.
Canon Greenwell communicated a paper on recent acquisi-
tions of electrum coins to his collection. Amongst these were
many fine and unpublished pieces of Cyzicus, Lampsacus, Phocaea
and Miletus, and others the locality of which could not be
definitely determined The paper is printed in vol. xvii., p. 253.
NOVEMBER 18, 1897.
SIR JOHN EVANS, K.C.B., President, in the Chair.
Leopold Grans, Esq., and J. Grafton Milne, Esq., were elected
Members.
The following presents were announced and laid upon the
table :—
1. Rivista Italiana di Numismatica. Fasc. 8. 1897.
2. Proceedings of the Society of Antiquaries of London. Vol.
xvi. Parts III and IV.
3. Un cinquieme d'Ecu de Philippe II. By the Vicomte B.
de Jonghe. From the Author.
4. Les monnaies frappees a Bois-le-Duc par les Archiducs,
Albert et Isabelle. From the same.
5. Catalogue of the Arabic Coins in the Khedivial Library at
Cairo. By Stanley Lane-Poole. From the Minister of Public
Instruction, Cairo.
4 PROCEEDINGS OP THE
The President exhibited a selection of eleven Roman imperial
gold coins (in a magnificent state of preservation) of Antoninus
Pius, Marcus Aurelius, and Faustina I and II, recently acquired
by him from a hoard lately found in Egypt,
The Rev. G. F. Crowther exhibited, on behalf of Mr. W.
Maish, a Durham penny of Edward III, on which the name of
Ireland is omitted from the inscription on the obverse ; the coin
is also peculiar in having the crozier to the left, and two pellets
on the right and one on the left of the crown ; rev. legend,
DVNOLM. Mr. Crowther also exhibited a York farthing of the
same king, reading EDWABDVS RBI, and examples of the Diamond
Jubilee medals in silver and bronze of the larger size, and in
silver of the smaller size.
Mr. F. Spicer exhibited a half-groat of David II of Scotland,
struck at Edinburgh, differing from all the specimens described
by Burns in having six arcs around the bust and a star on the
sceptre-handle. It is believed to belong to the last issue of
coins of David II.
Mr. L. A. Lawrence exhibited some interesting varieties of
the coins of William the Conqueror.
Mr. R. A. Hoblyn exhibited a circular disc of cast bronze,
apparently the lid of a box, on which were impressions from
the dies (probably executed by Croker) of two trial farthings of
Queen Anne, dated 1713, with the mottoes ANGLIC PALLADIVM
and LABGITOB PACIS.
Dr. B. V. Head gave an account (contributed by Mr. G. F.
Hill) of an interesting discovery of Roman and ancient British
coins and bronze objects at Honley, near Huddersfield, in 1894.
The Roman coins were denarii and bronze, ranging from circ.
B.C. 209 to A.D. 73. The British coins consisted of five new and
unpublished small silver pieces of the time of Venutius, King of
the Brigantes, and of his faithless Queen Cartimandua, who
conspired against him circ. A.D. 69, and, in conjunction with
her husband's armour-bearer, Vellocatus, succeeded for a short
time in depriving bim of his kingdom (Tacitus, ' Hist.,' iii. 15).
NUMISMATIC SOCIETY.
One of these remarkable coins, exhibited by Dr. Head, was
struck in the Queen's name, the first letters of which, CABTI., are
clearly legible upon it. (See vol. xvii., p. 298.)
DECEMBEK 16, 1897.
SIB JOHN EVANS, K.C.B., President, in the Chair.
F. A. Walters, Esq., was elected a Member.
The following presents were announced and laid upon the
table :— -
1. Bonner Jahrbiicher. Heft, 101.
2. Bulletin de la Societe des Antiquaires de 1'Ouest. 2m3
Trimestre, 1897.
3. Monatsblatt der numismatischen Gesellschaft in Wien.
Oct.— Dec., 1897.
4. Catalogue de la Bibliotheque de la Societe Suisse de
Numismatique.
5. Journal of the Eoyal Society of Antiquaries of Ireland.
Vol. vii. Part III.
6. Aarboger for Nordisk Oldkyndighed og Historic. Vol.
xii. Heft 3.
7. Bulletin de Numismatique. Aug. — Sept., 1897.
8. Madras Government Museum. — Administration Report,
1896-7.
9. Journal of the Institute of Bankers. Vol. xviii. Part IX.
10. Bulletins de 1'Academie royale de Belgique. Tomes xxs.-
xxxiii., with Annuaire of the same and Reglements, 1896-7.
The President exhibited twelve base gold staters of the
6 PROCEEDINGS OF THE
Brigantes and Parisi, ancient British tribes who occupied the
greater part of the country north of the Humber and Mersey
and south of the Tyne. The coins bore inscriptions which
have not yet been satisfactorily explained.
Dr. B. V. Head exhibited a silver wine-taster stamped with
three hall-marks, apparently French, and of the sixteenth or
seventeenth century. The bottom of the cup consisted of a
silver-gilt medal struck shortly before 1585 in commemoration
of the Swiss confederation, and bearing figures of Tell, Stouff-
acher, and Erni, taking the oath of independence.
Mr. L. A. Lawrence communicated a paper on the mint at
Barnstaple during the Anglo-Saxon and Early English periods.
Having assigned to this place a penny of Henry I reading OTEB
ON BEBD[E]STA, Mr. Lawrence urged that all the coins from
.JEthelred II to William I and II, with the readings BAB, BARD,
BEABDAN, BEABDAs, BEBDEST, &c., which have hitherto been
attributed by Hildebrand and others to Bardney in Lincolnshire,
should be transferred to Barnstaple. (See vol. xvii., p. 302.)
In the discussion which followed, Sir J. Evans and Mr.
Grueber, while accepting the attribution of the coin of Henry I
to Barnstaple, were opposed to the transfer to that mint of the
other pieces hitherto assigned to Bardney.
JANUABY 20, 1898.
SIB JOHN EVANS, K.C.B., President, in the Chair.
Philip Nelson, Esq., M.B., G. H. Pedler, Esq., L.R.C.P., and
James Young, Esq., were elected Members.
The following presents were announced and laid upon the
table :—
NUMISMATIC SOCIETY. I
1. Vjesnik Hrvatskoga Arheologkoga Drustva. 1896-7.
2. Petit G-ros a l']£cu aux quatre Lions frappe a Waert. By
the Vicomte B. de Jonghe. From the Author.
3. Kivista Italiana di Numismatica. Fasc. 4, 1897.
4. Kevue Numismatique. 4me- Trimestre, 1897.
5. Eevue Beige de Numismatique. lre- Liv. 1898.
6. Bulletin de Numismatique. Dec., 1897.
7. Journal of the Koyal Society of Antiquaries of Ireland.
Vol. vii. Part IV.
8. Journal of the Institute of Bankers. Vol. xix. Part I.
9. Monatsblatt der Numismatischen Gesellschaft in Wien.
No. 174.
10. Irish Gold Ornaments, by W. Frazer. From the Author.
Mr. W. T. Ready exhibited a hecte of Cyzicus, the authen-
ticity of which was doubted by Dr. Head, chiefly on account
of its type, a standing military figure of Roman style.
Mr. L. A. Lawrence exhibited a Durham penny of Edward III
(heavy standard) with mint-mark crozier, which he attributed
to Bishop de Bury.
Mr. A. Prevost exhibited a medal of Francis Le Fort, born
1656, died 1699, commander-in-chief of the 1st Bodyguard of
the Czar Peter the Great, general and admiral of his troops, and
of the fleet, president of all his councils, viceroy of Novgorod,
and ambassador and plenipotentiary at all the courts of
Europe.
Mr. W. C. Boyd exhibited and presented to the Society some
silver forgeries of Roman, Anglo-Saxon, and English coins.
The President made some remarks on the coins hitherto at-
tributed to Bardney, in Lincolnshire, which, at the last meeting
of the Society, Mr. L. A. Lawrence proposed to transfer to
Barnstaple. After a more careful consideration of the history
of the two places, Sir John Evans was now inclined to accept
the attribution to Barnstaple, chiefly on the ground that the
monastery of Bardney, from which that place derived its im-
portance, was destroyed by the Danes in A.D. 870, and not
O PROCEEDINGS OF THE
restored before the reign of William the Conqueror, whereas
the coins in dispute belong to the intermediate period during
which Bardney, near Lincoln, must have been a very insignifi-
cant place as compared with Barnstaple in Devonshire. (See
vol. xviii., p. 275.)
Mr. L. A. Lawrence read a paper on a number of Anglo-
Saxon coins attributed to the Thetford mint, and bearing the
names of moneyers identical with those who undoubtedly struck
at Thetford. On the coins in question the name of the town
appears as PIODFOR (Wiodfor). The writer suggested that all
such coins should be transferred to the town or village of
Widford, probably the place of that name in Hertfordshire, to
which locality the moneyers in question may have been tempo-
rarily transferred from Thetford.
A discussion followed, in the course of which the President
and Mr. A. J. Evans contended that the letter p was not in this
case intended for the Saxon P, but for the Saxon p, which may
have gradually supplanted the D as the initial letter of
Thetford.
If this were so, Mr. Lawrence argued, it would be the only
known instance of the occurrence on Anglo-Saxon coins of the
letter p standing for D.
FEBRUARY 17, 1898.
SIR JOHN EVANS, K.C.B., President, in the Chair.
H.R.H. The Prince of Naples, Prof. Luigi Adriano Milani,
of Florence, Dr. H. Dressel, of Berlin, and M. J. A. Blanchet,
of Paris, were elected Honorary Members of the Society.
Arthur Alex. Banes, Esq., Frank Sherman Benson, Esq., and
the Rev. Alfred Watson Hands were elected Ordinary Members.
NUMISMATIC SOCIETY.
The following presents were announced and laid upon the
table :—
1. Die Deutschen Miinzen. Bd. III. By H. Dannenberg.
From the Author.
2. Bulletin de la Societe des Antiquaires de 1'Ouest. 3me-
Trimestre, 1897.
3. Journal of the Institute of Bankers. Vol. xix. Part II.
4. Bulletin de la Societe des Antiquaires de la Morinie.
183me- livr.
5. Proceedings of the Royal Irish Academy. Vol. iv. No. 4.
6. Monatsblatt der numismatischen Gresellschaft in Wien.
No. 175.
The President exhibited a remarkably fine series of nobles
of Edward III from his collection, in illustration of the paper on
the Balcombe find which was before the meeting ; and Mr.
W. T. Ready showed a half-crown of Charles I with the Bristol
reverse, but having on the obverse the plumes of Shrewsbury,
and under the horse the rose of Exeter.
Mr. Grueber communicated the first portion of a joint paper
by himself and Mr. L. A. Lawrence on a recent find of coins at
Balcombe, in Sussex. The hoard consisted of pennies of
Edward I and II ; nobles, groats, half-groats, pennies, and
half-pennies of Edward III ; and groats, half-groats, pennies,
and halfpennies of Richard II, with a few Scottish pennies and
foreign deniers esterlings. There were in all 12 gold and 742
silver coins. The hoard was specially rich in the groats and half-
groats of Edward III, struck between A.D. 1351 and 1360 ; and
the numerous varieties admitted of their being divided into
several classes in some chronological sequence. In this respect
it was the largest hoard that had been discovered in recent
times. Amongst the nobles there were several unpublished
varieties. The paper is printed in vol. xviii., p. 8.
10 PROCEEDINGS OF THE
MARCH 17, 1898.
SIR JOHN EVANS, K.C.B., President, in the Chair.
Charles Wilson Hill, Esq., was elected a Member of the
Society.
The following presents were announced and laid upon the
table :—
1. The American Journal of Archaeology. Ser. II. Vol. i.
Nos. 1 and 2.
2. Journal of the Institute of Bankers. Vol. xix. Part III.
3. Bulletin historique de la Societe des Antiquaires de la
Morinie. Livr. 184.
4. La Gazette Numisrnatique. No. 6.
5. Bulletin de Numisrnatique. Jan., 1898.
6. The Canadian Antiquarian. Ser. III. No. 2.
7. Kongl. Vitterhets Historie och Antiquitets Akademiens
Manadsblad. 1894.
8. How to keep our Gold. By A. Del Mar. From the
Author.
Mr. M. Perry exhibited a variety of the Bristol penny of
Edward VI, reading E. vi,
Mr. W. E. Marsh exhibited a shilling of Charles I (Hawkins,
type 1 b, m.m. negro's head) ; reverse, square shield, plumed,
over cross fleury, showing three limbs ; the peculiarity consist-
ing in the combination (unknown to Hawkins) of the cross with
the plumed shield.
Mr. W. T. Beady exhibited a pied-fort of a halfpenny of
Edward I and a Bristol shilling of Charles I struck in 1646.
Mr. A. Prevost exhibited specimens of the Japanese gold
coins of 1874, consisting of pieces of 10, 5, 2, and 1 yen, and
pieces of 20, 10, and 5 yen struck in October, 1897 ; the 20-
yen piece of 1897 weighing the same as the 10-yen piece of
1874, and the 10-yen piece the same as the 5-yen piece, &c.
NUMISMATIC SOCIETY. 11
this being due to the fact that the price of silver in 1874 was
more than double what it is at the present time.
Mr. L. A. Lawrence showed two coins of Edgar with busts re-
sembling those of the previous kings, but hitherto unknown on
Edgar's coins ; also a coin of Henry I, similar to Hawkins 257,
but with ALFGAR ON LVN., a new mint for this very rare
type.
Dr. B. V. Head read a communication from Prof. A. S. Napier
" On Barnstaple as a Minting Place," in which he pointed out
that in the Crawford collection of early charters (Oxford,
1895) there is an endorsement (A.D. 1018), in which mention is
made of the " burh-witan " at " Beardastapol," which proves
the existence of Barnstaple as a borough at that date, and there-
fore as a likely place for a mint, whereas Beardan-ig (Bardney,
near Lincoln) was unknown, except as the site of a monastery.
He had called attention to this fact hi a note. (See vol. xviii.,
p. 274.)
Mr. L. A. Lawrence read the second portion of a paper on
the recent find of coins at Balcombe, in Sussex, in which he
dealt chiefly with the classification of the small coins of
Edward I, II, and III. The evidence of the Balcombe find
showed that the attribution of the coins bearing abbreviated
forms of the name Edward exclusively to Edwards I and II
must now be abandoned, as it is certain that the first issues
of Edward III also have the king's name abbreviated.
APRIL 21, 1898.
SIR JOHN EVANS, K.C.B., President, in the Chair.
Frederick W. Madden, Esq., was elected an Honorary
Member of the Society, and W. Clinton Baker, Esq., J.P.,
L. Forrer, Esq., and J. Mewburn Levien, Esq., were elected
Ordinary Members.
12
PROCEEDINGS OF THE
The following presents were announced and laid upon the
table :—
1. Un "Millaris" au seul nom de Michael III, Empereur
de 1'Orient. By the Vicomte B. De Jonghe. From the
Author.
2. Revue Beige de Numismatique. Part. II, 1898.
3. Archaeologia Aeliana. Vol. xix. Part III.
4. Bulletin de Numismatique. Feb. -March, 1898.
5. Journal of the Institute of Bankers. Vol. xix. Part IV.
6. Rivista Italiana di Numisrnatica. Fasc. I. 1898.
7. Journal of Hellenic Studies. Vol. xvii. Part. II.
8. Revue Numismatique No. 1. 1898.
9. La Gazette Numismatique. No. 7.
10. Appendix to Batty's Copper Coinage of Great Britain.
11. Monatsblatt der Numismatischen Gesellschaft in Wien.
No. 176.
The President gave a detailed account of a large hoard of
Roman Imperial silver coins recently found. It consisted of
8,169 pieces, denarii and argentei antoniniani, covering a period
of about one hundred and sixty years from Nero to Severus
Alexander. The later coins were in fine condition, especially
the antoniniani, which, though rarely found in England, were
present in considerable number. The writer drew attention to
several varieties of types hitherto not known, and to some
which were unpublished. The paper will be found in vol. xviii.,
p. 126.
MAY 19, 1898.
SIR JOHN EVANS, K.C.B., President, in the Chair.
W. Sharp Ogden, Esq., was elected a Member of the
Society.
The following presents were announced and laid upon the
table :—
NUMISMATIC SOCIETY. .13
1. Numismatische Zeitschrift. Vol. xxix.
2. Bulletin historique de la Societe des Antiquaires de la
Morinie. Part 185.
3. Monatsblatt der Numismatischen Gesellschaft in Wien.
No. 177.
4. American Journal of Archaeology. Vol. i. No. 8.
5. Transactions of the Royal Irish Academy. Vol. xxi.
Parts I.-V.
6. Foreningen til Norske Fortidsmindesmerkers Bevaring,
Aarsberetning, 1896,
7. Un Projet de Medailles sur 1'Union des royaumes d'Angle-
terre et d'Ecosse, 1707. By A. Cahorn. From the Author.
8. Kunst og Haandverk fra Norges Fortid. Vol. ii. Part II,
9. Proceedings of the Society of Antiquaries of Scotland.
Vol. xxxi.
10. Journal of the Institute of Bankers. Vol. xix. Part V.
11. Medal in bronze of the Numismatic and Antiquarian
Society of Montreal commemorating its 26th Anniversary.
From the Society.
Mr. Frank Latchmore exhibited, through the President, draw-
ings of two British gold coins, staters, found at Shefford, near
Hitchin. They were similar in type to pieces figured in Evans,
" British Coins," pi. B. 7 and pi. K. 12, by whom they have
been ascribed to the southern part of Britain.
Mr. L. A. Lawrence exhibited a half- groat of Charles I,
struck at the Tower Mint, having the king's bust, wearing a ruff
and mantle, on the obverse, and a crowned rose on the reverse,
a type hitherto unknown.
Mr. F. A. Walters exhibited a penny of the light coinage of
Henry VI, struck in London, and with mint-mark a cross.
Only one other specimen of this coin is known.
Mr. W. T. Ready exhibited an extremely rare, if not unique,
drachm of Syracuse of the fine period, with the facing head of
Arethusa by Kimon on the obverse, and Leucaspis in fighting
attitude on the reverse; and Mr. C. E. Mackerel a " large
14 PROCEEDINGS OF THE
brass " or sestertius of Elagabalus, on which the emperor's
bust is shown with a horn-shaped object above the head ; a
symbol, as the President suggested, of the worship of Mithras.
Lord Grantley read a paper on some unique Anglo-Saxon
coins in his collection, amongst which was one bearing the
name of Berhtwulf, king of Mercia, and his bust on the
obverse ; and that of ^Ethelwulf, king of Wessex, with a cross
pattee over another cross pattee, on the reverse. This did
not mean a position of dependence of Mercia in relation to
Wessex, but rather a joint rule between the two kings.
In a discussion which followed it was suggested that the coin
may have marked the restoration to Mercia of the right of
coinage, of which it had been deprived by Ecgberht when he
conquered that State in 828, and for a while drove out Wiglaf.
Lord Grantley also described a fragment of a coin of Ecg-
berht on which he was styled king of the Mercians, and which
was struck by Redmund, a moneyer of Wiglaf. This coin was
issued in London in the year 828.
Mr. L. A. Lawrence gave a short account of a half-noble of
the third coinage of Edward III, A.D. 1846, which he had
recently purchased, and of which, hitherto, only one specimen
(now in the British Museum) had been known. This coin was
connected by similarity of type, by the shapes of the letters,
and by weight with the noble of the same issue.
JUNE 16, 1898.
ANNUAL GENERAL MEETING.
SIB JOHN EVANS, K.C.B., D.C.L., LL.D., Sc.D., Treas.R.S.,
V.P.S.A., F.G.S., President, in the Chair.
The Minutes of the last Annual General Meeting were read
and confirmed.
NUMISMATIC SOCIETY. 15
The Report of the Council was then read to the Society as
follows : —
GENTLEMEN, — The Council again have the honour to lay
before you their Annual Report as to the state of the Numis-
matic Society.
With great regret they have to announce the death of the
following two Ordinary Members : —
J. Mortimer Hunt, Esq.
W. Hylton Dyer Longstafie. Esq.
And of one Honorary Member : —
Dr. Alfred Von Sallet.
Also the resignation of the following eight Ordinary Members :
J. H. Andre, Esq.
G. Deakin, Esq.
E. H. Evans, Esq.
Col. Acton C. Havelock.
Fred. W. Madden, Esq.
Gen. G. G. Pearse.
Stanley Lane-Poole, Esq.
H. G. Tunmer, Esq.
On the other hand, the Council have much pleasure in
^recording the election of the following sixteen Ordinary
Members : —
W. Clinton Baker, Esq.
Arther Alex. Banes, Esq.
Frank S. Benson, Esq.
Richard Burn, Esq.
L. Forrer, Esq.
Leopold Gans, Esq.
16 PROCEEDINGS OF THE
Rev. A. W. Hands.
Charles Wilson Hill, Esq.
J. Mewburn Levien, Esq.
Berkeley Martin, Esq., M.D.
J. G. Milne, Esq.
Philip Nelson, Esq , M.B.
W. Sharp Ogden, Esq.
G. H. Pedler, Esq., L.R.C.P.
F. A. Walters, Esq.
James Young, Esq.
And of the following five Honorary Members : —
H.R.H. the Prince of Naples.
M. J. A. Blanchet.
Dr. H. Dressel.
Fred. W. Madden, Esq.
Prof. Luigi Adriano Milani.
According to the Report of the Hon. Secretaries the numbers
of the Members are as follows : —
Ordinary. Honorary. Total.
June, 1897 263 19 282
Since elected
Deceased ....
279
.... 2
24
1
303
3
Resigned
8
8
June, 1898 ...... 269 23 292
NUMISMATIC SOCIETY. 17
The Council have further to announce that they have
unanimously awarded the Medal of the Society to the Kev.
Canon William Greenwell, D.C.L., F.R.S., for his distinguished
services to Greek numismatics, especially in connection with
the coinages of Cyzicus and Lampsacus.
The Treasurer's Report, which follows, was submitted to the
Meeting and adopted.
Statement of Receipts and Disbursements of the
Dr. THE NUMISMATIC SOCIETY OF LONDON IN
To
£ s. d
Messrs. Virtue & Co., for printing " Chronicles" : —
Part I, 1897 . . . . 36 7
Part II, ,, . . . . 36 16
1. £
6
3
s.
d.
Part III, „ .... 38 2
Part IV, ,, . 50 4
3
o
Part I., 1898 . . . . 45 3
0
206
13
o
V
The Autotype Company, for Plates . . . 32 4
0
... 23 5
0
„ „ „ 50 19
6
» » j> ... 13 16
0
120
4.
g
»>
The Royal Asiatic Society, one year's rent due June 24, 1898
. 30
0
0
„
Mrs, Harper, for Attendance, Tea, Coffee, &c.
11
7
5
»
Messrs. H. Bowyer, for Bookbinding ....
8
3
0
9
o
»>
Messrs. Spink, for Priced Catalogues of Montagu Sales .
0
6
0
,,
Messrs. Hachette, for ' ' Dictionnaire des Antiquites "
0
7
6
»
Messrs. Walker & Boutall, for Photographing Coins
0
15
0
H
Messrs. Hatton & Son, for Printing Receipt Books .
0
10
0
V
Mr. B. Quaritch, for " Batty's Coins" and Catalogue .
2
19
0
1
j>
Mr. Pinches, for Engraving Silver Medal
0
'
4
6
Fire Insurance
l 'i
Secretaries, for Postages ....
5
1 0
Q
?)
Treasurer, for Postages, Receipts, Cheque Book, &c., &c.
7
12
6
»
Collector (Mr. A. W. Hunt), for Commission and Postages
7
6
10
By Balance in hand ....
. 181
15
11
£589
3
2
Examined with the Vouchers, compared as to additions, and found correct,
A. PREVOST )
Uth June, 1898. L. A. LAWRENCE I Auditors.
Numismatic Society, from June, 1897, to June, 1898.
ACCOUNT WITH ALFRED EVELYN COPP, TREASURER. Cr.
£ s. d.
By Balance from last Statement 232 16 7
„ Entrance Fees 17 17 0
,, Compositions . . . . . . . . . 15 15 0
,, Subscriptions 239 8 0
,, Received for " Chronicles," viz. —
Mr. B. Quaritch £55 9 3
Mr. Thos. Bliss 0 14 0
, 56 3 3
,, Col. Tobin Bush, for Foreign Postages .... 020
,, August Dividend on £700 London and North -
Western Railway Stock (less 9s. 4d. tax) . 13 10 8
„ February ditto ditto ditto . . . 13 10 8
27 1 4
£589 3 2
ALFRED E. COPP,
HONOEAEY TREASURER.
14^A June, 1898.
20 PROCEEDINGS OF THE
After the Report of the Council had been read, the President
presented the Society's Medal to Mr. Grueber, to forward to
Canon Greenwell, who was unable to attend the Meeting, and
addressed him as follows : —
Mr. Grueber, —
It is with very great pleasure that I present to you, on behalf
of Canon Greenwell, the Medal of the Numismatic Society,
which has been awarded to him in recognition of his distin-
guished services to Greek numismatics, especially in connection
with the coinages of Cyzicus and Lampsacus. For the last
thirty-five years he has been a member of our Society, and his
first communication to us on the subject of Greek coins dates
so far back as 1880. At that time his collection already
furnished a considerable number of rare and beautiful coins, to
excite the admiration of the Society, and among them was
an extremely rare coin of Cyzicus, which may lay claim to being
the first coin on which a human portrait may properly be said
to occur. Since that time the pages of the Numismatic Chronicle
have been enriched by many papers proceeding from his pen,
relating in the main to Archaic Greek coins, whether of the
Islands of the Aegean Sea, or early coins found in Egypt, or to
other rare or unpublished Greek coins. But after all, Canon
Greeuwell's epoch-making paper on the electrurn coinage of
Cyzicus, published in 1887, followed as it has been by supple-
mentary notices of new acquisitions belonging to the same
series and that of Lampsacus, constitutes in no small degree his
claim to our grateful recognition. It would be almost out of
place here to dilate upon his important services to other branches
of archaeology than that of numismatics ; but his long-continued
researches among British barrows, and his liberality in present-
ing to the nation the results of those researches ought not to be
passed over in silence. Six weeks have not as yet elapsed
since I had the honour, on behalf of numerous friends and
admirers, of presenting him with his portrait, as a testimonial
NUMISMATIC SOCIETY. 21
to the estimation in which he is held, not only as an archaeo-
logist, but as an honoured occupant of various posts of public
utility. May the medal which I now hand to you, to forward to
him, be the means of assuring him of the value which his brother
numismatists place upon his labours in illustrating the earliest
periods of the Greek coinage, and also act as an inducement
still further to continue those labours.
Mr. Grueber, having expressed to the meeting Canon Green-
well's great regret at being unable to receive the medal in
person, then read the following reply from him : —
To the President and Members of the Numismatic Society.
Mr. President and Gentlemen, —
The honour you have conferred upon me is one which I regard
with high estimation, and I beg leave to accept the Medal of
the Society, with the fullest recognition of the distinction it
bestows.
That I have been thought worthy to receive it on account of
what I have done in aiding the progress of that valuable branch
of Archaeological Science, which it is our object to promote, is a
reward sufficient in itself to repay any labour I have bestowed
upon it, which has in truth been a labour of love.
You, Sir, have identified my work principally in connection
with the history of the Electrum Coinage of Cyzicus, and have
specially referred to the very remarkable coin, which bears
upon it what, as you remark, can scarcely be any other than a
portrait. It is, indeed, in a great measure due to my acquiring
that rare and interesting coin that my attention was specially
drawn to the largely extended and valuable series of the staters
of the important commercial State of Cyzicus, an accident for
which I owe many thanks to, if I may so express it, Chance.
There are other series of almost equal importance still await-
ing systematic investigation, and being put on record. Were my
years less than they are, I would gladly enter upon the necessary
labour which would require to be expended upon illustrating
22 PROCEEDINGS OF THE
the extensive coinages of Lampsacus and Abdera, but I must
leave that to others.
I trust that the pleasure I have had in collecting the coins them-
selves, and in bringing before the Society, in the " Electrum
Coinage of Cyzicus," the results of my collecting, may induce
others of our Members to do the same for the coins of the two
States I have just referred to. If my example is followed in
that respect, the gratification I heartily feel at your recognition
of what I have done for Cyzicus, and in a less degree for other
coinages, will be still further enhanced.
The President then delivered the following address : —
It is now my duty to say a few words to this Meeting by
way of Annual Address, and I am glad to think that the
Society is still in a prosperous condition both as to numbers
and finances. So far as relates to our Ordinary Members, they
have during the past year, notwithstanding numerous resigna-
tions, increased by six, our number being 269 at the present
date, as against 263 at the corresponding time last year. We
have also added 4 to our List of Honorary Members, which now
stands at 23.
Our Treasurer's account shows that our finances are in a
healthy condition, for though there is a diminution of about
£50 in the Balance in hand, there have been five payments to
the printers instead of four, as usual ; and the number of Plates
executed by the Autotype Company has been larger than in
former years, their account amounting to more than £120.
Our medal has this year been awarded by the Council to a
well-known numismatist, Canon Greenwell, and I am sure that
the Society at large will heartily concur in the award of this
well-deserved honour. Before proceeding to a review of what
the Society has accomplished since the last Annual Meeting, I
must say a few words about some of those members whom we
have lost by death.
Dr. Alfred von Sallot, the Director of the Royal Cabinet
NUMISMATIC SOCIETY. 23
of medals at Berlin, had since 1873 been one of our Honorary
Members, and it was only at this time last year that our
medal, which had been awarded to him by the Council, in
recognition of the important and long-continued services that
he had rendered to numismatics, was received by Mr. Head
on his behalf. In presenting it I recited some of his contribu-
tions to our knowledge of the coinage of the Tauric Chersonesus,
Sarmatia, Dacia, Thrace, and other countries of European
Greece, but I little thought that his fruitful labours were destined
so soon to be brought to a close.
He was the son of the poet Frederick von Sallet, and the
last scion of an ancient Lithuanian family, and was born at
Reichau, in Silesia, in the year 1842. From an early age he
was a collector of coins, and in 1869 he was admitted to the
Berlin cabinet as an assistant to Dr. Julius Friedlamder, whom
he succeeded as Director in 1884. His history of the coinage
of the Kings of the Cimmerian Bosporus and of Pontus was
published in 1869, and in 1879 he launched the Zeitschrift Jur
Numismatik, towards the success of which he for many years
devoted a vast amount of energy. It would be a needless task
to recite even the titles of the numerous essays that he con-
tributed to that periodical, all of them characterised by origin-
ality and thoroughness. He also contributed largely to those
Catalogues for which the Berlin Museum has gained a
deservedly high reputation. He was, moreover, a man of highly
cultivated taste, appreciating all that was beautiful in art,
whether belonging to ancient times, the Renaissance, or the
present day. He died on November 25th, 1897, at the early
age of 55, leaving a gap which it will be difficult to fill.
Mr. W. Hylton Dyer Longstaffe, of Gateshead, who died on
February 4th, 1898, had been a member of this Society since
1863. A solicitor by profession, he took a great interest in all
documentary history, especially in that relating to the Counties
of Northumberland and Durham, and for many years he was
one of the Secretaries of the Society of Antiquaries of Newcastle-
24 PROCEEDINGS OF THE
on-Tyne. His communications to that and other Northern
Antiquarian Societies, as well as to the Royal Archaeological
Institute, were numerous and valuable, but we are here more
immediately concerned with his numismatic labours. These
originated in his undertaking to form for his own purposes a
cabinet of coins issued from the Mint of Durham, and his
examination of these coins, and of the documentary evidence
relating to them, led him to publish in the Numismatic Chronicle
for 1865 his suggestive paper entitled, "Northern Evidence on
the Short-cross Question." In my own attempt to solve this
question in 1865, 1 was largely indebted to this paper, and came
to much the same general conclusions as did Mr. Longstafie —
conclusions as to the continuous issue of these coins from the
year 1180 under Henry II, through the reigns of Richard I
and John, until well into the reign of Henry III, when, in 1247,
the short cross was superseded by the long. I venture to
think that the results at which we then arrived now meet with
almost universal acceptance. Mr. Longstafie also wrote on the
distinctions between the pennies of Henry IV, V, and VI, and
on the question whether the Kings between Edward III and
Henry VI coined money at York on their own account. He
also wrote on the Reading penny of Edward, which he assigned
to the third King of that name since the Conquest, and on the
remarkable groat of Richard with an arched crown, resembling
that on the groats of Henry VII, which he attributed to Perkin
Warbeck under his assumed name of Richard IV. These two
last-named papers were published in 1889, since which time
failing health prevented him from following up his numismatic
studies. His great critical acumen and his power of bringing
documentary evidence to bear on material monuments are fully
demonstrated by the papers that I have cited, and we can only
now lament that such discriminative powers were not also
brought to bear upon some of the other difficult numismatic
problems which still remain unsolved.
Although Mr. William Allen, of Sunnyside, Dorking, was not,
NUMISMATIC SOCIETY. 25
at the time of his decease in October last, a member of the
Society, I venture to say a few words of one who deserved so
well of numismatics. He joined the Society in January, 1861,
and retired from it in 1874, having in 1866 communicated a
short paper on a Find of Coins of Allectus at Old Ford, Bow.
He was a diligent collector both of coins and antiquities, and
for many years devoted much attention to obtaining specimens
of the mintage of the numerous towns in which coins were
struck in Saxon times. He had also an extensive collection of
Romano-British coins. He was a man of great shrewdness, but
also of a most liberal disposition, as I can personally testify,
inasmuch as at the time when I was engaged on my " Coins of
the Ancient Britons," he most kindly ceded to me the specimens
in his collection. He was a respected member of the Society
of Friends, and attained to the ripe age of 89 years.
The late Mr. William Forster, of Carlisle, comes under much
the same category as Mr. William Allen, as he became a
member of the Society in 1862, and retired in 1868, just thirty
years ago. His remarkably choice collection of English gold
coins was sold in London in May of that year, and comprised
among other rare pieces the florin of Edward III, which is now
in my cabinet. Besides the gold coins, he possessed a considerable
number of Anglo-Saxon silver coins, and some choice Roman
and other antiquities. Though a collector of great taste and
judgment, he did not make any communications to our Chronicle.
Of late years he was much engaged in various philanthropic
institutions at Carlisle, and succumbed in February last to an
attack of influenza, having already reached his 91st year.
I must now say a few words as to the principal subjects
which during the past year have been brought under the notice
of the Society, either at its meetings or in the pages of the
Numismatic Chronicle.
So far as relates to Greek numismatics, we have no reason to
complain of scarcity of mental food. Canon Greenwell, whose
merits as a numismatist we have just recognised by the bestowal
(I
26 PROCEEDINGS OF - THE
of our medal, has favoured us with a valuable essay on some rare
Greek coins which form a part of his magnificent collection. The
greater part of the coins described are of electrum, and struck
at Cyzicus, Lampsacus, and Miletus, and among them are
several of great artistic beauty and extreme rarity. A Cyzi-
cene, with the head of Demeter or Kore, and a stater of Lamp-
sacus, with that of Hermes — are of especial beauty. The types
on the beetle are more difficult to interpret than those on the
staters, and in some cases the eye of faith has to be called in.
Many of the silver coins described and figured by Canon Green-
well are of high merit and interest, such as the octadrachm of
Alexander I of Macedon, and those of the Bisaltae and Orrescii.
Some coins of Leontini and Gyrene are also beautiful examples of
numismatic art. As the coins described form but a small part
of the author's collection, we may form some faint idea only of
its magnificence as a whole.
Dr. J. P. Six, of Amsterdam, has communicated to us another
of his valuable papers on unedited and uncertain Greek coins.
Among those now discussed are some coins of Sardes, a number
of those of Side, some of Golgoi in Cyprus, of Antiochus III,
of Eupator, of some of the Median Kings, and of Cyrene under
King Magas. It is essentially a paper of details, and, like all
that comes from the pen of Dr. Six, full of interesting and
suggestive matter. From its nature, however, I can, on the
present occasion, do no more than call attention to the value of
the paper, and for want of time must abstain from discussing
the numerous questions that are raised by its distinguished
author.
Mr. G. F. Hill has taken up the somewhat difficult subject
of Solon's reform of the Attic Standard, which has already been
to some extent discussed in the pages of our Chronicle by Dr.
J. P. Six. The passage relating to the question which occurs
in the 'ABrpaltJv HoXirtta is sufficiently obscure, but it seems
to indicate an addition of three-sevenths to the weight of the
Pheidonian mina. Taking the Pheidonian mina at 602 grammes,
NUMISMATIC SOCIETY. 27
this would make the Solonian equal to 860 grammes, which
closely agrees with the actual weight of the ancient standards
found in the Acropolis of Athens, and cited by Dr. Six, the
average of which gives a mina of about 870 grammes. Or if
we take the Pheidonian as 611 grammes, we arrive, by adding
three-sevenths, at the weight of 873 grammes for the Solonian
mina, or 8'73 grammes = 134f Troy grains for the drachm.
As to the trade weights, Mr. Hill comes to the conclusion that
they were just 5 per cent, in excess of the coin weights.
M. Paul Perdrizet, the well-known explorer of Delphi, has
communicated to us an interesting essay on a tetradrachm of
Nabis, the Lacedaemonian king, of which an example obtained
from the Montagu sale by the British Museum has been de-
scribed by Mr. Wroth,1 as was mentioned in my address of last
year. M. Perdrizet points out that in the Spartan dialect the
Z was frequently replaced by a mere aspirate, so that the
legend BAIAEOZ NABIOZ instead of leading to doubt as
to the authenticity of the coin, rather confirms it. Curiously
enough Mr. Wolters has observed in the Museum at Sparta
a title stamped with nearly the same legend, BAAEOZ
NABIOZ. It appears, therefore, that Nabis assumed the
title of Basileus, but that, in accordance with the local dialect,
the title was written in these abnormal forms.
A very remarkable discovery of ancient British coins, made
near Huddersfield in 1893, has formed the subject of another
interesting paper by Mr. Hill. The deposit had lain within
the hollow bone of an ox, and comprised, in addition to the
British coins, a series of Roman denarii from consular times to
the reign of Nero, and a few sestertii and dupondii of Nero and
Vespasian. In addition there was a small bronze box and a
fibula and rings of late Celtic patterns. The British coins were
five in number, all of silver, and having the word VOL I SI OS
and remains of a laureate bust on the obverse. On four the
i
1 .V. C.t 3rd S., vol. xvii., 107.
28 PROCEEDINGS OF THE
legend on the reverse, accompanying an extremely rude horse,
appears to be DVMN OVE or variations of such a form.
On the fifth the word CARTI occurs, accompanied by [O]VE.
Mr. Hill suggests that we have here a specimen of the coinage
of Cartimandua, or, as formerly read in Tacitus, Cartismandua,
the wife of Venutius, and subsequently, during his lifetime, of
his armour-bearer Vellocatus. As Cartimandua was queen of
the Brigantes, this discovery tends to prove that the coins
reading VOLISIOS on the obverse belong to that tribe, and
that I was wrong in thinking that they might have been struck
by the Parisi. The presence of the coins of Vespasian shows
that the hoard was deposited after A.D. 74, and now that silver
coins of this character have at length been found, it is to be
hoped that further discoveries may throw more light on the
obscure history of the Brigantes and their rulers.
Roman coins have on more than one occasion been brought
under our notice. The longest of the notices of them was a
paper by myself, giving a detailed account of a hoard of over
3,000 denarii, the issue of which had extended over a period of at
least a hundred and sixty years, from Nero to Severus Alexander.
An interesting feature is the presence of an unusual number of
the large argentei Antoniniani. Several Emperors, Empresses,
and Csesars whose coins are rare are represented in the hoard,
and there are some scarce and even unpublished reverses. The
question whether the so-called horn on the head of Elagabalus,
which occurs on some of his coins in all metals, may not be
intended to represent a modification of a Mithraic head-dress
is worthy of consideration. On a specimen in the hoard, the
object on the field of the reverse, which by some has been
termed a horn, has all the appearance of being a Phrygian
head-dress.
Mr. Hasluck has given us a supplemental note on a further
instalment of the hoard found near Cambridge, the greater
part of which was described last year by Mr. Boyd. The
range of denarii in this hoard is not so great as in that
NUMISMATIC SOCIETY. 29
which I described, and the coins come down to a rather later
period, being of much the same constitution as those in the
Brickendonbury hoard of 1895.
So far as the Anglo-Saxon coinage is concerned, we have
had some important communications. Lord Grantley has called
our attention to a very remarkable penny, bearing on the one
face the head and name of Berhtulf, and on the other that of
vEthelwulf of Wessex, with a device formed of two crosses
pattees superimposed the one on the other. The coin is unique
and hitherto unknown, and if it was struck under Berhtulf,
either as claiming equal authority with his over-lord, or even
greater, as having his own image as well as superscription, it is
of high interest. Another remarkable coin that Lord Grantley
described is of Ecgberht, as king of the Mercians, struck by
Redruund, who was a rnoneyer of Wiglaf.
Another important paper relating to this coinage is by Mr.
L. A. Lawrence, on the mint of Barnstaple. In it he shows
that the coins of Aethelrel II, Cnut, Harold I, and Edward the
Confessor, attributed by Hildebrand to Bardney, must in future
be assigned to Barnstaple. There can, I think, be no doubt that
the coins of the two last-named monarchs, on which the name
of the mint is given as BEARDAS or BERDEST, cannot
be assigned to Bardney, while a coin of Henry I reading
BERD(E)STA can hardly be placed to any other town than
Beardan-stapol or Barnstaple. Singularly enough, Professor
A. S. Napier and Mr. W. H. Stevenson, in a Part of the Anec-
dota Oxoniensia, published in 1895, pointed out the misattribu-
tion of these coins to Bardney, and the former has kindly
supplied a note upon the subject to the Chronicle. He has
pointed out that Bardney is unknown except as the site of a
monastery. In a further note, I have attempted to show that
it is impossible for these coins to have been struck at Bardney,
inasmuch as during the whole period of their issue the monas-
tery at that place was in ruins, and was not restored until after
the Norman Conquest.
30 PROCEEDINGS OF THE
The proposed transference from Thetford to Widford of certain
coins of the Confessor, I regret that I cannot accept.
Mr. Frank Latchmore has given us a notice of some pennies
of Burgred, which were found among the roots of a tree near
Hitchin, and also of some sceatlas and coins of Offa and Alfred
found in Bedfordshire and Hertfordshire.
One of the most wide-reaching papers upon English numis-
matics which have of late years appeared, is that by Mr.
Grueber and Mr. Lawrence on the Balcombe find. The hoard
in question, which was found in north-west Sussex, consisted of
12 gold coins of Edward III, 729 silver coins of the three first
Edwards, and 13 Scottish pennies and foreign sterlings.
Among the gold coins was a noble of 1346, belonging to the
third coinage of Edward III, and a piece of considerable
rarity ; but the principal interest of the hoard lies in the large
and varied series of the silver coins of that monarch that it
presents. Of groats and half-groats there are 321 examples,
and of pennies and half-pennies 290. Of the former class no
less than 70 varieties are described, and of the latter, 100.
There is, of course, no difficulty in assigning the groats and
half-groats to Edward III, but the authors, following to a great
extent the guidance of the contemporaneous gold coins, have
been able to divide them into five classes. About ninety per
cent, of the whole number of groats belong to the period from
1351 to 1860. Reason is shown for regarding what have by
many been regarded as pattern-groats of Edward I, as being,
in reality, of the time of Edward III, and belonging to the same
class as the pennies reading 6CDW. E6CX, &c., probably struck
at the beginning of his reign. So long ago as 187 1,2 my son,
Mr. Arthur J. Evans, claimed for Edward III certain of the
pennies reading GCDW and other varieties usually attributed to
Edward I and II, and the further researches of Mr. Grueber
and Mr. Lawrence go far to prove that he was right in making
2 X. C'., N. S., vol. xi., 264.
NUMISMATIC SOCIETY. 31
this claim. Reading the two papers together, it will be seen
that considerable modification is necessary in the common
attribution of these pennies by means of the obverse legends
alone, and though possibly future discoveries may show
that in some minor details corrections may be necessary, yet
that on the whole a satisfactory basis may be found for a classi-
fication of these coins, even if, in the case of three successive kings
bearing the same name, the change in the coinage did not
always synchronize with the change upon the throne.
Mr. Willoughby Gardner has described a short-cross penny of
the type usually attributed to King John, with the legend WILL6CL
ON LGCII on the reverse, which he attributes to the mint of
Leicester. I must, however, confess that I should prefer to
assign it to Lynn, where pennies of the same type were struck
by a moneyer of the same name, of which examples are said to
have been present in the Eccles3 find. The name of Lynn is
usually given as LGCN.
Turning to more recent times, we find Dr. Parkes Weber
supplementing his former description of Medals of Centenarians
by citing four more, most of which are of considerable interest.
Two are of Frenchmen, the one of Bovier de Fontenelle, who,
like Chevreul, was a member of the Academy, of both of whom
Dr. Weber had already published medals. Another is of Baillot,
the last French survivor of the Battle of Waterloo, who was
discharged from the army on account of his being affected by
phthisis in 1816, but who survived until 1896, when he died at
the age of 103.
Both Dr. Frazer and Dr. Parkes Weber have called our
attention to some medals by the Irish engraver, Mossop, in
addition to those already described by the former in the
Chronicle. He seems to have been an artist of considerable
distinction.
The graceful medalets struck as admission-tickets to Vauxhall
3 N. C., N. S., v., pp. 233, 269.
32 PROCEEDINGS OF THE
Gardens, chiefly in the course of the last century, have formed
the subject of an interesting essay by Mr. Warwick Wroth.
Some of these pieces, which seem to have served as season-
tickets, appear to have been designed by Hogarth, and the dies
for others were engraved by the medallist, Richard Yeo. The
names of the holders of the tickets are often engraved upon
them, and among these frequenters of the Gardens we find
Handel the composer, whose statue, by Roubillac, at one time
adorned the place, Hogarth, and Trusler, the moralizer of
Hogarth's works.
Oriental numismatics have not been neglected, although we
have not received any papers of very high importance in that
department during the past year. General Pearse has communi-
cated to us a curious and unpublished pewter medal of Coorg in
Southern India ; and Mr. Samuel Smith, jun., a silver coin of
En Nasir Imam of San'a struck at Damar. For a somewhat
longer notice of rare coins in the Imperial Persian Treasury we
are indebted to General Houtum-Schindler. These coins are,
however, for the most part of modern date.
The attendance at our meetings has been very satisfactory,
and the numerous exhibitions of rare coins and medals have
added much interest to our proceedings. There is, as a rule,
much more to be learnt from the actual inspection of a specimen
than from any description or illustration however accurate and
minute. The records of these exhibitions, preserved in our
printed Proceedings, give an additional value to the Numismatic
Chronicle.
The Diamond Jubilee of Her Most Gracious Majesty's
auspicious reign has been commemorated by the issue of
numerous medals in all metals not only from the Royal Mint,
but by various private firms. Of many of these we have had
specimens exhibited ; but I must leave it for posterity to judge
whether in the medallic art the close of the Nineteenth century
can claim pre-eminence over that of the Fifteenth, Sixteenth, or
Seventeenth centuries, or even over that of the Eighteenth.
NUMISMATIC SOCIETY. 33
I may mention that Her Majesty has been graciously pleased
to confer one of her Jubilee Medals on your President.
With regard to numismatic publications, I may observe that
the Annuaire de Numismatique has now ceased to appear, having
been amalgamated with its elder sister, the Revue Numismatique.
On the other hand, a new periodical has been started, under the
auspices of M. Svoronos, at Athens, the Journal International
d'Archeologie Numismatique, to which we wish all success.
Some other recent numismatic publications have already been
noticed in the pages of the Chronicle.
I may take this opportunity of calling attention to an
exhaustive and valuable treatise on Sicilian numismatics, which
forms a supplement to the third and last volume of Holm's
Geschichte Sicilians im Alterthum. It extends over fully two
hundred closely-printed pages, and is illustrated by eight finely
executed autotype plates. I have reason to hope that a more
detailed account of this important work will shortly be commu-
nicated to the Society in the pages of the Numismatic Chronicle.41
We have now well begun the seventh decade of our existence
as a Society, and the undiminished interest that is taken in
numismatic studies is shown not only by the prosperity of this
Society, but by the great advance that has been made both in
the character of our national collections and in the manner in
which they are made available to the public. The high prices,
especially of Greek coins, that continue to be realised at public
sales are also symptomatic of the interest in these beautiful
works of art being fully sustained. We, on our part, are doing
what we can to make the most of the historic and scientific
facts which coins illustrate, as well as of their artistic merit, and
I venture once more to congratulate the Society on its per-
formance of these self-imposed duties, and on the position that
it still holds among kindred institutions in all parts of the
world.
4 See p. 321.
34 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NUMISMATIC SOCIETY.
A vote of thanks to the President for his Address having been
moved by Lord Grantley and seconded by Mr. Jonathan Rash-
leigh, the meeting proceeded to ballot for the Council and
Officers for the ensuing year, when the following were elected : —
President.
SIR JOHN EVANS, K.C.B., D.C.L., LL.D., Sc.D.,
F.R.S., V.P.S.A., F.G.S.
Vice- Presidents .
LORD GRANTLEY, F.S.A.
BARCLAY VINCENT HEAD, ESQ., D.C.L., PH.D.
Hon. Treasurer.
ALFRED E. COPP, ESQ.
Hon. Secretaries.
HERBERT A. GRUEBER, ESQ., F.S.A.
EDWARD J. BAPSON, ESQ., M.A., M.R.A.S.
Foreign Secretary.
WARWICK WROTH, ESQ., F.S.A.
Librarian.
OLIVER CODRINGTON, ESQ., M.D., F.S.A, MR.A.S.
Members of the Council.
W. J. ANDREW, ESQ.
THOMAS BLISS, ESQ.
REV. G. F. CROWTHER, M.A.
ARTHUR J. EVANS, ESQ., M.A., F.S.A.
GEORGE FRANCIS HILL, ESQ., M.A.
RICHARD A. HOBLYN, ESQ., F.S.A.
SIR HENRY H. HOWORTH, K.C.I.E., M.P., F.R.S.,
V.P.S.A.
E. C. KRUMBHOLZ, ESQ.
L. A. LAWRENCE, ESQ.
HERMANN WEBER, ESQ., M.D.
LIST OF MEMBERS
OF THE
NUMISMATIC SOCIETY
OF LONDON.
DECEMBEE, 1898.
LIST OF MEMBEES
OF T.IB
NUMISMATIC SOCIETY
OF LONDON,
DECEMBEE, 1893.
An Asterisk prefixed to a name indicates that the Member has compounded
for his annual contribution.
1873 *ALEXJ5iEFF, M. GEOIIGE DE, Chambellan de S.M. PEmpereur de
Russie, Ekaterinoslaw (par Moscou), llussie Meridionale.
1892 AMEDROZ, HENRY F., ESQ., 7, New Square, Lincoln's Inn, W.C.
1882 ANDREW, W. J., ESQ., Cadster House, near Whaley Bridge,
Derbyshire.
1884 ANDREWS, E. THORNTON, ESQ., 25, Castle Street, Hertford.
1888 ARNOLD, G. M., ESQ., D.L., F.S.A., Milton Hall, Gravesend,
Kent.
1882 BACKHOUSE, J. E., ESQ., The Eookery, Middleton Tyas, Eich-
mond, Yorks.
1881 BAGNALL-OAKELEY, MRS., Newland, Coleford, Gloucester-
shire.
1892 BAKER, F. BRAYNE, ESQ., The College, Malvern.
1898 BAKER, WM. CLINTON, ESQ., J.P., Bayfordbury, Herts.
1898 BANES, ARTHUR ALEXANDER, ESQ., The Eed House, Upton,
Essex.
1887 BASCOM, G. J., ESQ., 109, Lexington Avenue, New York,
U.S.A.
1896 BEARMAN, THOS.,, ESQ., Melbourne House, 8, Tudor Eoad,
Hackney.
1898 BENSON, FRANK S., ESQ., 214, Columbia Heights, Brooklyn,
N.Y., U.S. America.
4 LIST OF MEMBERS,
ELECTED
1880 *BIEBER, G. W. EGMONT, ESQ., 4, Fenchurch Avenue, E.G.
1883 BIGGE, FRANCIS E., ESQ., Hennapyn, Torquay.
1882 BIRD, W. S., ESQ., 74, New Oxford Street, W.C.
1885 BLACKETT, JOHN STEPHENS, ESQ., C.E.,.Inverard, Aberfoyle,
N.B.
1882 BLACKMORE, H. P., ESQ., M.D., Blackmore Museum, Salis-
bury.
1896 BLEASBY, GEO. BARNARD, ESQ., The Prairie, Lahore, India.
1882 *BLISS, THOMAS, ESQ., Montpelier Eoad, Baling, W.
1879 BLUNDELL, J. H., ESQ., 157, Cheapside, E.G.
1896 BOULTON, S. B., ESQ., J.P., Copped Hall, Totteridge,
"Whetstone, Herts.
1897 BOWCHER, FRANK, ESQ., 77, Brecknock Eoad, N.
1892 BOYD, WILLIAM C., ESQ., 7, Friday Street, E.G.
1877 BROWN, G. D., ESQ., Garfield House, Whitstable-on-Sea.
1885 BROWN, JOSEPH, ESQ., C.B.,Q.C., 54, Avenue Eoad, Eegent's
Park, N.W.
1896 BRUDN, M. L. E., 101, Gothersgade, Copenhagen.
1878 BUCHAN, J. S., ESQ., 17, Barrack Street, Dundee.
1889 BUCKLEY, LADY, Plas, Dinas-Mawddwy, Merioneth, Wales.
1884 BUICK, DAVID, ESQ., LL.D., Sandy Bay, Larne Harbour,
Ireland.
1881 BULL, EEV. HERBERT A., Wellington House, Westgate-on-
Sea.
1897 BURN, EICHARD, ESQ., Allahabad, India.
1881 BURSTAL, EDWARD K., ESQ., M.Inst.C.E., 38, Parliament
Street, Westminster.
1858 BUSH, COLONEL J. TOBIN, 41, Rue de 1'Orangerie, le Havre,
France.
1878 *BUTTERY, W., ESQ. (address not known).
1886 CALDECOTT, J. B., ESQ., Wakefield, Hertford.
1873 CARFRAE, ROBERT, ESQ., F.S.A.Scot., 77, George Street, Edin-
burgh.
1894 CARLYON-BRITTON, CAPT. P. W. P., E.S.A., Bitton House,
Bycullan Avenue, Enfield.
1898 CARNEGIE, MAJOR D. LINDSAY, 6, Playfair Terrace, St.
Andrews, N.B.
LIST OF MEMBERS. O
ELECTED
1869 CAVE, LAURENCE TRENT, ESQ., 13, Lowndes Square, S.W.
1886 CHURCHILL, Wm. S., ESQ., 102, Birch Lane, Manchester.
1884 *CLARK, JOSEPH, ESQ., 29, West Chislehurst Park, Eltham,
Kent.
1890 CLARKE, CAPT. J. E. PLOMER, Welton Place, near Daventiy,
Northamptonshire.
1891 *CLALTSON, ALBERT CHARLES, ESQ., 12, Park Place Villas,
Maida Hill West, W.
1890 CLERK, MAJOR-GEN. M. G., Bengal Army, c/o Messrs. H. S.
King & Co., 45, Pall Mall, S.W.
1886 CODRINGTON, OLIVER, ESQ., M.D., F.S.A., M.E.A.S., 12,
Victoria Eoad, Clapham Common, Librarian.
1895 COOPER, JOHN, ESQ., Beckfoot, Longsight, Manchester.
1877 *Copp, ALFRED E., ESQ., Dampiet Lodge, 103, Worple Eoad,
West Wimbledon, and 36, Essex Street, Strand, W.C.,
Hon. Treasurer.
1889 COTTON, PERCY H. GORDON, ESQ., 29, Cornwall Gardens, S.W.
1874 CREEKE, MAJOR ANTHONY BUCK, Westwood, Burnley.
1886 *CROMPTON-EOBERTS, CHAS. M., ESQ., 16, Beigrave Square,
S.W.
1882 CROWTHER, EEV. G. F., M.A., 2, Grenfell Eoad, Netting
Hill, W.
1875 CUMING, H. SYER, ESQ., F.S.A.Scot., 63, Kenningtou Park Road,
S.E.
1884 DAMES, M. LONGWORTH, ESQ., C.S., M.E.A.S., c/o Messrs.
H. S. King & Co., 45, Pall Mall, S.W.
1891 DAUGLISH, A. W., ESQ., 33, Colville Square, W.
1878 DAVIDSON, J. L. STRACHAN, ESQ., M.A., Balliol College,
Oxford.
1884 DAVIS, WALTER, ESQ., 23, Suffolk Street, Birmingham.
1898 DAVIS, WILLIAM JOHN, ESQ., The Lindens, Trafalgar Eoad,
Moseley, Birmingham.
1888 DAWSON, G. J. CROSBIE, ESQ., M.Inst.C.E., F.G.S., F.S.S.,
May Place, Newcastle, Staffordshire.
1897 DAY, ROBERT, ESQ., F.S.A., M.E.I.A., Myrtle Hill House,
Cork.
1890 DEICHMANN, HERR CARL THEODOR, Cologne, Germany.
O LIST OF MEMBERS.
ELECTED
1886 *DEWICK, REV. E. S., M.A., F.S.A., 26, Oxford Square, Hyde
Park, W.
1888 DICKINSON, REV. F. BINLEY, M.A., Manor House, Ottery St.
Mary.
1889 DIMSDALE, JOHN, ESQ., Longwood, Eastbourne.
1886 DORHAN, JOHN WM., ESQ., B.A., C.E., Demerara Railway,
Manager's Office, Georgetown, Demerara.
1868 DOUGLAS, CAPTAIN R. J. H., Junior United Service Club,
Charles Street, St. James's, S.W.
1861 DKYDEN, SIR HENRY, BART., Canon's Ashby, Byfield, North-
ampton.
1893 DUDMAN, JOHN, ESQ., JTJN., Rosslyn HiU, Hampstead, N.W.
1893 ELLIOTT, E. A. ESQ., 41, Holland Park, W.
1893 ELLIS, LIEUT. -CoL. H. LESLIE, Yeomanry House, Bucking-
ham.
1895 ELY, TALFOURD, ESQ., M.A., F.S.A., 73, Parliament HiU
Road, Hampstead, N.W.
1888 ENGEL, M. ARTHUR, 66, Rue de 1'Assomption, Paris.
1879 ERHARDT, H., ESQ., 9, Bond Court, Walbrook, E.C.
1872 EVANS, ARTHUR J., ESQ., M.A., F.S.A., Ashmolean Museum,
Oxford.
1849 EVANS, SIR JOHN, K.C.B., D.C.L., LL.D., F.R.S., F.S.A.,
Corr. de 1'Inst., Nash Mills, Hemel Hempstead, President.
1892 *EVANS, LADY, Nash Mills, Hemel Hempstead.
1861 EVANS, SEBASTIAN, ESQ., LL.D., 15, Waterloo Crescent, Dover.
1886 FAY, DUDLEY B., ESQ., 53, State Street, Boston, Mass.,
U.S.A.
1898 FORRER, L., ESQ., Edelweiss, Chislehurst, Kent.
1894 *FOSTER, JOHN ARMSTRONG, ESQ., F.Z.S., "Chestwood,"
near Barnstaple.
1891 Fox, H. B. EARLE, ESQ., 42, Rue Jouffroy, Paris.
1868 FRENTZEL, RUDOLPH, ESQ., 96, Upper Osbaldiston Road, Stoke
Newington, N.
1882 *FKESIIFIELD, EDWIN, ESQ., LL.D., F.S.A., New Bank
Buildings, 31, Old Jewry, E.U.
LIST OF MEMBERS. 7
1896 *FRY, CLAUDE BASIL, ESQ., 32, Lansdowne Eoad, Netting
Hill, W.
1897 GANS, LEOPOLD, ESQ., 126, Market Street, Chicago, U.S.A.
1871 GARDNER, PROF. PERCY, LittJX, F.S.A., 12, Canterbury Eoad,
Oxford.
1889 GARSIDE, HENRY, ESQ., Burnley Eoad, Accrington.
1894 GOODACRE, H., ESQ., 21, Portsea Place, W.
1883 GOODMAN, T. W., ESQ., Clifton Lodge, 155, Haverstock Hill,
N.W.
1885 GOSSET, MAJOR-GEN. MATTHEW W. E., C.B., Island Bridge
House, Phoenix Park, Dublin.
1891 *GRANTLEY, LORD, F.S.A., Belgrave Mansions, Grosvenor
Gardens, S.W., Vice- President.
1865 GREENWELL, REV. CANON W., M.A., F.E.S., F.S.A., Durham.
1894 GRISSELL, HARTWELL D., ESQ., M.A., F.S.A., 60, High
Street, Oxford.
1871 GRUEBER, HERBERT A., ESQ., F.S.A., Assistant-Keeper of
Coins, British Museum, Hon. Secretary.
1898 HANDS, EEV. ALFRED W., 21, Lansdowne Crescent, Chelten-
ham.
1893 HANKIN, A. W., ESQ., Hatfield, Herts.
1896 HAVERFIELD, F. J., ESQ., M.A., F.S.A., Christ- Church,
Oxford.
1864 HEAD, BARCLAY VINCENT, ESQ., D.C.L., Ph.D., Keeper of
Coins, British Museum, Vice-President.
1886 *HSNDERSON, JAMES STEWART, ESQ., F.E.G.S., M.E.S.L.,
M.C.P., 7, Hampstead Hill Gardens, N.W.
1892 HEWITT, EICHARD, ESQ., 28, Westbourne Gardens, W.
1880 HEYWOOD, NATHAN, ESQ., 3, Mount Street, Manchester.
1893 HILBERS, THEVEN. G. 0., St. Thomas's Eectory, Haverford-
west.
1898 HILL, CHARLES WILSON, ESQ., Bendower, Kenil worth.
1893 HILL, GEORGE FRANCIS, ESQ., M.A., British Museum.
1873 HOBLYN, EICHARD A., ESQ., F.S.A., 30, Abbey Eoad, St.
John's Wood, N.W.
1898 HOCKING, WILLIAM JOHN, ESQ., 1, Eoyal Mint, E.
8 LIST OF MEMBERS.
ELECTED
1895 HODGE, EDWARD G., ESQ., F.S.A., 13, Wellington Street,
Strand, W.C.
1895 HODGE, THOMAS, ESQ., 13, Wellington Street, Strand, W.C.
1889 HODGES, GEORGE, ESQ., Thornbury, Gloucestershire.
1877 HODGKIN,T., ESQ., D.C.L., F.S.A., Benwelldene, Newcastle.
1878 HOWORTH, SIR HENRY H., K.C.I.E, M.P., F.E.S., F.S.A.,
M.E.A.S., 30, Collingham Place, Earl's Court, S.W.
1883 HUBBARD, WALTER K., ESQ., 9, Broomhill Avenue, Partick,
Glasgow.
1885 HUGEL, BARON F. VON, 4, Holford Eoad, Hampstead, N.W.
1897 HUTH, EEGINALD, ESQ., 32, Phillimore Gardens, Ken-
sington, W.
1892 INDERWICK, F. A., ESQ., Q.C., F.S.A., 8, Warwick Square,
S.W.
1883 *IONIDES,CONSTANTTNE ALEXANDER, ESQ., 23, Second Avenue,
West Brighton.
1872 JAMES, J. HENRY, ESQ., Kingswood, Watford.
1879 *JEX-BLAKE, THE VERY EEV. T. W., D.D., F.S.A., Deanery,
Wells.
1880 JOHNSTON, J. M. C., ESQ., The Yews, Grove Park, Camber-
well, S.E.
1898 JONAS, MAURICE, ESQ., 9, Bedford Square, W.C.
1843 JONES, JAMES COVE, ESQ., F.S.A., Loxley, Wellesbourne, War-
wick.
1873 KAY, HENRY CA.SSELS, ESQ., 11, Durham Villas, Kensington,
W.
1873 KEARY, CHARLES FRANCIS, ESQ., M.A., F.S.A., Savile Club,
Piccadilly, W.
1874 *KENYON, K. LLOYD, ESQ., M.A., Pradoe, WestFelton, Salop.
1884 KING, L. WHITE, ESQ., C.S.I., Deputy Commissioner, Kohat,
Pan jab, India.
1891 KIRKALDY, JAMES, ESQ., 68, East India Eoad, E,
1876 KITCHENER, MAJOR GENERAL LORD, OF KHARTOUM, G.C.B.,
K.C.M.G., c/o Messrs. Cox & Co., Charing Cross, S.W.
1884 *KiTT, THOS. W., ESQ., Snowdon, Woodbridge Eoad, Guildford.
1879 KRUMBHOLZ, E. C., ESQ., Alcester House, Wallington, Surrey.
LIST OF MEMBERS. 9
ELECTED
1883 *LAGERBERG, M. ADAM MAGNUS EMANUEL, Chamberlain of
H.M. the King of Sweden and Norway, Director of the
Numismatic Department, Museum, Gottenburg, and
E8da, Sweden.
1864 *LAMBEKT, GEORGE, Esq., F.S.A., 10, Coventry Street, W.
1888 *LAMBROS, M. J. P., Athens, Greece.
1871 *LANG, SIR ROBERT HAMILTON, The Grove, Dedham, Essex.
1881 LATCHMORE, F., ESQ., High Street, Hitchin.
1898 LATER, PHILIP G., ESQ., M.E.C.S., Head Street, Colchester.
1877 LAWRENCE, F. G.,EsQ., Birchfield, Mulgrave Eoad, Sutton,
Surrey.
1897 LAWRENCE, H. W., ESQ., 37, Belsize Avenue, N.W.
1885 *LAWRENCE, L. A., ESQ., 37, Belsize Avenue, N.W.
1883 *LAWRENCE, EICHARDHOE, ESQ., 31, Broad Street, New York.
1871 *LAWSON, ALFRED J., ESQ., Smyrna.
1898 LEVIEN, J. MEWBURN, ESQ., 19, Duke Street, Manchester
Square, W.
1892 LEWIS, PROF. BuNNELL,M.A.,F.S.A., Queen's College, Cork.
1862 LINCOLN, FREDERICK W., ESQ., 69, New Oxford Street, W.C.
1863 LONGSTAFFE, W. HYLTON DYER, ESQ., 4, Catherine Terrace,
Gateshead.
1887 Low, LYMAN H., ESQ., 36, West 129th Street, New York,
U.S.A.
1893 LUND, H. M., ESQ., Makotuku, New Zealand.
1885 *LYELL, A. H., ESQ., F.S.A., 9, Cranley Gardens, S.W.
1895 MACDONALD, GEO., ESQ., M.A., The University, Glasgow.
1887 MACKERELL, C. E., ESQ., Dunningley, Balham Hill, S.W.
1895 MARSH, WM. E., ESQ., Marston, Bromley, Kent.
1897 MARTIN, A. TRICE, ESQ., M.A., F.S.A., Eedborough House,
Perceval Eoad, Clifton, Bristol.
1876 MASON, JAS. J., ESQ., Maryfield Villa, Victoria Eoad, Kirk-
caldy.
1896 MASSEY, LIEUT.-COL. W. J., (Ettrick,) 8, The Avenue, Upper
Norwood, S.E.
1880 *MAUDE, EEV. S., The Vicarage, Hockley, Essex.
1(» LIST OF MEMBERS.
BUCOTXD
1889 MAYLER, W., ESQ., Middleton Lodge, Alsager, Cheshire.
1868 MCLACHLAN, R. W., ESQ., 55, St. Monique Street, Montreal,
Canada.
1897 MILNE, J. GRAFTON, ESQ., M.A., Mansfield House, Canning
Town, E.
1887 MINTON, THOS. W., ESQ., Chase Ridings, Enfield.
1887 MITCHELL, E. C., ESQ., c'o Messrs. H. S. King & Co., 65,
Cornhill.
1898 MONCKTON, HORACE W., ESQ., F.L.S., F.G.S., 10, King's
Bench Walk, Temple, E.C.
1888 MONTAGUE, L. A. D., ESQ., Penton, near Crediton, Devon.
1879 MORRIESON, MAJOR H. WALTERS, R.A., 7, Esplanade, Ply-
mouth.
1885 MURDOCH, JOHN GLOAG, ESQ., Huntingtower, The Terrace,
Camden Square, N.W.
1894 MURPHY, WALTER ELLIOT, ESQ., 93, St. George's Road,
Pimlico, S.W.
1893 NAPIER, PROF. A. S., M.A., Ph.D., Hedington Hill, Oxford.
1890 NEALE, C. MONTAGUE, ESQ., 17, Killieser Avenue, Streatham
Hill, S.W.
1864 NECK, J. F., ESQ., c/o Mr. F. W. Lincoln, 69, New Oxford
Street, W.C.
1892 NEIL, R. ALEXANDER, ESQ., M.A.. Pembroke College, Cam-
bridge.
1898 NELSON, PHILIP, ESQ., M.B., 2, Aigburth Vale, Otterspool,
Liverpool.
1880 NELSON, RALPH, ESQ., 55, North Bondgate, Bishop Auck-
land.
1891 NERVEGNA, M. G., Brindisi, Italy.
1884 NUTTER, MAJOR W., Rough Lee, Accringtoii.
1898 OGDEN, W. SHARP, ESQ., 5, Cathedral Yard, Manchester.
1897 *0'HAGAN, HENRY OSBORNE, ESQ., A14, The Albany,
Piccadilly, W.
1885 OLIVER, E. EMMERSON, ESQ., M R.A.S., M.Inst.C.E.,
'2W, Cromwell Road, S.W.
LIST OF MEMBKIIS. 11
ELECTED
1882 OMAN, 0. W. C., ESQ., M.A., F.S.A., All Souls' College,
Oxford.
1890 PAGE, SAMUEL, ESQ., Han way House, Nottingham.
1890 PATON, W. E., ESQ., Calymna, Turkey in Asia.
1896 *PEARSON, GK, ESQ., J.P., Brickendonbury, Hertford.
1882 *PECKOVER, ALEX., ESQ., F.S.A., F.L.S., F.E.G.S., Bank
House, Wisbech.
1898 PEDLER, G. H., ESQ., L.E.C.P., 6, Trevor Terrace, S.W.
1896 PEERS, 0. E., ESQ., M.A., Harrow Weald Vicarage, Stanmore,
Middlesex.
1894 PERRY, HENRY, ESQ.. Middleton Mount, Eeigate.
1862 *PERRY, MARTEN, ESQ., M.D., Spalding, Lincolnshire.
1888 PINCHES, JOHN HARVEY, ESQ., 27, Oxenden Street, Hay-
market.
1882 PIXLEY, FRANCIS W., ESQ., F.S.A., 23, Linden Gardens, W.
1861 POLLEXFEN, REV. JOHN H.3 M.A., F.S.A., Middletou Tvas,
Richmond, Yorkshire.
1881 POWELL, SAMUEL, ESQ., Ivy House, Welshpool.
1887 PREVOST, AUGUSTUS, ESQ., B.A., F.S.A., 79, Westbourue
Terrace, W.
1897 PRICE, F. G. HILTON, ESQ., F.S.A., F.G.S., 17, Collingham
Gardens, S.W.
1878 PRIDEAUX, COL. W. F., C.S.I., F.E.G.S., M.E.A.S.,
Kingsland, Shrewsbury.
1887 EANSOM, W., ESQ., F.S.A., F.L.S., Fairfield, Hitchin, Herts.
1893 EAPHAEL, OSCAR C., ESQ., Bankhall Engine Works, Sand-
hills, Liverpool.
1890 EAPSON, E. J., ESQ., M.A., British Museum, W.C., Hon.
Secretary.
1848 EASHLEIGH, JONATHAN, ESQ., Menabilly, Par Station,
Cornwall.
1887 READY, W. TALBOT, ESQ., 55, Eathbone Place, W.
1882 RICHARDSON, A. B., ESQ., F.S.A. Scot., 8, Adelphi Road,
Paignton, Devon.
1890 EICKETTS, ARTHUR, ESQ , 16, Upper Grange Eoad, Old
Kent Eoad, S.E.
12 LIST OF MEMBERS.
ELECTED
1895 EIDGEWAY, PROFESSOR W., M.A., Fen Ditton, Cambridge.
1876 *EOBERTSON, J. D., ESQ., M.A., 21, Park Eoad, Eichmond
HiU, Surrey.
1889 EOME, WILLIAM, ESQ., C.C., F.S.A., F.L.S., Oxford Lodge,
"Wimbledon Common.
1862 ROSTRON, SIMPSON, ESQ., 1, Hare Court, Temple.
1896 *EOTH, BERNARD, ESQ., J.P., Wayside, Preston Park,
Brighton.
1872 *SALAS, MIGUEL T., ESQ., 247, Florida Street, Buenos Ayres.
1877 *SANDEMAN, LIEUT.-COL. JOHN GLAS, F.S.A., 24, Cambridge
Square, Hyde Park, W.
1875 SCHINDLER, GENERAL A. H., c/o Messrs. W. Dawson and
Son, Bream's Buildings, Chancery Lane, W.C.
1895 SELBY, HENRY JOHN, ESQ., The Yale, Shortlands, Kent.
1890 SELTMANN, E. J., EsQ.,Whitgift, Grange Eoad, Sutton, Surrey.
1891 SERRURE, M. RAYMOND, 19, Eue des Petits Champs, Paris.
1889 SIDEBOTHAM, E. J., ESQ., M.B.,Erlesdene, Bowdon, Cheshire.
1896 SIMPSON, C. E., ESQ., Huntriss Eow, Scarborough.
1893 *SiMS, E. F. M., ESQ., 12, Hertford Street, Mayfair, W.
1896 SINHA, KUMVAR KUSHAL PAL— EAIS OF KOTLA, Kotla, Agra,
India.
1887 SMITH, H. P., ESQ., 256, West 52nd Street, New York.
1883 SMITH, R. HOBART, ESQ., 542, West 150th Street, New
York.
1866 SMITH, SAMUEL, ESQ., JUN., 25, Croxteth Road, Prince's Park,
Liverpool.
1890 SMITH, W. BERESFORD, ESQ., Kenmore, Yanbrugh Park
Eoad West, Blackheath.
1892 SMITH, YINCENT A., ESQ., Naini Tal, N.W.P., India.
1881 SMITHE, J.DOYLE, ESQ., F.G.S., Ecclesdin, Upper Norwood.
1890 *SPENCE, C. J., ESQ., South Preston Lodge, North Shields.
1867 SPICER, FREDERICK, ESQ., Hillside, Prestwich Park, Prestwich,
Manchester.
1887 SPINK, C. F., ESQ., 17, Piccadilly, W,
1894 SPINK, SAMUEL M., ESQ., 2, Gracechurch Street, B.C.
STAMFORD, CHARLES G. THOMAS-, ESQ., 3, Enuismore
Gardens, S.W.
LIST OF MEMBERS.
13
L893 STOBART, J. M., ESQ., Glenelg, 4, Routh Eoad, Wandsworth
Common, S.W.
1889 STORY, MAJOR- GEN. VALENTINE FREDERICK, The Forest,
Nottingham.
1869 *STREATFEILD, REV. GEORGE SIDNEY, Vicarage, Streatham
Common, S.W.
1896 STRIDE, ARTHUR LEWIS, ESQ., J.P., Bush Hall, Hatfield.
1894 STROEHLIN, M., P. C., 86, Route de Chene, Geneva, Switzer-
land.
1864 *STUBBS, MAJOR-GEN. F. W., R.A., M.R.A.S., 2, Clarence
Terrace, St. Luke's, Cork, Ireland.
1875 STUDD, E. FAIRFAX, ESQ., Oxton, Exeter.
1893 STURT, LiEUT.-CoL. R. N. (address not known).
1870 SUGDEN, JOHN, ESQ., Dockroyd, near Keighley.
1885 SYMONDS, HENRY, ESQ., 30, Bolton Gardens, South Ken-
sington, S.W.
1896 *TAFFS, H. W., ESQ., 82, Herbert Road, Plumstead, S.E.
1879 TALBOT, MAJOR THE HON. MILO GEORGE, R.E., 2, Paper
Buildings, Temple, E.G.
1897 TALBOT, W. S., ESQ., C. S. Settlement Offices, Jhelum,
Pan jab, India.
1888 TATTON, THOS. E., ESQ., Wythenshawe, Northenden, Cheshire.
1892 *TAYLOR, R. WRIGHT, ESQ., F.S.A., 8, Stone Buildings,
Lincoln's Inn, W.C.
1887 TAYLOR, W. H., ESQ., The Croft, Wheelwright Road,
Erdington, near Birmingham.
1887 THAIRLWALL, T. J., ESQ., 12, Upper Park Road, Haverstock
Hill, N.W.
1880 *THEOBALD, W., ESQ., Budleigh Salterton, S. Devon.
1896 THOMPSON, HERBERT, ESQ., 35, Wimpole Street, W.
1896 THORBTJRN, HENRY W., ESQ., Cradock Villa, Bishop Auck-
land.
1888 THURSTON, E., ESQ., Central Government Museum, Madras.
1895 TILLSTONE, F. J., ESQ., c/o F. W. Madden, Esq., Brighton
Public Library, Royal Pavilion, Brighton.
1894 TRIGGS, A. B., ESQ., Bank of New South Wales, Yass, New
South Wales.
14 LIST OF MEMBERS.
KLKCTKD
1880 TRIST, J. W., ESQ., F.S.A., F.S.I., 62, Old Broad Street,
E.C.
1887 TROTTER, LIEUT.-COL. HENRY, C.B., United Service Club.
1874 VERITY, JAMES, ESQ., The Headlands, Earlsheaton, Dewsbury.
1893 VIRTUE, HERBERT, ESQ., 294, City Eoad, E.G.
1874 VIZE, GEORGE HENRY, ESQ., Stock Orchard House, 526,
Caledonian Eoad, N.
1892 VOST, DR. W., Gonda, Oude, India.
1875 WAKEFORD, GEORGE, ESQ., Knight-rider Street, Maidstone.
1883 WALKER, E. K., ESQ., M.A., Trin. CoU. Dub., Watergate,
Meath Eoad, Bray, Ireland.
1897 WALTERS, FRED. A., ESQ., 37, Old Queen Street, West-
minster, S.W.
1894 WARD, JOHN, ESQ., J.P., F.S.A., Lenoxvale, Belfast,
Ireland.
1889 WARREN, COL. FALKLAND, C.M.G., 911, Nicola Street, Van-
couver, British Columbia.
1887 *WEBER, EDWARD F., ESQ., 58, Alster, Hamburg, Germany.
1885 *WEBER, FREDERIC P., ESQ., M.D., F.S.A., 19, Harley
Street, W.
1883 * WEBER, HERMANN, ESQ., M.D., 10, Grosvenor Street,
Grosvenor Square, W., Vice- President.
1884 WEBSTER, W. J., ESQ., c/o Messrs. Spink, 17, Piccadilly,
W.
1883 WHELAN, F. E., ESQ., 6, Bloomsbury Street, W.C.
1869 *WIGRAM, MRS. LEWIS (address not known).
1881 WILLIAMSON, GEO. C., ESQ., F.E.S.L., The Mount, Guild-
ford, Surrey.
1869 WINSER, THOMAS B., ESQ., 81, Shooter's Hill Eoad, Blackheath,
S.E.
1868 WOOD, HUMPHREY, ESQ., F.S.A., Chatham.
1860 WORMS, BARON GEOKGK DE, F.E.G.S.,F.S.A., M.E.S.L., F.G.S.
D.L., J.P., 17, Park Crescent, Portland Place, W.
1883 WRIGHT, EEV. WILLIAM, D.D., Woolsthorpe, 10, The Avenue,
Upper Norwood, tS.E.
LIST OF MEMBERS. 15
ELECTED
ELECTED
1880 WROTH, W. W., ESQ., F.S.A., British Museum, Foreign
Secretary.
1885 WYON, ALLAN, ESQ., F.S.A., F.S.A.Scot., 2, Langham
Chambers, Portland Place, W.
1889 YEATES, F. WILLSON, ESQ., 7, Leinster Gardens, Hyde
Park, W.
1880 YOUNG, ARTHUR W., ESQ., 12, Hyde Park Terrace, W.
1898 YOUNG, JAMES, ESQ., Eosenfeld, Chase Green Avenue, Enfield.
HONORARY MEMBERS.
ELECTED
1891 BABELON, M. ERNEST, Bibliotheque Nationale, Paris.
1862 BARTHELEMY, M. A. DE, 9, Eue d'Anjou, Paris.
1898 BLANCHET, M. J. A., 164, Boulevard Pereira, Paris.
1882 CHABOUILLET, M. A., Bibliotheque Nationale, Paris.
1831 DANNENBERG, HERR H., N.W., Lessingstrasse, Berlin.
1898 DRESSEL, DR. H., Miinz Kabinet, K. Museen, Berlin.
1893 GNECCHI, SIGR. FRANCESCO, 10, Via Filodrammatici, Milan.
1886 HERBST, HERR C. F., Director of the Museum of Northern
Antiquities and Inspector of the Coin Cabinet, Copenhagen.
1886 HILDEBRAND, DR. HANS, Eiksantiquarien, Stockholm.
1873 IMHOOF-BLUMER, DR. F., Winterthur, Switzerland.
1893 JONGHE, M. le Vicomte B. de, Eue du Trone, 60, Brussels.
1878 KENNER, DR. F., K. K. Museum, Vienna.
1893 LOEBBECKE, HERR A., Kellerstrasse, 1, Brunswick.
1898 MADDEN, F. W., ESQ., Holt Lodge, 86, London Eoad,
Brighton.
1898 MILANI, PROF., Luigi Adriano, Florence.
1878 MOMMSEN, PROFESSOR DR. THEODOR, Charlottenburg, Berlin.
1898 NAPLES, H.E.H. MONSEIGNEUR, THE PRINCE OF, Palazzo
Eeale, Naples.
16 LIST OF MEMBERS.
ELECTED
1895 REINACH, M. THEODORE, 26, Hue Murillo, Paris.
1896 RODGERS, 0. J., ESQ., The Bible Society, Lahore, Panjab,
India.
1865 Six, M. J. P., Amsterdam.
1891 SVORONOS, M. J. N., Conservateur du Cabinet des Medailles,
Athens.
1881 TIESENHAUSEN, PROF. W., Pont de la Police, 17, St. Peters-
burg.
1886 WEIL, DR. EUDOLF, Konigliche Museen, Berlin.
MEDALLISTS
OF THE NUMISMATIC SOCIETY OF LONDON.
1883 CHARLES ROACH SMITH, ESQ., F.S.A.
1884 AQUILLA SMITH, ESQ., M.D., M.R.I.A.
1885 EDWARD THOMAS, ESQ., F.R.S.
1886 MAJOR-GENERAL ALEXANDER CUNNINGHAM, C.S.I., C.I.E.
1887 JOHN EVANS, ESQ., D.C.L., LL.D., F.R.S., P.S.A. (in gold).
1888 DR. F. IMHOOF-BLUMER, of Winterthur.
1889 PROFESSOR PERCY GARDNER, Litt.D., F.S.A.
1890 MONSIEUR J. P. Six, of Amsterdam.
1891 DR. C. LUDWIG MULLER, of Copenhagen.
1892 PROFESSOR R. STUART POOLE, LL.D.
1893 MONSIEUR W. H. WADDINGTON, Senateur, Membre de 1'In-
stitut, Paris.
1894 CHARLES FRANCIS KEARY, ESQ., M.A., F.S.A.
1895 PROFESSOR DR. THEODOR MOMMSEN, of Berlin.
1896 FREDERIC W. MADDEN, ESQ., M.R.A.S.
1897 DR. ALFRED VON SALLET, of Berlin.
1898 THE REV. CANON W. GREENWELL, M.A., F.R.S., F.S.A.
NUMISMATIC CHRONICLE.
i.
SUR UN TJ&TRADRACHME DE NABIS.
PLUSIEURS documents epigraphiques et numismatiques
ont ete recemment trouves, qui augmentent et rectifient
ce que Polybe et Tite-Live nous disaient de Nabis.
Nous savons maintenant que Nabis n'etait pas un soldat
de fortune, un condottiere ne n'importe ou, qui se trouva
un jour maitre de Sparte, mais un Lacedemonien, vrai-
semblablement de sang Heraclide ; qu'il etait fils d'un'
Demarate, et descendant probable de ce roi Demarate
qui avait cherche un refuge a la cour de Suze, au temps
des guerres mediques ; qu'il devait par consequent avoir
des droits a la royaute de Sparte ; et qu'aussi bien, s'il a
merite par 1'atrocite de ses moyens de regne le nom de
tyran, il prit le titre de roi, 1'inscrivit sur sa monnaie, en
recut reconnaissance des etats etrangers.
Pour la commodit^ du lecteur, rappelons brievement ces
documents nouveaux concernant Nabis.
Ce sont d'abord les dedicaces des trophees eriges sur
Tacropole de Pergame par Eumene II apres la guerre
centre Nabis (Fraenkel, Inschriften von Pergamon I. Nos.
VOL. XVIII. THIRD SERIES. B
NUMISMATIC CHRONICLE.
60 — 63). Voici la plus interessante : [Ba<n\etW
a-Tro] Tta[y yevofjievwv CK T]//? arpareta^ \cuj)vp(t)V, [rjv
era 'Pw/xa/]wi/ i([al rw^v a[\\wj/] a\_v~\[JL-
em Na/3ty roV Aa/rawa, ^Karaffrpe^afJLei/ov rovs
(Fraenkel No. 60),
Ensuite le decret, trouve en 1886, des Myceniens pour
Protimos de Gortyne, qui avait delivr£ de servitude les
jeunes gens de Mycenes emmenes d Sparte par Nabis,
lors de 1'occupation de TArgolide par le roi spartiate,
entre 197 et 195 av. J.-C. : 'E7re[>]S?7
[ — 1 ii^fidiVTwv M.vKaveiav VTTO NajSto? e?
l'7ro\vwpirje TIpori/jLo? Tifjiap^ov Yoprvvios ......
(Tsountas, 'E0^. ap%. 1887, p. 156 ; Dial Inschr.,
No. 3315 ; Heberdey et Wilnelm, Reisen in Kilikien,
p. 112 note; Michel, Recueil d' Inscriptions grecques, No.
173). Cpf le de*cret de Trezene pour deux Cretois de
Polyrrh^nion, qui avaient rendu aux Trezeniens, a la suite
de 1'occupation de 1'Argolide par Nabis, des services
analogues a ceux que les Myceniens avaient recus de
Protimos (Bull Cor. Hell, xvii. p. 108, 109).
En 1891, M. Lambros publia la premiere piece connue
de Nabis (B. C. H., xv. p. 415) : un tetradrachme, portant
au droit la tete d' Athena, au revers Heracles nu, assis, avec
les lettres A — A, les etoiles des Dioscures et le nom
NABIOZ.
En 1896, M. Paul Wolters remarquait dans le musee
de Sparte une tuile portant Pestampille ^ AB^oZ (lu'^
expliquait ^3a((7t)\eo9 Na^tos, et d'ou il concluait que
* Le nombre des captifs est illisible sur la pierre,
SUR UN TETRADRACHME DE NAB1S. O
Nabis avait porte le titre de roi (Athen. Mittheil. xxii.
p. 139) ; conclusion que confirm ait aussitot M. Homolle,
par la publication d'un decret de Delos en 1'honneur du
roi Nabis, paaiXea Na/3ii> Aa/zaparou Acucefiai/jLoviov
(B. C. H., xx., p. 502). En meme temps, le MuseeBritan-
nique acquerait a la Tente Montagu, et M. Warwick
Wroth publiait ici meme (Num. Chron. 1897, p. 107 et PL
V., 2) un tetradrachme portant au droit la tete de Nabis et
au revers 1'Heracles de la piece Lambros accompagne cette
fois de F inscription M A RIQV « ^n ni'assure que cet
etrange mot BAIAEOZ surprit si fort quelques personnes
qu'elles n'hesiterent pas a exprimer des doutes sur Tauthen-
ticite du tetradrachme Montagu. La haute valeur d'art
du portrait de Nabis aurait du, ce semble, interdire de
pareils doutes; et il ne vaudrait pas la peine de les
mentionner, s'il n'etait interessant de noter que cette
admirable piece, presque un chef-d'oeuvre, a eu, elle
aussi, les honneurs de Tinjure comme d'autres monuments
qui ne s'en portent pas plus mal, au Louvre la tiare
de Saetapharnes et le vase de Cleomen£s, au musee Bri-
tannique la Hera d'Agrigente ou le grand sarcophage
etrusque. La verite, c'est que le mot BAIAEOZ, au
lieu de prouver la faussete du tetradrachme Montagu, est
au contraire, a moins de supposer des faussaires assez
experts en dialectologie grecque, la meilleure preuve de
son authenticite.
En laconien, Inspiration rude, indiquee dans les in-
scriptions archa'iques par le signe H, remplace le a entre
deux voyelles. On trouvera dans Eoehl (I. G. A. 38) dix-
huit exemples de ce fait ; une inscription du Tenare,
expliquee par M. Foucart (B. C. H., iii. p. 96) en
offre deux :
NUMISMATIC CHRONICLE.
A N E 0 E K E
TOIPOHOIAANI
NIKON N/«ov
N I K A4>O P I A A
K A I AY H I P PON Kal AJhunrw 2
etc. etc.
II semble qu'une derogation a cette loi existe dans
^inscription trouvee a Delos, ou M. Homolle a reconnu
un fragment de 1'acte par lequel les Spartiates restituerent
aux Deliens, vers 1'an 400, les droits qu'Athenes leur
avait enleves (B. C. H. iii., p. 12 ; Hicks, No. 61 ;
Michel, No. 180).
. NKAIOI . . KalOi[S>
^KAINAFO VKaiva/oi-
N KA ITON >K -v ml T£V x-
PEMATONT -prjudrw T-
5 ONTO0 IO 5 -£v roO Bum.
EBA^IAEYON "EpaviXevov
Afl^P AY^AN I A3 "Ay*, Haraavi'ac •
E<I>OPOIH3AN
OYIHNIAA3
etc. eta.
A la ligne 6, cf3aol\evov n'est pas une forme laconienne.
C'est que Finscription de Delos se compose de deux parties
distinctes, la l^e en ecriture et dialecte laconiens, la
seconde (qui commence justement avec lemot e/3omXeuov)
en ecriture et dialecte ioniens. La lfere partie devait etre
la fin du document spartiate ; la 2*"** commen9ait un
document delien ; les deux documents avaient d'ailleurs
rapport a la meme affaire, qui est bien celle qu'a devinee
M. Homolle,
2 Une inscription de meme espece et de meme provenance,
qui manque au recueil de Boehl, est conservee au musee Britan-
nique (Anc. Gr. Inter, ii., No. 139).
I
SUR UN TETRADRACHME DE NABIS. 5
Revenons au BAIAEOZ de la piece publiee par M.
Wroth. Au commencement du IP siecle, quand cette
piece fut frappee, la prononciation aspiree du a entre
deux voyelles subsistait tou jours a Sparte ; la KOIVVJ n'avait
pas encore completement vaincu les habitudes dialectales ;
on sait du reste que Sparte a tou jours garde, meme a
1'epoque imperiale, des habitudes de langage particulieres.
Le graveur de la monnaie de Nabis devait se trouver assez
embarrasse pour transcrire la prononciation /3afo\eo?;
deux cents ans plus tot, il aurait ecrit BAHIAEOZ; mais
vers Tan 200 avant J.-C., Thabitude est perdue de marquer
1'aspiration rude par la lettre H. Le graveur ecrit done
BAIAEOZ.
Le plus ancien exemple analogue se rencontre dans
la dedicace de 1'olympionique spartiate Demosthenes,
vainqueur au stade des homines, en la 116^me 01. = 316
av. J.-C. : )0\vfjLTTLa VIKCLCL? aTabiov (Inschriften von
Olympia, No. 171). Plus tard, des formes comme
^wtviKoS) Swai/Ejyo?, se trouvent a cote des formes de la
langue commune, ^wancparr]^, 'Swaav'tpos. Une inscrip-
tion liturgique copiee par Fourmont a Mistra present
d'offrir a Despoina un gateau de sesame, aprov 8m
ffaafjicav. Enfin, dans les inscriptions archaisantes de
Sparte (Foucart, Inscr. du Peloponnese, p. 79 et 143)
on a des formes comme veiicaap (= i/</ra<ray), vetfcdavrep
(=viKaaavTes). Cp. Muellensiefen, De titulorum Laconi-
corum dialecto (Diss. phil. Argent, vi.), p. 51-54.
C'est le moment de soumettre a un nouvel examen
Testampille publiee par M. Wolters ^^° J- Ce savant
considere BAAEoZ comme une abreviation. On sait
qu'a Fepoque chretienne et byzantine, certains noms
religieux sont represented par leurs lettres initiales et
6 NUMISMATIC CHRONICLE.
finales, 1C XC, MP 0Y, AAA, etc. Cette facon
d'abreger, purement grecque, a des origines assez hautes ;
au IP siecle avant notre ere, on trouve sur des tetra-
drachmes de Smyrne BAYZ = f}a((ri)Xevs, sur un papyrus
BACCHC = j8a(ff£\0<r<"79. De meme, BAAEOZ serait
1'abreviation de pa(a^\eo9.
Remarquons d'abord que la forme laconienne n'etait
pas fiaaiXeos, mais comme le prouve la piece publiee par
M. "Wroth, fiatXeos (prononce pahiXeos). L'abreviation
aurait done consiste a supprimer une lettre (9). Ecrire six
lettres au lieu de sept, c'est une mince economic. Que
faut-il done croire ? Que M. Wolters a mal lu, que
1'estampille porte en realite BAIAEOZ, le iota etant
ecrit en surcharge, plus petit que les autres lettres?
Mais il n'est pas admissible de suspecter la lecture d'un
savant aussi exact et aussi exerce que M". "Wolters.
Je crois que Festampille est bien ?,^ p , ?J, mais que
INI ABICJi
dans BAAEOZ, il faut voir, non pas une abreviation,
mais une notation insuffisante d'une prononciation
dialectale difiBcile a transcrire. Le mot se prononcait
fiahiXeos, paroxyton. Or, le laconien semble avoir
marque tres fortement 1'accent, au point de faire dis-
paraitre les syllables atones. La dedicace archaique, gravee
sur un rocher pres de Kalamata (/. G. A., No. 74) en
donne un bon exemple: KOP® IATA[l]nANI, "a Pan
qui habite les cimes" (/ro/w^kw). II est Evident que le
mot Kopvfa'j, accentue sur la derniere, perdait en laconien
sa deuxieme syllabe, qui etait atone, et se reduisait a
Kop(f>d. (Cp. le nom de Corfoii, et le romaique re? /cop&es,
qui, par ex., dans la region de Delphes, designe la double
cime du Parnasse). De meme pahiXlos, qu'on ecrivait
SUR UN TETRADRACHME DE NAB1S.
BAIAEOZ, pouvait se reduire dans la prononciation a
pahXeos, dans Tecriture a BAAEOZ.
Interessante au point de vue dialectologique, la piece
publiee par M. Wroth ne Test pas moms au point de vue
artistique et comme document psychologique. On peut
dire que la gravure grecque n'a guere fait de plus beau
portrait, ni qui fasse deviner mieux le caractere du
personnage repre*sente. Nabis nous apparait comme un
sanguin, gros et solide, capable d' efforts opiniatres, de dis-
simulation, de cruaute. L'artiste n'a pas soulign£ ce qu'il
y avait de peu aimable dans cette physionomie ; mais cela
se devine sous Tair de majeste qu'il convenait de donner a
cette figure royale, et que Nabis, d'ailleurs, avait sans
doute. Nabis etait de sang Heraclide ; il a ete visiblement
represente avec quelque chose de la majeste d'Hercule,
mais d'un Hercule capable de mechancete. Ce portrait,
a peine idealise, contemporain du personnage, fait par son
ordre, approuve par lui, est de tous les documents nouveaux
concernant Nabis, le plus vivant et le plus suggestif.
PAUL PERDRIZET.
II.
THE BALCOMBE FIND.
(See Plates I.— V.)
ON May 23rd, 1897, as a labourer in the employment of
Mr. Francis Pierce, of Forest View, Balcombe, Sussex, was
engaged in levelling a field called Stockcroft, opposite to
the Rectory gate, his grafter struck a vessel, which was
buried about eight inches below the surface. The vessel,
which was of iron, was an ordinary household water- jug
of the fourteenth century, resembling in shape a modern
coffee-pot with a long spout and handle, and having had
originally three short legs or feet. One of the legs had been
broken off, and could not be found. It must therefore
have been removed by an ancient fracture, which occurred
before the pot was buried. The vessel was found to contain
12 gold and 742 silver coins, which were wrapped up in a
small piece of rough canvas. An inquest having been held
by the Coroner for East Sussex, the coins were pronounced
to be Treasure trove ; and having been transmitted to
Her Majesty's Treasury, they were in due course for-
warded to the British Museum for examination and
selection.
The simple manner in which the treasure was concealed,
and the use of an ordinary household utensil for its
reception, show that no special circumstances could have
been connected with its burial. It was simply the hoard-
ings of a private individual, who, like so many others
THE BALCOMBE FIND. 9
before and after his time, buried his treasure, and, from some
unforeseen circumstances, did not unearth it again. If
we take into account the value of money in the middle
ages, as compared with that of the present day, the hoard
must have represented no small sum.
A summary of the hoard is as follows : —
Edward III.
Edward I.
Edward II.
Edward III.
GOLD.
Noble, third coinage (1346)
. 1
„ fourth „ (1351-1360)
4
„ „ „ (1360-1369)
. 6
„ „ „ (1369-1377)
. 1
—
12
SlLVEE.
Pennies, London ....
. 25
Berwick ....
. 1
Bristol ....
. 2
Canterbury
. 10
Durham ....
, 6
Lincoln ....
. 8
Newcastle .
. 1
York ....
. 2
50
Pennies, London
. 22
i, Berwick . . ,
. 2
,, Bury St. Edmunds .
. 5
,, Canterbury .
. 22
,, Durham
. 3
54
Groats, London ....
. 214
„ York ,
. 16
230
Half-Groats, London .
. 83
„ York ,
. 8
91
Pennies, London
. 47
,, Canterbury .
. 1
,, Durham
. 75
„ York ....
. 120
,, Uncertain Mints .
. 10
253
Half-Pennies, London
.
32
VOL. XVIII. THIRD SERIES.
10 NUMISMATIC CHRONICLE.
Richard II. Groats, London 4
,, Half- Groats, London .... 2
,, Pennies, York 10
,, Half-Pennies, London .... 3
— 19
SCOTTISH.
Alexander III. Pennies 3
David II. ;, no mint .... 1
,, ,, Edinburgh. ... 3
Robert II. „ Edinburgh and Perth . . 3
— 10
FOREIGN.
John, Count of Hainault. Denier, Maubeuge . . 1
John the Blind, of Luxembourg. Denier, Luxembourg 2
Total (silver) . . 742
From the above list it will be seen that this is one
of the most important finds of silver coins, so far as it
relates to the reign of Edward III, that has taken place
in recent times in England. The series of groats and
half- groats of that reign are very extensive, especially
those which belong to the first issue; and varieties of
legend and type enable us to divide them up into several
classes, showing some chronological sequence. The pre-
servation of these coins is, on the whole, very satisfactory,
some pieces even being . in a fine state. The pennies of
Edward I, II, and III, are equally numerous ; but un-
fortunately the worn condition of many of them rendered
their classification in some instances a matter of some
difficulty.
The evidence afforded by this find presents another
opportunity for discussing generally that long-mooted
question of the classification of the smaller pieces of the
THE BALCOMBE FIND. 11
three Edwards. With the groats and half-groats no such
difficulty occurs. All the early pieces of these denomina-
tions bearing the name of Edward belong to the third
king of that name ; and all that has to be done is to
place them in some chronological sequence within the well-
defined periods into which they have been already sepa-
rated. In the case of the earlier groats this find enables
us to form several groups which had not been noticed by
Hawkins nor by previous writers, but which had been
hinted at in a paper recently published in the Numismatic
Chronicle.1 With the early pennies, halfpennies, and
farthings bearing the name of Edward, the case is entirely
different, since we know that pieces of all three denomi-
nations were struck in each of the reigns of Edward I,
II, and III. Their division has, however, up to the
present, almost baffled the ingenuity of numismatists,
and in order to facilitate the discussion of their classifica-
tion in the following pages, it has been considered advis-
able to group them together in the descriptions. The
coins of the Edwards are therefore given, firstly in the
order of metals, gold and silver, and secondly according
to the denominations. As the classification of the smaller
pieces is based chiefly on small differences of type and
on styles of lettering, numerous illustrations are a neces-
sity ; and as many of the specimens in the hoard were too
much worn to be of use for such a purpose, a few illustra-
tions have been supplemented from examples either in the
National Collection or in Mr. Lawrence's cabinet ; and in
some instances, of coins examples of which did not occur
in the hoard. These are included to support theories
adduced. Such pieces will be specially noted.
1 Third Series, vol. xiii. (1893), p. 46.
12 NUMISMATIC CHRONICLE.
The following is a complete descriptive list of all the
coins in the hoard : —
EDWARD III,
GOLD.
NOBLES,
1. Third coinage, 1346.
Obv.— SDWSRD * D' * GRA * RffX * XRGL'.*
x Z * FRSnd * DRS * f]B * King in ship,
holding sword and shield ; two ropes from
prow, three from stern.
* PGCR
ILLORVm S IBST * Large floriated cross,
within double tressure of arches ; in each
angle, lion and crown ; in centre, large 6C ; in
each spandril, trefoil. Wt. 126'7 grs. [PI.
I. 1] .....
2. Fourth coinage, 1351 — 1360. Same, but three ropes
from prow and stern on obv. ; small €C in
centre of cross on rev., and lis over head of
lion in third quarter ; reading —
Obv.— ffDWSRD . Dffl . GRS . R6CX . STC6L' . Z .
. D . J|YB.
. TRSiiaieais .
ILLORV5R . IBST . ; stops, annulets on both
sides, and Roman N's. Wt. 1 18 grs. .
3. Same as the last coin, but N's on obv. not barred.
Obv. legend ends FRSIItt . D . t]IB, and no
annulet after mffDlVJR. Wt. 118 grs.
4-5, Same as No. 2, but three ropes from stern and
one from prow ; lis at head of lion in second
quarter, and annulet each side of lis on upper
limb of cross; reading I tyS for 1 1] (I, and
saltire after each word on both sides, in-
stead of annulet, two after TRSIIdiailS ;
N's on both sides not barred. Wt. 118-5 grs.
each
THE BALCOMBE FIND. 13
6. Fourth coinage, 1360 — 1369. Similar to No. 2. With
three ropes from stern and prow, large €C in
centre of cross, lis over head of lion in second
quarter, and single pellet at each angle of
compartment in centre of cross, reading —
Obv.— GCDWA'RD' . D€CI : 6E£' . E6CX :
DRS' . 1}IB : : Z : SQT-.
F .
mecDivm . ILLOEE' . IB^T . ; stops, sai-
tires. Wt. 119-3 grs. [PI. I. 2] . . .1
7. Similar to the preceding coin, but three ropes from
stern and two from prow; no lis at head of
lion, and trefoil of pellets at each angle of
compartment in centre of cross ; legends —
Obv.— 6CDWSBD : DSI : 6ES : EGCX : SI7GL : DOS :
J]YB . Z . SQT .
Rev.— + Ilid : £VT€Cm : TE^RSIGCRS : PffE :
meCDIV : ILLOEVm : IBST ; stops, saltires.
"Wt. 108-3 grs. A little chipped ... 1
8-10. Same type legends and varieties as the last coin, but
with an annulet before QDWX ED. Wt. 120,
119-5, and 118 grs ...... 3
11. Same type, legends and varieties as the last, but one
rope only from the prow of the vessel. Wt.
119-5 grs. . . . . . . .1
12. Fourth coinage, 1369-1377.
Olv.~ GDWftED' . DI : 6ES . EGCX . SR6L . Z .
FEftRCT . DOS' . I?IB : Z . £QVT . King
in ship, usual type, three ropes from stern,
one from prow.
£*>.— U]d : S VTGCm : TESRSIGCRS : P6CE : StteC DIV5H :
ILLOEV : IBST. Floriated cross, &c., as on
No. 1, but pellet after S in central com-
partment ; stops, saltires, on both sides. Wt.
119 grs. . ......
12
14 NUMISMATIC CHRONICLE.
SILVER.
GROATS. — LONDON.
First Issue, A.D. 1351 — 1360.
Type. — Oov. Bust of king facing, crowned, within double
tressure of nine arches, neured.
Rev. — Long cross pattee, with three pellets in each
angle, and dividing legends in two concentric
circles.
Series A, with D . 6RS, and Roman or English Jtt'a, and
open or closed 6'a.
1. Obv.— + GDWftR' . D . GRS . RGX . £NGL' . Z .
FRSNC' . D . f}YB' .
£ev.—+ POSVI . DGVM . SDIVTOR6M . MGVM .
CIVITftS LOTCDOTC. Stops, annulets. [PI.
1.3] ..... . . 1
2. Same; but English Sft's and open or closed fit's, and
reading SHOT (2 varieties) .... 2
Series B, with D . 6 ., English JR'« and Roman N'« not barred.
3. Obv.— + ffDWSRD . D . 6 . R€tX SII6L . Z .
FROTCC . D . 17 YB.
Rev.— + POSVI . DOTS!* . SDIVTORffm . SttOT . —
LOIIDOII.
Arches above crown not floured ; stops, annulets.
Many varied in the position of the stops;
sometimes abbreviations are marked as D' . 6' .
£II6L'., &c. [PI. I. 4 and 5] ... 47
4. Same as No. 3, but reading SII6LI' . for SII6L . 1
5. Same as No. 3, but reading FRSIIdl for
THE BALCOMBE FIND. 15
6. Same as No. 3, but 6 omitted in D. 6 . . . . 1
7. Same as No. 3, but Z omitted after SII6L ... 2
8. Same as No. 3, but four pellets, one small, in the fourth
angle of the cross ..... 1
9. Same as No. 3, but small cross between pellets in first
angle of cross, and stops on rev., saltires . . 1
10. Same as No. 3, but annulet within pellets in first
angle of cross ...... 3
11. Same as the last, but reading dlVIT • X • S (5 varied) 6
12. Same as the last, but arches above crown fleured; all
varied ....... 3
12*. Same as the last, with arches above crown fleured, but
on rev. stops, saltires instead of annulets » 2
13. Same as the preceding, but stops, saltires on both
sides . 1
14. Same as No. 3, but inscription on rev. blundered,
+ POSVI Decvm . SDavm . SDivTav . 2
15. Same as No. 3, but with lis on breast ; all varied . 4
16. Same type and legends and same varieties as No. 3,
viz., with Eoman N's not barred, but with
m.m. crown on both sides ; stops, annulets,
but varied in their positions . . . .13
17. Same as the last ; but reading on rev. LOMDOM . . 1
18. Same as No. 16, but m.m. cross on obv., crown on rev. 2
16 NUMISMATIC CHRONICLE.
Series C, with D . 6 ., English ftl's and Roman N's barred,
but from right to left.
a. Arches above crown not fleured.
19. Obv.— + 6CDWSRD . D . 6 . EttGL . 2 . FRSTCCt .
D . IjYB.
nev.—+ POSVI . Davsii . TOiVTORetm . metv .
Stops, annulets. Many varied in position, &c.,
as No. 3 .15
20. Same as the last, but reading LOMDOM 1
b. Arches above crown fleured.
21. Same legends and varieties as No. 19, but the arches
above the king's crown are fleured ; stops,
annulets, varied as on No. 3 ... 27
22. Same, but annulet within pellets in second quarter of
cross on rev. 1
23. Same as the preceding, but reading dlVIT • "R ' S . . 1
24. Same as No. 21, but annulet below bust, and within
pellets of second quarter of cross on rev . . 5
25. Same as the preceding, but reading LOMDOM . . 1
Series D, with DI . 6 ., English SH'« and Mom an N'a barred
from right to left.
a. Arches above crown not fleured.
26. Same legends, &c., as No. 19, with arches above crown
not fleured, but reading DI . 6 . for D . 6 . ;
stops, annulets, or broken annulets . 4
b. Arches above crown fleured.
27. Same as the preceding, but arches above crown fleured ;
stops, annulets ....
THE BALCOMBE FIND. 17
Series E, with D6CI . G ., English 5ft's and Roman N'a barred
from right to left.
a. Arches above crown not fleured.
28. Same legends and varieties as No, 19, with arches
above crown not fleured, but reading D€CI . 6 .
for D . 6 . Stops, annulets; varied as No. 3 . 12
6. Arches above crown fleured.
29. Same as the preceding, but arches above crown fleured ;
stops, annulets and varied . . . .10
Second issue, A.D. 1360—1369. (During the treaty of Bretigny ;
without name of France, but with that of Aquitaine.)
30. Olv.— + GCDWSED : DGCI : 6 : E6CX : SH6L ;
DRS : f]YB . Z . SQT . (stops, annulets). Bust
facing, crowned, traces of drapery across breast;
within tressure of nine arches, all fleured.
nev.—+ POSVI . Decvm :
CCIVITSS LOKDOTC (stops, saltires). Long
cross pattee, with three pellets in each angle
[PI. I. 9] ....... 8
31. Same, but with an annulet before GtDWSKD . . 6
32. Same as the preceding coin, but reading DVfl? for
D6CV5H ...... ' . 1
33. Same as No. 31, but reading SftffVSft ... 1
34. Same as the last, but single saltire after DQTStt and
SDlVTORffSft ; also before dlVlT^S and
LOTCDOK . ; mark of abbreviation over last
VL in London ...... 1
36. Same as No. 30, but with a single annulet after each
word of obv. legend ..... 1
36. Same as the preceding, but one saltire after DQTftl and
SDIVTORffm ...... 1
VOL, XVIII. THIRD SERIES. D
18 NUMISMATIC CHRONICLE.
Third issue, A.D. 1369—1377. (After the breaking of the treaty
of Bretigny, with French title.)
37. Olv.— + 6CDWSRD' . DI : GRft : R6CX :
Z : FRSndieC . (stops, saltires). Bust of king
facing crowned, within tressure of nine
arches.
xev.—+ POSVI Decvm : SDiVTOEecm :
aiVITSS. LOTCDOtt . (stops, saltires). Long
cross pattee, with three pellets in each angle.
[PI. II. 2] ..... .1
38. Same, but reading fllffV for mffVm .... 1
39. Same as the last, but with two saltires after FRSnGCiet 1
40. Same as the last coin, but with saltire before GCIVITSS
...... 1
41. Same as the preceding, but no saltires after
42. Same as No. 37, but reading FRSRCC : (two saltires)
and SttffV, and two saltires before CttVITSS
and one before LOKDOH .... 1
43. Same as the last, but one saltire before and after
LOTCDOK ...... . 1
44. Same as the preceding, but no saltires after
YORK.
Issue A.D. 1351—1360. With D . 6 ., English JH'« and
Roman N'a not barred.
45. Olv.—+ eCDWSRD' . D' . 6' . R6CX . SII6L' . Z .
FfiSlItt . D . 1}YB . (stops, annulets). Bust
of king facing, crowned, within double tres-
sure of nine arches fleured, except those aboye
the crown.
THE BALCOMBE FIND. 19
j?e<>.— + POSVI . DGCVm .
. (stops, annulets). Long
cross pattee, with three pellets in each angle ;
some varied in position of stops, &c. [PI. II. 1] 16
HALF GROATS.— LONDON.
(First issue— A.D. 1351—1360.)
Series A, ivith Roman or English Hi's, and open or closed 6C's.
46. Similar type and work to the groat (No. 1), but arches
above crown not fleured, reading —
Obv.—+ 6DWSRDVS . KGX . STC6L' . Z . FRSTCCL
Eev.—+ POSVI . DGV . . 7YDIYTOR6M — CIVI-
LOTCDOTC . (stops, annulets). [PI. II. 3]
47. Same, but English $ft, and closed EC's and CC's, and
reading TOGLI' . for XTC6L', and
forFRHTCOI. [PI. II. 4]
Series B, with English fll's and Roman N's not larrcd.
48. Same type as the half groat (No. 46) ; but reading —
Obv.— + 6CDWSRDVS . RffX . SII6LI' . Z . FRS.
(stops, annulets).
DSV
LOIIDOII ....... 1
49. Same, but m.m. crown on both sides . . .1
50. Same as No. 48, but reading FRSCC : One has the
arches above the crown fleured ... 2
51. Same as No. 48, but reading FRSOCI. Two specimens
have the N in AN6L barred. [PI. II. 5] . 25
52. Same as the last, but m.m. crown on both sides . . 2
20 NUMISMATIC CHRONICLE.
Series C, with English SH'«, burred N's on obv., not barred on rev.
53. Same type and legends as No. 48, but reading FE^NCC.
N's on obv. barred, but not on rev. ; arches
above crown fleured
54. Same, but annulet under the bust, and pellet on either
side of 'K in OIVIT2S . 2
55. Same as No. 53, but annulet under bust, and between
pellets in one quarter of cross on rev. [PI. II. 6] 1
Series D, with English SIl's and barred N's on both sides.
56. Same type and legends as No. 48, but reading
N's barred on both sides, and arches above
crown not fleured . ... 1
57. Same, but arches above crown fleured ... 2
58. Same as No. 56, but m.m. crown on both sides . . 1
59. Same as No. 56, but reading FB^Nd . . .17
60. Same as the last, but annulet under the bust and in one
quarter of cross on rev., and arches above
the crown fleured , , 1
61. Same as No. 56, but reading FKSNdl , 5
62. Same as the last, but arches above the crown fleured , 7
Second issue, A.D. 1360—1369. (Without French title.)
Series A, with English R's on obv. and Roman N's on rev.
63, Obv.— + - etDWSRDVS : E6CX : 3R6L' . DRS :
(stops, annulets). Bust facing, crowned, with-
in tressure of nine arches all fleured.
THE BALCOMBE FIND. 21
Eev.—+ POSVI : DffVm : SDIVTOEGC : mGC -
CQVITSS LOIIDOII (stops, saltires). Long
cross pattee, three pellets in each angle . . 1
64. Same, but reading mffV for met. [PI. II. 7] . .1
65. Same as the last, but the N's in LONDON barred . . 8
Series B, with English R's on obv. and rev.
66. Similar to No. 63 ; but arch on either side of crown
ornamented "with annulet ; legends —
Obv.—+ 6CDWSRD' .E6CX . SRGLIff' . DRS : t}IB'.
Eev.—+ POSVI . DGCY . ftDIVTOKGC ttl — CtlVITSS
LORDOR. Stops, saltires on both sides.
[PL II. 8] .......
YORK.
(First issue, A.D. 1351 — 1360.)
With English JTl's and Roman N's not barred.
67. Obv.— + 6CDWSKDVS . KGCX . SH6L' . Z . FE'Kdl
(stops, annulets). Bust facing, usual type;
arches above crown not fleured.
KM.— + POSVI . DGT . SDIVTOKecm — (IIVITSS
GCBOE^CCI (stops, annulets). Long cross
pattee, etc., usual type 5
68. Same, but reading £II6LI 1
69. Same, but reading FRSIICC 1
70. Same as No. 67, but reading FRSIICII ... 1
22
NUMISMATIC CHRONICLE.
M
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THE BALCOMBE FIND.
23
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NUMISMATIC CHRONICLE.
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THE BALCOMBE FIND.
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VOL. XVIII. THIRD SERIES.
NUMISMATIC CHRONICLE.
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THE BALCOMBE F1KD.
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THE BALCOMBE FIND.
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NUMISMATIC CHRONICLE.
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THE BALCOMBE FIND.
33
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VOL. XVIII. THIRD SERIES.
34
NUMISMATIC CHRONICLE.
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THE BALCOMBE FIND. 35
EICHAED II.
GROATS. - LONDON.
1. Obv.— + EldftED' . DI : GE£ : R6CX : £R6L' : Z .
FEARd' . (stops, saltires). Bust of king
crowned, facing; around, double tressure of
nine arches, all fleured.
Eev.—+ POSVI DOTS!* : SDIVTOEetfll : mGCV—
dIVITSS LOTCDOTC (stops, saltires). Long
cross pattee, three pellets in each angle. [PI.
V. 16] ....... 2
2. Same, but reading LONDON ..... 1
3. Same as No. 1. but reading FESRdHJ . . . 1
HALF-GROATS — LONDON.
4. Same type as No. 1, but legends —
Obv.— + EICCAED : DI ; GES : EGCX : SRSLIGC.
Mev.—+ POSVI DGCVm : SDIVTOEafll : JftetV—
dlVITSS LO"PID07L (stops, saltires). [PI.
V. 17] . . ..... 2
PENNIES — YORK.
Type. Obv. — Head of king, crowned, facing.
Rev. — Long cross pattee, three pellets in each angle.
5. obv.— + EldTCEDYS * EGCX * 7TR6LIQ: *.
Rev.— x aiVITTYS GCBOETVai. Quatrefoil . . I
6. Obv.— + EldTVEDVS ..... TVRGLia *.
Rev.— dlVITTTS GCBOETVai. Quatrefoil . 3
36 NUMISMATIC CHRONICLE.
8. Others of same work as above, i.e., the fine London
work, illegible 4
9. One of coarse work of York . 1
HALFPENNIES - LONDON.
Obv. — Same type. Rev. — Same type.
10. Obv.— + RldTVRD x EffX * 7VRGL.
Rev.— aiVITAS LORDOR ..... 2
11. Obv.— . . . 7YRD . RaX : 7VR6L.
Rev.— aiVITTVS LORDOR
SCOTTISH COINS.
ALEXANDER III.
PENNIES.
Obv.— + SLGCXSNDeCR DGCI GRS. Head in profile
to left with sceptre.
Rev.—+ RGCX SCOTORVM. Long cross pattee;
mullet in each angle ..... 2
Variety with two pellets in first quarter and one in
second quarter of the cross on the reverse 1
DAVID II.
PENNIES.
First Coinage.
Obv.— + DSVID D€CI GRftaiTlL (star after D6U).
Head in profile to left, with sceptre.
.— RaX SaOTTORVm. Long cross pattee, with
mullet in each angle ... .1
THE BALCOMBE FIND. 37
Second Coinage.
Obv.—+ DSVID . E6CX . SdOTOEVm (stops, sal-
tires). Head as on the preceding.
Rev, — VILLS eCDIRBVESf]. Long cross pattee, with
mullet pierced or cinquefoil in each angle . 3
EGBERT II.
PENNIES.
Obv.— + BOBffETVS EGCX SCtOTOE. Head in
profile to left ; before, sceptre.
Rev. — VILL5? eCDIRBVEGty. Long cross pattee, as
on the preceding ...... 2
Similar, but reading on rev. VILLA GCD (sic} PaKTty x 1
FOREIGN.
DENIERS ESTERLINGS.
John, Ct. of Hainault, A.D. 1280—1304.
Olv.— +i . aomeCS. l]SNONieC. Bust facing, crowned
with flowers.
Rev.—+ MGCLBODIGCNSIS (Maubeuge). Long cross
pattee, with three pellets in each angle . . 1
John the Blind, of Luxembourg, A.D. 1309 — 1346.
Obv.— + SlWSnffS DNS Z B6CVB. Bust facing,
crowned.
JRev.—+ LVaeCNBGGCNSIS (Luxembourg). Long
cross pattee, with three pellets in each angle . 1
A variety reading LOaeCNBGGCNSIS . . 1
From the descriptions given it will be seen that the
only gold coins in the hoard are nobles of Edward III,
38 NUMISMATIC CHRONICLE.
which belong to the third and fourth coinages of that reign.
Of the third coinage (1346) there is but one specimen
[PI. I., 1]. It varies somewhat from any example hitherto
published in reading on the obverse legend 1]B for tyYB, and
in having the letter in the central compartment of the
cross on the reverse unusually large and somewhat differ-
ently shaped from that illustrated in E-uding, PI. II., No. 2,
which is like another coin in the Museum, and also similar
to that recently sold in the Montagu Collection (Lot 409,
second sale). Owing to the scarcity of this coin, any
small varieties are worth noticing. The weight of the
coin in the hoard is only 3 '3 grains under the full
standard weight, being 126'7 grains as against 130 grains.
Besides the weight, it should be noticed that this noble
differs from those in the hoard of the next issue in having
English R's in the legends and by the stops being
saltires.
The nobles of the fourth coinage, eleven in number, in-
clude specimens of all the three periods into which that
issue has been divided, viz., (1) from 1351-1360, when
the title of King of France appears in the obverse
legend ; (2) from 1360-1369, when, in accordance with
the treaty of Bretigny, the title of France is omitted, and
that of Lord of Aquitaine substituted ; and (3) from
1369-1377, when, the treaty of Bretigny having been
violated, both titles were used.
The four nobles of the first period all differ from
Kenyon. Nos. 2 and 3 are similar to Kenyon 9, with
three ropes from the prow and stern of the ship, but vary
in reading rjIB for I]YB (No. 3), and I^d for Ir^S, and
meCDIVm for meCDIV on both specimens. The letter N
is barred in the obverse legend, but not barred in the
reverse one, of No. 2 ; but on No. 3 it is not barred on
THE BALCOMBE FIND. 39
either side. This peculiarity, though a small one, is
noted, as it is found on a large series of groats and half-
groats which occurred in this hoard, and which will be
described below. Both these coins have annulets as stops
between the words, which also show that they belong
to an early period of this coinage. Nos. 4 and 5 are
similar to Kenyon 2, except that there is only one rope
at the prow, the French arms in the first quarter of the
shield are seme de lis, and not three lis only, and there is
but one lis before and after and between the lions on the
side of the ship. The N's in both obverse and reverse
legends are not barred, and the stops are saltires. The
two coins, though very similar in type and legends, are,
however, from different dies.
The transition in type between the 3rd and 4th coinages
in gold was a gradual one. The distinctive marks of the
general gold coinage of 1351-1360 consist in the use of
Roman N's, barred or unbarred, and of annulets for
stops between the words of the legends. There are, how-
ever, certain pieces which must be assigned to the earliest
period of this issue. These have annulets for stops on the
obverse, and like the nobles of 1346, two saltires for stops
on the reverse. In the obverse legend the N's are Roman,
but on the reverse they are English (R). In some instances
too they are without the word SVTffJft in the reverse
legend, as in the coinage of 1346. These pieces can also
be easily identified by their extreme neatness of work and
by the letters of the legends being well-formed and small
in comparison with those of the later coins. Of the same
style of work are those nobles which have throughout
annulets for stops, but Roman N's and M's in the legend.
Another point of connection is the use of open E's and C's.
These nobles with Roman M's have their counterpart in
40 NUMISMATIC CHRONICLE.
the groats and half -groats described below (see under series
A of the early groats and half-groats) ; but of the other
varieties no similar silver coins except pennies have been
met with. It is therefore not improbable that the issue
of groats and half -groats did not commence immediately
on the change of the gold coinage in 1351, but that there
may have been a lapse of a few months.
These early nobles with the saltire stops must not be
confused with the two pieces (Nos. 4 and 5) described above.
The fabric of these two gold coins shows that they cannot be
placed very early in the series. They must therefore be con-
sidered as an exception, and as intervening between the
issues with the annulet stops. They have their counter-
part in the groats Nos. 12* and 13, which, possessing
peculiarities similar to those of the groats with the crown
m.m., cannot be placed very early in the series. Half-
groats are also known of this type.
Of the nobles struck between 1360-69, the second
period, there are six specimens in the find. They all
bear the Aquitaine title and not that of France, and
throughout in the legends the English H, and not the
Roman N, occurs, and the stops are saltires. One ex-
ample in this group (No. 6) is an unpublished variety
as having a single pellet instead of three, or an annulet,
at each angle of the compartment in the centre of the cross
on the reverse [PI. I. 2]. The quarter-noble of this variety
is fairly common, but no specimen of the half-noble has, so
far as we are aware, ever been met with, at least it has not
been published. Nos. 7 and 11 are slightly varied from
Kenyon 23, but Nos. 8-10 appear to be identical with
Kenyon 24.
Of the period 1369-1377, when both the French and
Aquitaine titles are found in the obverse legend, there is
THE BALCOMBE FIND. 41
but one noble. Like those of the previous period, the
letter n is of the English form, and the stops are saltires.
It varies only slightly from Kenyon 30 in reading SQVT
for ftQT, and in having no saltire after IBftT.
All the gold coins are in excellent condition, and in
consequence they are of nearly full weight. This small
find does not affect the chronological classification of the
nobles of Edward III, as generally accepted.
The series of groats and half- groats of Edward III are
perhaps the largest that have ever occurred in a single
hoard. By far the greater number belong to the first
coinage, that is, from 1351-1360, and they supply nume-
rous varieties hitherto unpublished. Hawkins, or rather
Kenyon, 3rd edition, though mentioning several varieties
as regards the type, yet only gives one form of obverse
legend, as occurring during this period ; GCDWARD . D . 6 .
BSX ftn0L . Z . FBftna . D-, RYE. The coins in the
hoard furnish four different readings or abbreviations of
the legend " Dei Gratia." On the earliest pieces it is
abbreviated into D . GRft, and on the later pieces into
D . 6., DI , 6., or D6CI , 6,, this being the possible
sequence in which they occurred on the coins* The minor
differences in the abbreviation of other words of the
legends, in the forms of the letters, whether Roman or
English, in the shape of the bust and in the position of the
stops, whether annulets or saltires, are very numerous, and
show that the output of the coins during the period of
1351-1360 must have been very extensive. Out of about
203 groats no less than 120 were selected for the National
Collection, all varying in some detail of more or less
importance. There were also varieties of specimens
already existing in the Museum. Besides that, there
were many small differences too insignificant to make the
VOL. XVII I. THIRD SERIES. G
42 NUMISMATIC CHRONICLE.
coins of sufficient importance for selection. It may,
therefore, be calculated that upwards of 150 different
pairs of dies or single dies have been used to strike the
groats alone which were contained in the hoard, and that
they were issued between 1351 and 1360, a period of nine
years only.
The early groats of 1351-1360 may be easily distin-
guished from those of later issues of this reign in having
throughout Roman N's in the legends, by the stops be-
tween the words being annulets, with the exception of a
few pieces, which have saltires, and by the obverse
legend containing the French as well as the Irish title,
FEANtt . DNS . I] YB ., and not that of Aquitaine. The
French title had been assumed by Edward III in 1338.
The groats of this period which were present in the
hoard are divided into five classes (A to E), each
varying somewhat from the other either in style, fabric,
or lettering.
Series A comprises those pieces which are of extremely
neat work and small lettering. The first coin classed to
this series has Roman M's in the legend on the reverse, and
open 6's throughout [PI. I. 3.] This form of M appears to
have lasted but a short time, as specimens are of extreme
rarity, and to have been quickly followed by others of the
same style, but with English SH's, and with the letter E
either open (e) or closed (6C).2 The title, " Dei Gratia "
is abbreviated to D . 6RS, and this particular form does
not again occur on any later groats of this reign. It
is, however, found on the so-called pattern groat of
Edward I, which in style strongly resembles the early
groats of Edward III. It may therefore be possible that
2 See above for description of nobles of this type.
THE BALCOMBE FIND. 43
this pattern groat was not after all struck by Edward I,
but by Edward III, and that it was intended for a coinage
previous to 135 1.3 A comparison of these early groats
with the nobles of similar style leaves no doubt as to the
position they should occupy chronologically.
Whether series B should precede series C, or imme-
diately follow it, may be left an open question. The chief
difference is that in one case the letter N is not barred,
and in the other it is barred. Both show early and later
styles of work, and appear to be nearly contemporaneous.
In order, however, not to divide the groats witb the
barred N's, as this is a characteristic of later issues, we
have in the list placed the coins with the unbarred N's
first.
The early pieces of series B resemble those of class A ,
whilst those of later style are similar in fabric to subse-
quent issues. They all read D . 6 ., and, with few excep-
tions, have annulets for stops between the words. The
exceptions are those which have annulets and saltires as
stops, or saltires only. Some have a single annulet after
each word [PL I. 4] ; others have two annulets ; whilst
others have an annulet surmounted by a mark of abbre-
viation. To the series with the unbarred N's belong those
pieces which have a lis on the King's breast, and also those
with the mint-mark a crown instead of a cross. The crown
mint-mark is also found on the nobles, and also the lis,
but the latter is placed in one angle of the cross on
the reverse, and generally above the lion's head. With
only a few exceptions, the arches above the crown on the
obverse are not fleured. The following are the more
special varieties which are found in this series of groats :
For further discussion of this question see p. 61,
44 NUMISMATIC CHRONICLE.
— (1) No. 8, has four pellets in the fourth angle of the
cross ; (2) No. 9, a small cross between the pellets in the
first angle of the cross; (3) No. 10, an annulet within the
pellets in the first angle [PL I. 5] ; (4) No. 11, same as No.
10, but with a pellet on either side of S in dIViT£S. This
last variety is also to be found on the half-groats and
pennies ; thus marking a simultaneous issue in all three
denominations. On a few specimens (No. 12*) the arches
above the crown are fleured, and as these have often
saltires for stops, they appear to be of somewhat later
issue than the non-fleured pieces. They are connected
with No. 11 in having a pellet on either side of "R in
aiVITSS. To an early period, also, should be ascribed
those coins which have the crown mint-mark, as they are
of early style, and have always annulets for stops. With
these are also connected the nobles with the same mint-
mark. The variety (No. 17) with mint-mark a crown, and
reading LOMDOM, also occurs on the penny.
The groats of series C are very uniform in type. They
all have, as above mentioned, the barred N ; the bar
which joins the two outer strokes running from right to
left, and not in the usual way, from left to right. These
groats are of two main varieties, one of which was notice-
able on only a few with the unbarred N's. These varie-
ties consist in the non-fleuring or fleuring of the arches
above the king's crown. According to the evidence of
this hoard the latter type appears to have been the
prevailing one. However, we cannot attach any import-
ance to this point, as these varieties occur in a more
or less degree in the subsequent classes of this issue.
This class shows a few varieties similar to those of class B.
No. 22 has an annulet in one angle of the cross on the
reverse, and there is one sometimes below the bust (No.
THE BALCOMBE FIND. 45
24) ; and No. 23 has a pellet on either side of S in
dlVITSS, a variety already remarked in class B.
Series D and E only vary from series C in reading
DI . 6 or DGCI . 6 respectively, instead of D . 6. Like
series C, they are of two varieties, viz., with the arches
above the crown either non-fleured or fleured. The stops
throughout are annulets, and the letter N is always
barred from right to left. A slight change is perceptible
in the general aspect of the bust ; the face is a little
larger and older, and the shoulders are, as a rule, more
square, and show more careful modelling. The work
generally is neat and sharp, and approaches in character
that of the coins of the next period.
The groats of York in the hoard are all of the early
style, and must be classed with those struck at London,
which are included in series B. They all read D . 6, have
the letter N not barred, the arches above the crown not
fleured, and the stops are annulets [PL II. 1]. As Hawkins
mentions only this type of York groats, and as none of
later work were met with in this find, we may conclude
that groats, as well as half-groats (see below) of this mint
belong only to the early part of the period 1351-1360.
Out of 230 groats of Edward III which occurred in
the hoard, 203 belong to the period of 1351-1360 alone.
Throughout the whole series the weight of the groat
shows great uniformity, the better specimens varying
from 71-5 grs. to 70 grs., and the rubbed ones from 68
grs. to 60 grs.
If we compare these early groats with the nobles of the
corresponding period, it will at once be seen that the
same characteristics are to be found in each class, each
issue of gold finding a parallel in the silver, and vice versd.
First there is the occurrence of the Roman M's and the
46 NUMISMATIC CHRONICLE.
open e's in the legends ; the two series with the unbarred
and barred N's ; the mark of the lis on the reverse ; the
crown mint-mark with the earlier type of lettering, and the
temporary introduction of the cross saltire as a stop instead
of the annulet, first on one face and then on both. In
addition, the same style of work characterises each issue.
The groats issued between 1360 and 1369, when the title
of France was omitted in the obverse legend, and that of
Aquitaine substituted, which were present in the hoard,
do not supply any varieties of importance. In the
inscription, except in the word " London," English R's
only are used, the stops are annulets, single or double on
the obverse, and saltires on the reverse, and all the arches
are fleured. There are groats of this class which have
the saltire stops on both sides (see PI. I. 7), but none were
in the hoard. Farther, these coins can easily be distin-
guished from those of the preceding period in being of
extremely neat work, the face of the king being larger,
and the shoulders being carefully modelled. The fleurs
to the arches are well formed, and the centre one in th<
crown of the king is somewhat smaller than previously.
There are also two varieties of the bust ; one has broad
shoulders and shows a distinct line of drapery, the other
is narrow with sloping shoulders, and has but very slight
traces of drapery.
The gold coins of this period do not tally so much with
those in silver as during the previous one ; and we do
not meet with so many corresponding varieties. The
legends are, however, similar so far as the king's titles
are concerned, and the R's are always English. The
stops, which form a distinctive mark in the last period,
are, on the gold pieces, always saltires, whereas on the
groats and half-groats we have a mixture of annulets
THE BALCOMBE FIND. 47
and saltires. We do not know of any gold pieces of this
period with annulet stops. There is, however, in the
general work of the two series some traceable similarity.
The groats of the third period (1369-1377) mark the
last issue of this reign. The only specimen of this class
described by Hawkins has the French, Irish, and Aquitaine
titles, as have also the gold coins of this time, 6CDW7VRD .
DI . 6 . EffX . 7VR6L . Z . F . DRS . I]YB . Z . TV . ; but those
in the hoard have the French title only [PI. II. 2]. This
particular variety has, however, been described in the
Numismatic Chronicle* Owing to the close resemblance of
these groats to those of Richard II, no doubt can exist as
to what period in the reign of Edward III they belong.
Comparing them with Richard's coins, we notice the
same neat style of work, the convexity of the obverse
type, the similarity of bust with but faint traces of
drapery, sometimes almost imperceptible, and the use of
saltires only as stops. The groats of this type in the
hoard differ from each other only in the more or less
abbreviated form of the word FRSndlGC, and in the
position of the stops between the words of the legends.
Referring again to the gold coins, it will be seen that in
this period there is a strong similarity between them and
the silver. There exists the same neatness of work, the
exclusive use of saltires as stops, and of English R's, and
also a strong resemblance in the portrait of the king.
There is, however, one peculiarity in the nobles which,
so far as we are aware, does not occur on the half and
quarter nobles, nor on any of the silver coins. This is in
the form of the letter A, which in one and the same legend
occurs as 7Y, ft, and JR. The recurrence of the V-shaped
Vol. xiii., 3rd Ser., p. 47.
48 NUMISMATIC CHRONICLE.
ligature of the A is remarkable, as the only series of this
reign where it is found again is on the nobles of 1344,
and nobles and half-nobles of 1345.
Throughout this and the previous period the weight of
the groat is well maintained, rising sometimes to quite
72 grs., the maximum weight. It is probable that the
output of coins during the last two periods was small as
compared with that of the first one, seeing that in the
hoard there were only 19 groats of the second and 8 of the
third, as against 203 of the first.
Turning to the half-groats, we see that those of the
early period, 1351-1360, fall fairly well into the same
groups as the groats. Those of series A correspond very
closely in style of work and lettering with the same series
of groats [PL II. 3 and 4] ; whilst the unbarred N
series (B) bears the same peculiarities as the groats of
the same type. The crown mint-mark also occurs in the
series of half-groats with the unbarred N's. Series C
appears to offer an intermediate type, having barred N's
on the obverse and N's not barred on the reverse. It
includes those pieces which have an annulet under the
king's bust and in one angle of the cross on the reverse.
[PL II. 6]. Groats of this variety are known, but none
were met with in the hoard. Series D corresponds with the
later issues of the groats (D and E) with barred N's on
both sides; but the absence of the words "Dei Gratia"
in the legend prevents our dividing them into precisely
similar groups. We have merely arranged them accord-
ing to the more or less abbreviated form of the title,
PRSNCCI6C, which appears to be less shortened on the
pieces of later style. The same variation in the bust is
also noticeable as in the later groats ; the arches above the
king's crown are either fleured or not fl cured, and the stops
THE BALCOMBE FIND. 49
throughout are annulets, and vary in number and posi-
tion. The general workmanship is also neat and sharp,
and approaches in style that of the next period.
Like the groats, the half-groats of York all belong to
the early period of 1351-1360. They have the unbarred
NX and annulets as stops. The specimens in the
hoard do not furnish any new varieties, and it need
scarcely be mentioned that throughout only the French
title occurs.
The half-groats of the second period (1360-1369) are
marked by the same neatness of style and workmanship
as the groats of the same date. They likewise correspond
in having annulets as stops on the obverse and saltires on
the reverse, and also in having English R's in the legends,
except in the name of the mint. Throughout, however,
the Aquitaine title is Wanting, and only that of Ireland
occurs in the obverse legend. In addition to the above
there were in the hoard two half-groats, which are of an
exceptional variety. They have the arch on either side of
the head terminating in an annulet instead of being fleured,
and the mint name of London has English R's. [PL II. 8.]
A groat of the same type, but not in the hoard, is figured
in PI. I, No. 8. Were it not that these groats have
only the Aquitaine title and not that of France, one
ight have been disposed to assign them to a date later
;han 1369. At all events, they must be assigned to quite
the end of the second period, and may be considered
almost as a transitional type between this and the third
period. The pennies which have two annulets at the side
of the mint-mark appear to belong to this issue (see
Pennies of London, No. 51).
There are no half-groats in the hoard which can be
ascribed with certainty to the third period (1369-1377).
VOL. XVIII. THIRD SERIES. H
50 NUMISMATIC CHRONICLE.
Three specimens, as illustrating this series, are figured on
PI. II. Nos. 9, 10, and 11. These it will be seen are of
the same fabric and style as the early half-groats of
Richard II, and, like the groats of this issue in the hoard,
have only the French title and not that of Aquitaine.
Many of the half- groats are of nearly full standard
weight, the better-preserved specimens averaging from
35-5 to 36 grs.
The groats and half- groats of Richard II do not present
any varieties not already described by Hawkins. The
groats resemble in style and fabric the last issue of the
previous reign, and the first two pieces noticed in the list
have the portrait very similar to that of Edward III.
The next two have what may be termed the intermediate
bust. The two portraits differ in the arrangement of the
hair and the shape of the bust ; the latter presenting a
more juvenile appearance.
The two half- groats, the only ones in the hoard, are
from the same dies.
The groats weigh from 72 grs. to 71 grs., and the half-
groats 36*5 grs. and 35 grs. respectively.
Although the gold and the larger silver coins give
considerable importance to this find, on account of their
number and varieties, yet the pence possess a much
fuller interest, as they present a much longer and much
more complete series than do the larger coins.
There were 50 specimens of pence usually attributed to
Edward I, and reading, GCDW ; 54 pence of Edward II,
reading 6CDW7T, 6CDW7VE, and 6CDW7TRD ; and 253 pen-
nies attributable to the time of Edward III, and 32 half-
pennies probably belonging to the same monarch. Of
Richard II there were ten York pence and 3 London
halfpence.
THE BALCOMBE FIND. 51
Of the three classes into which Hawkins divides the
coins of Edward I, only one, Class III., appears to form a
single group by itself. The two earlier classes may be
equally subdivided, and many varieties of bust and let-
tering are observable, but in the third class all the coins
seem to fall closely together. They are uniformly
smaller in size than the other coins. They present
closed GC's and very peculiar N's. This letter con-
sists of two strokes without a cross bar or connecting
link. It looks somewhat like two small modern Fa, of
course without the dots. We mention this type particu-
larly, as it is most characteristic of the group, and we
have not found it on any other coin.
Among the pence of Edward I only one piece is worth
more than the passing notice given it in the list, viz., the
very rare coin of London with a rose on the breast
[PL III. 1]. This is quite a different object from the star
of Class III. The &'s are double-barred and the GC's are
closed. The variety occurs only at London and Canterbury
[PI. III. 2] ; the coin from the latter mint not being
represented in the find.
The coins of Edward II bearing the longer readings of
the king's name also call for but little mention. The two
reading Edward — one of London, the other of Bury St.
Edmunds — are of precisely similar workmanship, and
indeed all the coins bearing this name, and not attribu-
table to Edward III, belong to this group. One Can-
terbury coin (No. 28) may be noticed in the list as reading
ffDWE E. Possibly the moneyer may have left out the
7T. The coin itself is of later workmanship than the 6CDW
coins. All the pieces referable to the first two Edwards
were in a very bad condition, and had evidently seen
good service before they found their long resting-place.
52 NUMISMATIC CHRONICLE.
The later coins were in better condition, though none of
them were really fine. Many were badly struck, and the
list shows clearly the absence of many letters and stops,
which can only have been due to this cause.
Passing from the earlier kings to Edward III, we must
discuss the period of what may be called the intermediate
types. The first coin to claim attention in this class is the
penny reading Edw. Bex (No, 31). Only one specimen was
present in the find, but it is interesting in perhaps helping
the attribution of the whole group to which it belongs. It
is placed at the head of the list of Edward III. As we
propose to discuss the position of this and the succeeding
groups at some length, we shall, for the present, confine
ourselves to pointing out any peculiarities worthy of
notice in the individual coins of the find.
The group marked A, of London, Durham> and York,
is an interesting and unusually large one. The three
mints all show the same workmanship, though there are
numerous differences in detail. The earliest coin of the
group is perhaps No. 34. This gives a head almost exactly
like that on some of the early halfpence in the hoard, and
the legend in letters corresponding with those on the florin.
The subsequent coins, in addition to this lettering, also give
a head corresponding with that on the gold coins. The
king's name reads Edw and Edwa, though the latter reading
only occurs on the London pence. Variations maybe noticed
in the formation of the letter N. This is sometimes Roman
in shape and barred either way, and sometimes English.
Annulets will also be noticed on some as stops. It should
also be observed that the coins, even if only in fair preserva-
tion, always exhibit some traces of clothing on the bust.
There were 17 London coins of this type, 1 of Canterbury,
3 of Durham, and 1 of York. The two pieces of Durham
THE BALCOMBE FIND. 53
reading VILL7I DVBEffJft are of considerable importance,
as they show the earlier and later obverse readings, com-
bined with an identical reverse from the same die. The
earlier obverse inscription, it will be seen, has the 6CDW
legend, and ends YB ; whereas the later one ends EGCX
AN6.
The pennies struck at the three mints and dating from
1351, group B, agree with the groats and half-groats, and
are classified on the same principle. We have representa-
tives from all three mints of each period, viz., before,
during, and after the Treaty of Bretigny. In consequence
however, of the small size of the pence, the full legend
never appears upon them. " Edwardus Rex Angli, or
Anglie," with an occasional dp following, are the legends
found in the first period at London and Durham. The
same legends characterise the contemporary York coins,
but in one instance we get in addition " Edward Rex Angl
:P Fra " (No. 92). In group C, during the continuance of
the treaty, the only legend is "Edward Angl R Dns Hyb."
The Durham coins retain the old legend with the new
bust and new lettering, while on those of York we get
both legends.
In class D, which consists of five coins only, two of Lon-
don and three of Durham, two of the latter being from
the same dies, we have a new and unpublished group. They
have been carefully noted in the list. " Edwar," with a
mark of abbreviation or a comma above the R, " Anglie
Dns Hib," is the legend, with saltires as stops. The
cross mint-mark seems to have two small annulets just
above it. The bust is figured on PI. V. 4, and resembles
that on the half-groat on PL II. 8. The obverse type of
the Durham pieces is the same as on the London ones,
and the legends are also the same. The reverse gives the
54 NUMISMATIC CHRONICLE.
reading " Civitas Dorelme." The pence, therefore, belong
to that curious and rare coinage of Edward III, of which
the groats, none of which were discovered in this hoard, and
half-groats, have annulets at the sides of the head [PL I.
8 and II. 8]. The legends on all these denominations are
unusual. They all give the name of the king as "Edwar."
Curiously enough, the " r " in " Edwar." on the pennies
must serve a double purpose, unless we are to suppose that
the English title of " Rex " is left out. The two Durham
pence are from the same dies on both sides ; and there is
another Durham penny with the usual obverse, which
also has its reverse from the same die as those above
described. These London and Durham pence of group D,
besides being of much interest intrinsically, are important
as showing the character of the find. Coins struck from
the same dies, or mules between two coinages, must always
have been issued within short intervals of each other, and
we may therefore conclude that finds where coins of this
description are present, probably represent mintages of
very closely allied periods.
In the last class of Edward Ill's coins, viz., group E,
the most interesting as the least-known of the reign,
there are pieces from all three mints. The workman-
ship on all is identical, and is very much better than the
work in the earlier periods. The coins, however, are
very often badly struck. The London coins give the
legend " Edwardus Rex Anglie," and crosses are found
as stops. On the king's breast may be observed a cross on
some pieces, and an annulet on others. The Durham coins
present the same legend, and in one case the legend ends
" Angl. Z Fr.} Both these varieties are found on the York
pieces and two new ones in addition, "Edwardus Rex Anglie
Et" and "Edward DiGra"; what follows is probably
THE BALCOMBE FIND. 55
" Rex Anglie." The cross and annulet are found on the
king's breast, and also the lis. It must be borne in mind
that this is the first time that any large number of coins of
this late group has been found, and although reference to
such a group was made in the Chronicle for 1893, yet
this is the first opportunity of ascertaining anything
like the characteristics of the group, whether groats or
pennies. There were no half-groats or little coins belong-
ing to this group in the find. The halfpence in the find
are all to be attributed to the third Edward, and all except
one to the period before 1351. There are no halfpence
resembling the coins of Groups B, D, and E, and only one
which allies itself with the pence of Group C, the treaty
period. It is No. 131 in the list, where its characteristics
speak for themselves. Two varieties of halfpence appear
in the earlier groups, one with stars in the legend, which
form a group by themselves, and do not resemble any
other coins we have ever seen. The other with a short
fat head and pellets, either beside it or in the reverse
field, or in both situations, greatly resembles the coin
struck in early times. They are Nos. 127-130, in the
list.
The York pence of Richard II call for but the most
trifling mention. Those of the London mint resemble
most minutely the coins of his grandfather of Group E.
The London halfpence in the same way conform to
Edward Ill's late coins, no examples of which were
found at Balcombe.
We must now leave the find as such, and its individual
coins, to refer to a much larger subject, viz., the whole
silver coinages of Edward III. "We shall during this
discussion refer frequently to the find, also to papers in
the Chronicle and elsewhere, and to coins derived from
56 NUMISMATIC CHRONICLE.
other sources than the Balcombe find. Edward III came
to the throne in 1327, and for a short time at least, we
must suppose that coins were struck from dies prepared
for and used by Edward II.
Among these latter coins there are some reading "Edwar.
E,. Angl. Dns. Hyb.," which come from the mints of London,
Canterbury, Durham, York, and Bury St. Edmunds, and
which differ from those coins of Edward II of the same
mints, in having English R's, whereas all the others have
Roman N's of some sort. The Canterbury and Bury St.
Edmunds' coins we have not seen, but they were present in
the Montrave hoard, and are described by Burns in his
account of the find in his book on Scottish coins. The
other coins of London, Durham, and York are represented
in private collections, and those of Durham and York are
described and figured by Hawkins, Nos. 302 and 303,
Plate XXIII. The n of DRS on figure 302, a coin in the
British Museum, is misdrawn, a better specimen from the
same die shows the letter to be an English R. On the
coins of this type which we have seen we have observed
pellets separating the words, and the coins from these mints
are all of the same general type and workmanship. The
Durham coin is probably the key to the classification. It
bears in the centre of the reverse a small crown, and it
reads DVRGCLMI. The Bishops of Durham during Ed-
ward IFs reign were Bishop Beck, Bishop Kellow, and
Bishop Beaumont. Bishop Beck's cross moline, both in
Edward Fs and Edward IFs reigns, satisfactorily dis-
tinguishes this prelate's coins. Bishop Kellow's mark, a
bent crozier, may also be said to be satisfactory, and
certainly the lion and lis of Beaumont on the Durham
coins must mark the mintage of that descendant of Eng-
lish and French royalty, Bishop Beaumont. There seems,
THE BALCOMBE FIND. 57
then, no place during the reigns of Edward I and II for
this crown-marked penny of Durham, and yet it is of the
general style of Edward II. It appears, therefore, to fit
well in the place to which we propose to assign it, viz., to
the earliest issue of Edward III, and we believe it to
have been struck by Bishop Beaumont on the accession of
the new monarch in 1327, or shortly after. The crown
in the centre of the reverse still carries out the idea of
royalty, as did the lion and lis mint-mark.5 This bishop
died in 1333. Having come to these conclusions as
regards this Durham coin, our next step was to follow up
the clue of the English H and pellet stops on coins, which
would otherwise have been given to Edward II on
account of the legend. We were happily lucky enough to
find the London and York pieces both of them bearing
the same legend and peculiarities of lettering and stops.
Then the description of the Montrave hoard helped us to
two more mints, Canterbury, which we suspected, and Bury
St. Edmunds, which on first sight seemed to upset our
theory, as on viewing Edward Ill's mints, we had never
taken coins of this place into account. Here, however, we
were again successful'm finding an indenture to fit the coin
exactly. Ruding refers to a riot at the Abbey of Bury St.
Edmunds in 1327, Edward Ill's first year. During the
riot an accident befell the dies, and the king ordered a
new die for the Abbey. The Montrave coins must clearly
have been struck at this time, as they agree with the
Durham pieces, and also with those of the other mints,
and thus, from the coins themselves, and from the inden-
ture of Bury St. Edmunds, we have been able to identify
5 The reading DVRGCLMI bears out this idea, as the coins
of Edward I and II never read in this manner, but DVBdMd
or
VOL. XVIII. THIRD SERIES.
58 NUMISMATIC CHRONICLE.
the very earliest coinage of Edward III. These pieces
are figured on PL III., 11, 12, 13.
It may be noticed that Reading is not included among
these mints. At this early time we should not expect to
find coins struck at Reading. Edward II withdrew the
privilege of coinage from the abbots, and it was not until
1338 that Edward III restored to them the right of
coinage. There were no coins of this mint found at
Balcombe.
The next class of coins to which we must refer is the
class of pence bearing the legend " Edw. Rex.," &c.
These are only found of the London mint. They form a
little group by themselves, and differ from the coins of
any other mint. The head [PL III. 14, 15, and PL IV.
1, 2], is a short compact one, with a flat crown and
drapery about the bust. The lettering is small and
compact, and considerable care has been shown in the
workmanship. The 6's and C's, as a rule, are open,
though we have seen coins with closed 6C's and CC's.
The N's are, as a rule, Roman, but here also we can point
to coins of this type with English R's. The letter X
is very curiously represented on many, as shown in
Plate III. No. 15. It consists of two lines crossed, so
as to form a letter with irregular limbs. This X does not
occur on all the pieces, but on a good many. Several of
these pence bear pellets between the words as stops. The
reverse shows the same careful, neat work as the obverse,
and the circles on both sides are found to be composed of a
number of fine diamond-shaped dots, placed very close
together. The coins at present are attributed to Ed-
ward I, and for the following reasons : — 1, they read
" Rex," as the last coinage of Henry III ; 2, they read
" Edw.," as other coins of Edward I ; 3, they have a
THE BAI.COMBE FIND. 59
bust like that on some other coins attributed to Edward I,
chiefty on account of the spelling " Edw." ; 4, they are of
heavy weight ; and, 5, they have been found with coins
of Edward I. The class is such a very peculiar one, and
one bearing so little resemblance to any other, that
we must place it at the beginning or end of the reign of
an Edward. Now the coins of Edward I and II are so
very much alike, and show such close resemblance to each
other in general style of workmanship, that we can at
once eliminate the end of Edward I and the beginning
of Edward II as possible periods to which to assign these
pieces. We have left, the beginning of Edward I and
the end of Edward II and beginning of Edward III.
We have already stated the reasons which have been given
for assigning those pieces to Edward I. When we come
to consider that if coins of Edward I they must be his
earliest issue, we are met by a number of quite irreconcil-
able facts. 1, the style of the coins is not in the
least like those of Henry III., which immediately pre-
ceded them— it is, indeed, less like it than any other class of
Edward I penny ; 2, the lettering is equally unlike that
on Henry Ill's coinage. It has been stated that Henry
Ill's last coinages bear occasionally English R's which
recur on some of these pieces. We have never seen an
English R on the long-cross coinage, nor anything ap-
proaching it. We have seen two instances of an ty which
may have been mistaken for an R in the names 10 iy, and
lOty'SON, but in these two instances the mark of abbre-
viation, as well as the form of the letter, at once shows
it to be ty not R. AN or N are the missing letters. We
therefore decline to admit the English H argument in
favour of these being Edward I's earliest coinage, but
look on the fact as negative evidence. The legend
60 NUMISMATIC CHRONICLE.
" Edw.," the heavy weight, and the reading " Rex," are
all arguments which may be used, and will be used, by us
as referring these coins to Edward Ill's very early years.
One further argument, however, is worth mentioning as
against their being Edward I's initial coinage. The
coins are only known of the London mint. Edward's
first indenture, dated 1271, provides for sterlings to be
struck in London, Canterbury, Bristol, and York. We
know fairly well that the die-engraving was all done in
London, thereby securing uniformity of issue. We have
no coins of the country mints at all resembling these
Edw. Bex. coins, though there are many London coil
quite indistinguishable from the country mint issues, til
the name on the reverse is noted.
Having, we hope, successfully shown that this group
" Edw. Bex." coins cannot belong to Edward I, we pro-
pose to show, equally successfully we hope, that Edward
III was accountable for the issue. The weight argument,
and these coins are all heavy ones, will not enter much
into the discussion, as it was not until Edward Ill's
eighteenth year that it was altered, so that a penny weigh-
ing 22 grs, might have been issued at any time betwe
1272 and 1345. The name « Edw." and the "Bex.3
legend both occur, and commonly, on Edward Ill's coin-
ages. The same may be said for the open 6 and C
the English H. The pellets between the words, a sij
as Mr, A. J, Evans 6 shows, of lengthening the legend am
therefore, of the lateness of the coin, point also in the same
direction. The style of the coin also approaches to that
of Edward Ill's coins of later work ; indeed, it is in many
cases difficult to distinguish between the two when only
the reverse is looked at. As regards finds, these " Edw.
6 Num. Chron., N.S., vol. xi., p. 271.
THE BALCOMBE FIND. 61
Rex " coins have been in every instance, it is true, found
along with Edward I's coins, but in every case except
one (that of Northampton), coins of Edward III have
formed part of the hoard as well. In the Northampton
hoard, Mr. Neck tells us that only coins reading " Edw."
were found, but he does not particularise these minutely,
and in the days of that find coins of Edward III reading
"Edw." were given to Edward I, so that even in this
instance we may have had present late Edward coins.
Though these " Edw. Bex " pence bear a much closer
resemblance to Edward Ill's pennies than to the pence of
any other monarch, yet there is still another group of
Edward coins to which they bear a still greater resem-
blance ; we refer to the so-called pattern groats of Ed-
ward I. Between these and the "Edw. Rex." pennies
there is a resemblance which is most striking. All the
peculiar letters, G's, C's, n's, and X's reappear on the large
coins. The presence of the very curious X is a point well
worthy of notice as showing the closeness of relationship
between the two groups. The H's and N's in conjunc-
tion on the groats unite the two groups of pennies where
they occur separately. The pellet stops on the groats
again, usually three between the words, are reproduced
on some of the pennies, where, however, only two are
used. One other point of interest is the comparison
of the legend tylERCC on the groats with the word tylBR
on the so-called pattern penny of Edward III. This is
of the same type and workmanship as the other " Edw.
Rex " coins. Why the two known examples of the piece
should be assigned to Edward III and the commoner coins
to Edward I has been a puzzle to us, as these pence differ only
in the obv. legend. The last point of connexion between
groats and pence to which we shall refer, is the similarity
62 NUMISMATIC CHRONICLE.
of busts — we meet with the same head on both series.
Haying now fairly fully discussed the connection between
these two classes of coins, we must refer in a little more
detail to the larger coins, the groats. The legend seems to
be nearly always the same : +6DWSRDVS i DI ; GRS'
RGX i SR6L' : : DN'S ^IBRG (or tylBniff) DV# ftQVT
LORDORIS . CIVI. The head is in the centre of a four-
sided tressure ; the breast is fleured with a rose or trefoil,
or perhaps unornamented ; at each side of the head is a
small ornamental flower, cinquefoil or rose ; this also is
not constant, and the little flowers outside the tressures,
four in number, vary in different specimens. The king's
crown also presents a slight variety on some examples.
The tressure again is generally composed of three lines,
but an example with two lines is known. The usual cross
and pellets appear on the reverse. The cross ends are
usually ornamental, and the ornaments vary on different
coins. The majority of these coins are not in good state,
and show considerable signs of wear. A considerable pro-
portion have been gilt. The weight of different specimens
varies considerably.
We have been at some trouble in discussing these groats
fully because we believe that they are neither patterns nor
that they belong to Edward I's time. The relationship to
the pence bears out the latter statement. The number of
variations in the dies and the worn condition of many
of the coins negative the pattern theory. The variation
in weight must not be laid too much stress on, as occa-
sionally even the smaller coins are considerably in excess
of their proper weight. We can mention a Berwick
penny attributed to Edward II which weighs 30 grains,
about 8 grains over weight although worn ; also a New-
castle penny preserved in the National Collection, which
THE BALCOMBE FIND. DO
weighs 25 grains. There is nothing in the nature of
patterns about these coins, nor is there really about the
groats or " Edw Rex " pence.
The only instance of finding one of these coins that we
can recall is that described in Hawkins, where a groat
was found with some forty common groats of Edward III
and Henry Y and YI near Drogheda.
Leaving this most interesting group we must now
mention another, consisting of pennies and half -pennies
with very marked characteristics. A large crowned bust
with bushy hair is represented on the obverse and the
usual cross and pellets on the reverse. The central lis
of the crown is proportionately very large. The letter-
ing also is large and ornamental and very well executed.
The mints from which these pieces were issued are
London, Canterbury, York, Durham, and Reading [see
PL IY. 4-13]. The first and last mints also issued
half-pence. The group has been referred to many
times in the pages of the Chronicle and in vol. xiii,
third series, 1893, an attempt was made to sum up the
evidence in reference to these coins. It was there shown
that all Edward Ill's mints were represented in this
type of coin, and that no others so far had been discovered
which could by any possibility belong to another king.
The weight question was gone into, and here again it was
shown that the coins of this type were heavier both indi-
vidually and collectively than the ordinary well-known
coins of Edward III. Compared, however, with coins of
Edward I and II, they were rather lighter. A resem-
blance between coins of this type, both for bust, lettering,
and general work, and the gold florin and first noble was
also traced out. Finally the date of the Reading inden-
ture, and the fact that the half-pence were contemporary
64 NUMISMATIC CHRONICLE.
with the pence, were used to show approximately the date
of the whole issue. The conclusions which followed were
that these coins were issued in the earlier years of Edward
III, some time before 1338, the date of the Reading
indenture, and that they were continued till about 1345,
when an alteration took place in the gold coinage. The
average weight of about 21 grains was shown to have
fitted in well with the period under consideration. Since
the date of the before-mentioned article nothing has
happened to cause any alteration in the attribution of
these pieces. The Balcombe hoard, however, has thrown
the whole group into prominence by the number of speci-
mens of this coinage which were found and by the varie-
ties connecting it with the later coinage of Edward III.
Specimens from the mints of London, York, Durham, and
Canterbury were present, that of Canterbury very rare
and in good condition, and those of Durham, though
perhaps not quite so rare, much more interesting. Two
pennies of this mint were found, the reverses from the
same die, reading x VILLft * DVBKffStt, with an annulet
in the centre of the cross and between each group of
pellets in its angles [see Nos. 58 and 59, and PI. IV.
10]. The obverses, however, are from different dies.
One belongs to the earlier type and the obverse legend
ends YB, whereas the other reads EGCX 7VR6 and
is of the later workmanship. With these coins be-
fore us it is impossible to make any other attribution
than to Edward III, and therefore we may feel sure
that the earlier sages in numismatic lore were correct
in their opinion when they gave the class of coins which
we propose to call the Florin type to Edward III.
It is to be noted that many of these coins bear
annulets as stops and that there is a very large sprink-
THE BALCOMBE FIND. 65
ling of English R's mixed with examples of the Roman N
variety.
The Durham coins above referred to have the earliest
form of reverse which was used on the later pence of
Edward III, that group which was struck in accordance
with the terms of the 1351 indenture. These coins
have an annulet between the pellets in each quarter of
the reverse, they also have crosses as stops, so that both
these characteristics may be expected on the early 1351
coinage. In the Balcombe find there were pence of
London and York and Durham of the 1351 type all
with crosses as stops. London also issued pence with
annulets on the reverse ; but, so far as we know, none
exist from the provincial mints.
The coinage of 1351 then resembles the earlier coinages
in general type, and there are many varieties of bust which
connect these coinages. The more marked characters are
that the bust is smaller and more compact, and wears a
smaller crown. The lettering is smaller and more com-
pact and the legend is longer. Generally it reads
ffDWTVRDVS RSX 7VNGLI or TVNGLiec, and occasionally a
2 is added. In one or two rare instances, however, the
legend SDWARD RSX 7CNGL Z FR7Y or FB has been
noted on pence of the 1351 type minted at York [Nos.
92, 93]. As a rule the coinage bears a single annulet
as a stop, though this rule is broken on a York coin,
where there are two annulets dividing the words and
connecting the coinage with the one that follows it.
The reverse, as remarked above, bears in some instances
annulets between the pellets or there may be an annulet
only in one quarter ; and we have also noticed, though very
rarely, a small cross between the pellets in one quarter (see
Groat No. 9 in list). The N's in all instances except one
VOL. XVIII. THIRD SERIES. K
66 NUMISMATIC CHRONICLE.
are Roman and are barred either way or are unbarred, as
on the groats or half-groats. The York coin before
mentioned, with double annulets between the words, has,
however, English H's, which again connect it with the
coinage of 1360. The Jft when it does occur, and this is
only on Durham coins, is, with two exceptions known to
us, English, thus HZ ; in the two cases, however, the name
is spelt DVE6CKQ;. One of these coins has the crown,
the other the cross pattee mint-mark, so that if a mis-
take, it is curious that it should have taken place on two
different coins. The crown mint-mark connects it with
the nobles and London groats, half-groats, and pennies.
The letter X is the only other letter worth men-
tioning, and the only reference that will be made to
it, is to point out that it does not resemble the cross
pattee mint-mark placed on its side, but is a genuine
letter X. Occasionally there are marks found on the
king's breast in this coinage. We have noted an annulet
on the London and Durham coins and a saltire cross on
those of York. Of other ornaments, it is just sufficient to
point out that the York coins in nearly all cases bear a
quatrefoil in the centre of the reverse, its absence is most
unusual. The crozier, too, of Durham must receive a
passing notice. It is of the rounded variety and occurs
turned to the right before CIVI. Two coins are known
of Durham with a half annulet over each shoulder of the
king [PI. V. 15]. The name on the Durham coins of
of 1351—1360 is written DVKecmff, DVNGXmi or
In 1360 the Treaty of Bretigny was concluded with
France, and one provision was that Edward III should
no longer call himself King of France. This was given
effect to on the coins by the omission of the name of
THE BALCOMBE FIND. 67
France from among the king's titles. Though the omis-
sion was general and for all types of coin, both gold and
silver, the filling up of the space left by the omission was
not uniform. On the large coins the title of Duke of
Aquitaine was used, and this we get on the nobles, half-
nobles, and groats. On the half-groats and pence and half-
pence, however, only the Irish title was used to replace the
French where it occurred. The coins, therefore, which
were struck while the treaty was in force between 1360
and 1369, read etDWTVRD DI or D€CI GBft EGCX
TTRGLlff DRS 1}YB Z TOT for the larger pieces, ffDWTODVS
RaX 7YR6L DRS f]YB for the half-groats and 6CDW7VRD'
7VHSL B DRS HYB for the pence. Besides the change
of legend the bust was altered. It was made smaller and
more compact, and, perhaps, somewhat older looking.
There is also to be noticed a considerably different treat-
ment of the various features, crown, hair, etc. The
legend is in smaller letters, the R's are invariably English
except in the word LONDON, where they are always
Roman on the groats, nearly always on the half-groats,
and sometimes on the pence, and very rarely, if ever, on
the half-pence.
One letter of the legend is very generally a typical one,
viz., the letter X. This is, as has been referred to before
(see p. 58), almost precisely like the mint-mark cross pattee
turned on its side. It occurs on all the coins from nobles
to half-pence, and seems almost entirely to have replaced
the earlier form of letter. Stops are always placed between
the words, and the rule is to find two annulets thus § on
the obverse. Crosses in saltire are used in the same way
as stops on the reverse.
The coins of this period were struck chiefly in London.
At Durham and York, however, there were pence struck
00 NUMISMATIC CHRONICLE.
during this time, and the only Calais coinage of Edward's
reign was struck to correspond with this London mintage.
This consists of nobles and half-nobles, in gold, and
groats, half- groats, pence, and half-pence in silver. We
know of no quarter-noble, and confess that we should be
at a loss how to distinguish it from the London coinage.
The above description applies to a very large majority
of the treaty coins. There are a few, however, and very
few indeed, which must by their legends take their place
within the time during which the treaty remained in
force, and which yet have no characters in common with
the treaty pieces. The coins referred to are groats, half-
groats, and pence, and it will be seen that they connect
the treaty coins with the coins issued after the abrogation
of the agreement.
In general type the coins resemble the usual coins
of Edward III. The groat, to take the largest first,
gives a new bust of the king, which can be better appre-
ciated by a glance at its picture [PL I., No. 8.], than by
any words of description. The obv. legend is 6CDW7TE
DGCI 6 E6CX TO6L' DRS I]IBn =P 7UIQ, or t}YB d? TTd.
There are crosses between the words, sometimes one, and
in some cases two. There is a large annulet on each side
of the crown, which occupies the point of the tressure
instead of the lis. The reverse does not vary from the
coins previously described. The N's in London are Koman
and the stops are crosses. These groats are extremely
rare. We do not know of more than six or seven. None
were found at Balcombe.
The half-groat corresponding with this groat is also
known, and is still rarer than the groat ; two were
found at Balcombe, and three were known before. A
representation is given of it on PI. II., No. 8. The annu-
THE BALCOMBE FIND. 69
lets occupy the same position as on the groats. There are
only seven arches to the tressure. The obv. legend is
SDW7TED E6CX TmGLiet DRS tylB with crosses between
the words. The reverse is the usual one, but the N's in
London are English. This coin is mentioned in-ZV. C.,
N.S., xi., p. 96, in a foot-note. Pence corresponding with
these larger coins were unknown until the Balcombe
discovery, when two London and two Durham coins came
to light. They all present a bust very like that on the
half-groat, and there appears to be an annulet on each
side of the cross mint-mark. Little crosses are used as
stops.
The legend on the obverse face of all these is SDWTVE
finSLiec DRS f]IB. It will be noticed that the king's title,
E&X, is omitted. Since the Balcombe find, the York
penny of the same type has been brought to our notice.
The obverse legend begins €CDW7tRD, thus corresponding
with the half-groats.
Leaving these transitional coins, we must now pass to
the last group in Edward Ill's reign, and these coins
have, in a way, prepared us for expecting some consider-
able differences. The Treaty of Bretigny having been
broken in 1369, Edward resumed his French title, and
particular care seems to have been taken that it should be
well in evidence on the coins. The first coin we must
refer to, as belonging to this late period, is the groat in
the National Collection bearing all four titles in the
obverse legend, SDW7VED DI 6 E6CX 7TO6L Z P DRS
1}YB 2 7T. This has crosses between the words on both
sides, and is the only groat mentioned by Hawkins as
belonging to the late period. There are, however, groats,
half-groats, and pence to be attributed to the late period
quite unknown to Hawkins, and it is to these that the
70 NUMISMATIC CHRONICLE.
Balcorabe hoard owes its great interest, as many groats and
pence were found there. The first mention of this coinage
is in the Paper on Edward III, N.C., 3rd series, vol. xiii.
p. 47. All the coins in this group have a bust closely
resembling that used on Richard IPs coinage. The stops
are nearly always crosses. In many cases marks of con-
traction are used on the larger coins, and in several we
have noticed two little pellets just above the central fleur
of the crown. The obv. legend on the groats is 6CDW7YED
DI 6E7V EdX 7H76L Z FETOdieC or FETTOd. The
usual legend is found on the reverse. The N's, except in
London, are English, in this word they are Roman.
The half- groats are much rarer than the groats, and
present the 'same general characters. That described in
1893, and figured here in PI. II., No. 10, reading dDWTVED
DI 6E7V EffX 7VR6L Z FE, still presents a unique legend
for the half-groats. The others read dDWfiEDVS EffX
7VR6L E FETVnd or FEfid, and are shown in PI. II.,
Nos. 9 and 11. These half-groats bear a most marked
resemblance to those of Richard II [see PI. V. 17].
Indeed, it is only by the name that they can be at all
distinguished.
The pence of this coinage were struck at London, York,
and Durham, and a very considerable number will be
noticed in the list of the Balcombe find. They present
the same features as the larger coins — the Richard bust,
crosses between the words, and the common addition of
the French title. This for pennies was previously very
rare. English N's in the legend, and generally Roman
N's in London, are found.
The London pennies give the legends : —
1. dDWTTEDVS * EdX TYRGLId. Cross on king's breast.
LOTCDOTC.
THE BALCOMBE FIND. 71
2. eO)W7raDxEG:X*7mGL xZFE* dlVITTVS LOTCDOTC.
3. 6CDW7IED x E x 7T06L x Z x FETOd. Annulet on king's
breast. CCIVITfiS LOKDOTC.
Coins of this description are figured in PL V., Nos. 2, 3,
and 5.
The Durham pieces closely resemble the London ones
in type and legends. We have not, however, met with
one reading FETfRCC, though FE occurs.
These pennies all seem to read DVHOLStt or DVTCOLSR,
just as do the rare Durham pence of Richard II. They
also have a crozier of peculiar form to the left, as described
by Sir John Evans in his account of the Neville's Cross
hoard, N.C., 3rd series, vol. ix. p. 316. One of these coins
is well shown in N.C., series iii., vol. xiii., PL VI., No.
14. These are to be considered the latest of all the Dur-
ham pennies of Edward III, and were struck by Bishop
Hatfield.
The York pieces correspond accurately with those of
London and Durham, though here again we have not met
with the full reading of the French title. A lis or cross
and an annulet are occasionally found on the king's
breast. Two coins of this period are very interesting.
One reads SDWTTED DI 6E7V ESX TVOGLIGC, an example
of which, from Balcombe, is shown in PL V., No. 10, and
the other ends the obverse legend with 6CT in place of
the usual Z (No. 112). These pieces were known to us
before the Balcombe discovery, and the find adds one of
each variety to the previously solitary examples.
We must, before finishing our remarks on Edward Ill's
coins, take some notice of the little pieces, half-pence and
farthings. These were probably issued to correspond with
the larger pieces. The half-pence, struck before 1351,
correspond with the florin- type pence in the lettering and
72 NUMISMATIC CHRONICLE.
in the general style of the head. There are also coins
which may be attributed to the treaty period, and on
which the peculiar X is visible. Moreover, there are some
half-pence bearing the name of Edward, which closely
resemble Richard II's coinage. Having thus far indicated
the possibilities of classification, we feel that we cannot
go further, as the half-pence are, as a rule, very ill struck
and much worn. The case with the farthings is still
worse. They are rare, and, like the half-pence, in poor
condition. However, all three Edwards seem to have used
the same legend. We prefer, therefore, not to make
remarks on these little coins till the time arrives, when, by
fresh discoveries, these pieces can be satisfactorily dis-
cussed.
It only remains for us to notice the few coins in the
hoard which are not English. These are the Scottish
pennies and the deniers esterlings of the Low Countries.
The occurrence of these coins in finds made in England
is not uncommon. The few Scottish pieces extend over
almost the whole period of the English ones, the reigns of
Alexander III to Robert II being contemporaneous with
those of Edward I to Richard II. These pennies are all
of the ordinary type. The deniers esterlings. which are
only copies of the Edwardian type, are of Hainault (Mau-
beuge) and Luxembourg. Those of John the Blind are
but imitations of Edward Ill's pennies, for they bear the
latter's name in a blundered form. These two coins were
probably struck before John became king of Bohemia,
and it is possible that they may be specimens of the
money called lusshebournes, which Ruding (vol. i. p. 222)
tells us merchants brought into this country.
H. A. GRUEBER.
L. A. LAWRENCE.
III.
TICKETS OF VAUXHALL GAEDENS.
(See Plates VI.— VIII.)
THE metallic tickets of Vauxhall Gardens are not the
least attractive, and are certainly among the rarest, relics
of this once-famous resort of pleasure-seeking Londoners.
These pieces were issued, chiefly during the eighteenth
century, as season-tickets, and were usually struck in silver.
A small series was engraved — but badly engraved — in
1786 for a plate in Nichols's Lambeth. Another selection
was published in 1825, in a plate in Robert Wilkinson's
Londina ittmtrata (vol. i. No. 91), the specimens being
creditably engraved by James Stow from originals in the
possession of George Rogers Barrett, a former manager of
Vauxhall Gardens. In recent times, a few specimens
have been reproduced in my work on the London Gardens,1
or have been elsewhere casually noticed. All these tickets
are now of considerable rarity, and there are several
varieties which neither Nichols nor Wilkinson have
noticed.
In the present paper I have relied chiefly upon the
collection in the British Museum, but I am also indebted
for descriptions to Dr. F, Parkes Weber and to Mr. A. W.
1 The London Pleasure Gardens of the Eighteenth Century. By
Warwick Wroth, assisted by Arthur E. Wroth. London
(Macmillan), 1896. An account of Vauxhall will be found
on pp. 286-326.
VOL. XVIII. THIRD SERIES. L
74 NUMISMATIC CHRONICLE.
Waters. The pieces figured in Plate VII., 1, 2, 4, 5 (also
No. 5 A, infra), are in the possession of Mr. Charles Storr
Kennedy, who has most kindly allowed me to photograph
them. Curiously enough, they are the identical speci-
mens engraved by Nichols, and afterwards by Wilkinson.2
From Mr. G. R. Barrett's keeping they passed, apparently
little regarded, into some unknown hands, and Mr. Ken-
nedy was fortunate enough to come across them a few
years ago at a small shop in the south of London.
The Spring Garden at Vauxhall, better known to us as
Vauxhall Gardens, was first opened to the public about
1661. In the earliest days of its existence no charge was
made for admission, and this was one of the great attrac-
tions of the place in the eyes of Samuel Pepys, who, in
recording a visit to the Gardens on May 28th, 1667,
remarks : — " A great deal of company, and the weather
and garden pleasant, and it is very pleasant and cheap
going thither, for a man may go to spend what he will or
nothing, all as one." The simple delights of a garden
were, in the course of years, a good deal sophisticated by
fashionable gallantry and intrigue of the kind described in
the comedies of Wycherley and Vanbrugh, and even in
the days of Addison's Sir Roger — about 1712 — the Spring
Garden is described as " a kind of Mahometan Paradise."
A new, and more wholesome, era was inaugurated by
that " Master-Builder of Delight," Jonathan Tyers, who,
on June 7th, 1732, re-opened the Gardens with a " Ridotto
al fresco,"3 and in a few years created the Vauxhall that
2 PL VII., No. 4, and No. 5 A were not engraved by Nichols.
3 A special admission-ticket (not metallic) was engraved
for this fete by John Laguerre (d. 1748), an actor and painter,
and son of the better-known painter, Louis Laguerre, who
decorated Chatsworth, Blenheim, &c. This rare ticket is re-
produced in a plate in Nichols's Lambeth, under " Vauxhall."
TICKETS OF VAUXHALL GARDENS. 75
we know from the drawings of Canaletti and the writings
of Goldsmith and Horace Walpole.
In order to render the company more select, and to keep
away — as the manager expressed it— such as were not fit
to intermix with Ladies and Gentlemen and Persons of
Quality,4 each visitor was required to obtain an admission
ticket.5 Such tickets cost only a shilling, and it must
have been difficult to discriminate between one applicant
and another. In 1736 it was found that many of these
tickets (which were probably mere checks of metal or card-
board) had been counterfeited, and there was a way by
which an unscrupulous visitor could get admitted for
nothing or by the payment of a few pence to an accommo-
dating waiter. The tickets were therefore abolished, and
from 1736 until 1792 (when prices were raised) each
person seeking admission merely paid down his shilling at
the gate.
The issue of the season-tickets, with which we are here
chiefly concerned, may have begun in 1732 or 1733, but
the first detailed mention that I have found of them is in
the newspapers of March, 1737, which announce that the
Master of Vauxhall will issue 1,000 season tickets at one
guinea each, admitting two persons. Similar advertisements
occur subsequently, e.g., in 1740 (1,000 tickets at £1 5s. :
" the silver of every ticket to be worth three shillings and
sixpence "), in 1742, and 1748 (tickets at £2 2s.). Each
subscriber had his name engraved on the back of his ticket
which he was requested not to lend to any persons of bad
repute, " for such will not be permitted to come in on any
4 London Gazette, June 7th, 1736.
5 This was, at any rate, the rule in 1735 (London Gazette,
loc. cit.}.
76 NUMISMATIC CHRONICLE.
consideration whatsoever." In a very rare print of the
Gardens published in May, 1741, the ticket-taker is seen
complaining to old Tyers that his tickets have been
brought in by a parcel of rag-pickers. But the character
of the ticket-holders would seem to have been maligned,
for the print is half a caricature and actually shows the
Garden filled with a fashionable company.6
The tickets are rarely dated. The earliest date that
occurs is 1749,7 the latest 1751. If we assume that
the issue lasted from 1732 (the first season of Tyers's
management) till 1751, and that a new type, and one
type only,8 was employed for each season, the number of
types would be 20. The actual number that I have
noted is 15.
It is generally believed that the production, or, at any
rate, the designing, of the Vauxhall tickets was due to
William Hogarth. The earliest positive statement on the
point seems to occur in 1825, in the lettering to the plate
of tickets in Wilkinson's Londina, where the specimens
are stated to be " struck in silver after designs by Mr. W.
6 This print (in my collection) is, " Spring Gardens, Vaux-
hall," printed and engraved by Komano, and published by
G. Bickham. On a scroll proceeding from the mouth of the
ticket-taker are the words : —
1 ' Tour tickets, sir, are all brought in
By Bunters full of filthy gin."
"Bunter" is an eighteenth-century cant-word for a female
rag-picker — a low woman. In an action for slander brought
in comparatively recent times, the expression, " You are a
Bunter," complained of by the plaintiff (a certain Mrs. Baw-
lings) was held by the judge (Willes, J.) not to be defama-
tory, as it had no meaning in ordinary parlance (Odgers,
Outline of the Law of Libel, p. 75).
7 But see No. 14 infra (1733 ?).
8 Cp., however, No. 12 infra.
TICKETS OF VAUXHALL GARDENS. 77
Hogarth." The description of Vauxhall in Nichols's
Lambeth (1786) says nothing of Hogarth's share in the
matter, although certain services rendered by Hogarth
in connexion with the Gardens are there set forth at
length. This was a well-informed account contributed
by Thomas Tyers (Dr. Johnson's familiar friend " Tom "
Tyers), a son of the original proprietor and himself a
proprietor of the Gardens. Possibly, however, the omis-
sion is an oversight, and as no engraver's name, except
Hogarth's, has ever been coupled with these pieces, which
are undoubtedly of elegant design and workmanship, I
think that the traditional attribution should be allowed to
stand so far as concerns Nos. 1 — 6. We are apt to think
of Hogarth as the artist of the Marriage d-la-Mode, as the
uncompromising delineator of the horrors of Beer Street
and Gin Lane, but it must be borne in mind that in his
youth he was apprenticed to a goldsmith and silver-plate
engraver, for whom he probably engraved many a tankard
and salver. At an early age he designed his master's
shop-card,9 and subsequently designed his own shop-card10
(1764) and his own book-plate.11 In the two latter designs
cupids and festoons of flowers occur as on some of the
Vauxhall tickets (e.g. No. 5).
Two of the tickets, Nos. 10 and 11, are signed R. YEO,
and Nos. 7, 8 and 9 are evidently by the same artist.
Richard Yeo was an English medallist of some distinction,
but hardly of the first rank. His Vauxhall tickets are
effective, but certainly show less originality of design than
the series 1 — 6, and the ornamental border is less elegantly
9 See Dobson's William Hogarth. London (Kegan Paul),
1898, p. 14.
10 Dobson, op. cit., p. 17.
11 Dobson, op. cit., p. 166.
78 NUMISMATIC CHRONICLE.
treated. The rather lanky proportions of the figure are
characteristic of many of this artist's designs.
Yeo was living in London in 1745 and first came into
notice about 1746, when he produced his well-known
" Culloden " medal ;12 a medal which, like the Vauxhall
passes, is in the form of a badge, and which has, like
them, an ornamental border and a loop for suspension.
Between 1749 and 1760 he executed prize medals for
several societies.13 In 1749 he was appointed assistant
engraver and in 1775 chief engraver to the Royal Mint.
He died on 3rd Dec. 1779 (Gent. Mag. 1779, p. 616).
As the chronological sequence of the tickets cannot be
made out with exactness, I have thought it best in
12 Mayo, Medals of the British Army, PI. 13, No. 2.
13 Hawkins, Medallic Illustrations (ed. Franks and Grueber),
ii., p. 745.
TICKETS OF VAUXHALL GARDENS. 79
describing the specimens to group them according to
subjects.
HANDEL'S STATUE.
1. Obv.— BLANDIUS OBPHEO [Hor. Carm., i., 24, 13].
Statue of Handel playing lyre ; at his feet,
infant Genius of Music ; behind, colonnade.
Ornamental border, twined with laurel.
Rev.— Plain.14
Size 1'6. Engraved in Nichols,
Lambeth, PL XV., No. 3.
1A. — A proof struck on a large lead flan, Fig. 1, repro-
duced from the engraving in Wilkinson's
Londina, No. 4. (About 1825 in possession of
Mr. G. E. Barrett, of Vauxhall Gardens.)
This ticket reproduces Roubillac's celebrated marble
statue of Handel, set up at Vauxhall in 1738. The statue
stood at first in the South Walk, one of the principal
promenades of the Gardens, being placed (as shown on the
ticket) in front of one of the ranges of supper-boxes and
pavilions. It was removed from the Gardens in 1818
and is now in the possession of Mr. Alfred Littleton. It
is well known from an engraving by Bartolozzi inserted
in Dr. Arnold's edition of the Works of Handel (Jan.
1789).
A season-ticket used by Handel himself is described
under 2A.
ABION ON DOLPHIN.
2. Obv. — Arion, wearing chlamys and laurel wreath, play-
ing lyre and seated on dolphin swimming 1.
over sea; plain border, with ring for suspen-
sion.
14 But see note on No. 3A infra.
80 NUMISMATIC CHRONICLE.
Rev. — Honlle. John Finch, Esqr. (engraved).
JR. gilt. Size 1-6. British Museum (Miss
Sarah Banks's Coll. ; MS. Catal. of
Tokens, p. 214).
2 A. — Similar.
Rev. — Geo: Fr: Handell, Esq. (engraved).
JR. Mr. B. Nightingale's Collection (Num.
Chron., xviii., p. 98) ; bought by " Lons-
dale" at Nightingale's Sale at Sotheby's
in 1863, lot 18, with another ticket, for
£1 7s.
2s. — Similar.
Rev.- — Plain.
JR. Engraved in Nichols, Lambeth, PI. XV.,
No. 9. (Cp. Wilkinson, Londina, No. 8.)
2c. — Similar, but with ornamental border.
Rev. — Mr. Wm. St. Lawrence, 201 (engraved).
JE. Size 1*6. British Museum (Miss Sarah
Banks's Coll. ; MS. Catal., p. 214).
2D. — Similar.
Rev. — Mr. Ow. Brereton, 675 (engraved).
^E. Size 1 -6. British Museum (Hawkins
Coll.). [PI. VI. 1.]
2E. — Similar.
Rev. — Capt. Bedford, 800 (engraved between lines).
^E. CoUection of Dr. F. Parkes Weber
(1898).
The type has been generally called Amphion, but is
better described as Arion, being the ordinary representa-
tion of Arion on the dolphin, as shown, for instance, on
Greek coins of Methymna in Lesbos.
TICKETS OF VAUXHALL GARDENS. 81
The ticket was issued both in silver and copper, the silver
specimens being, perhaps, " complimentary " tickets.
THE SEASONS.
3. Obv. — Draped female figure (Spring) reclining r. on
clouds ; her r. elbow rests on basket of flowers ;
her 1. hand holds a garland ; above, head of
winged Favonius ; beneath, scroll inscribed
GEATA VICE VEBIS. Ornamental border,
with loop.
Rev. — Mr. R<> Wright, 305 (engraved).
Si. Size 1-9. British Museum (Hawkins
Coll.). [PL VI. 3.]
3A. — Similar, on a large flan.
Rev.— Mr. Sen. Major, 202.15
.ZR. Engraved in Nichols, Lambeth, PI.
XV., No. 2.
3B. — Similar obverse.
4
M. Nightingale's Coll. (1856, Num. Chron.,
xviii., p. 97).
4. Obv. — Female figure (Summer) lightly draped, reclining
r. on wheat-sheaves beneath a spreading tree ;
her left hand supports her head. On r. is seen
an avenue, the entrance to which is decorated
with lamps ; above, Cupid flying with scroll in-
scribed, FEONDOSA EEDUCITUE VESTAS.
Plain border, with loop.
15 As the design is here on an exceptionally large flan, the
piece would seem to be a proof rather than an actually issued
ticket. I am inclined, therefore, to suspect a confusion in
Nichols's description of his Nos. 2 and 3. If this is the case,
our No. 3A should be described as having a plain reverse, and
our No. 1 supra (the Handel statue ticket) as having on the
reverse the subscriber's name, Mr. Sen. Major, 202.
VOL. XVIII. THIRD SERIES. M
82 NUMISMATIC CHRONICLE.
Rev. — Mr. Parris, 256 (engraved).
Si. Size 1-8. British Museum (Hawkins
Coll.). [PI. VI. 2.]
4A. — Similar, on large flan.
Rev.— Plain.
M. Nichols, Lambeth, PL XV., No. 5.
On these pretty, if somewhat too pictorial, tickets,
spring and summer are the only seasons introduced. No
hint is given of the chill autumn nights or of the rainy
weather for which Vauxhall was proverbial. The mottoes
are gracefully chosen from Horace's Ode on Spring, Grata
vice veris et Favoni (Carm., I. 4, 1), and from the Georgics
(III. 296), Frondosa reducitur aestas.
The representations of spring and summer are not
wholly fantastic, for, at the time when the tickets were
in use, the lofty trees of the " Lovers' Walk " formed
a verdant canopy in which the nightingales of Spring
Gardens, the blackbirds and thrushes, were wont to build.
Beyond the eastern limit of the Grand Walk might be
seen pleasant meadows with the haymakers at their task
at noon or early evening. 'As night drew on, lights began
to glimmer through the trees, till Vauxhall finally ap-
peared in the full glory of illumination. The little lamp-
lit avenue on the ticket (Plate VI. 2) must be imagined
to reproduce the 1,000 or 1,500 lamps, which was the
number employed at the middle of the eighteenth century.
In later days the illumination was much more elaborate,
and " 20,000 additional lamps " became a familiar feature
of Vauxhall — or, at any rate, of Vauxhall programmes.
When the Gardens came to an end in 1859 there were, as
a matter of fact, about 10,000 lamps on the premises
available for purposes of illumination.
TICKETS OF VAUXHALL GARDENS. 83
THREE CUPIDS.
5. Olv.—Oa a pedestal, inscribed IOCOSJE CONVENI-
UNT LYR^E, three Cupids, two of whom
support a garland of flowers, while the third
plays a lyre resting on two books ; on 1., tree ;
on r., temple. Ornamental border, with loop.
Rev.— Mrs. Wood, 64 (engraved). 1750 (in relief).
Si. Size 1-7. British Museum (Hawkins
Coll.). [PI. VI. 4.]
5A. — Similar.
Rev.— Mr. Wood, 63 (engraved). 1750 (in relief).
M. Collection of Mr. Charles Storr Ken-
nedy (1898) ; engraved in Wilkinson's
Londina, No. 3.
SB. — Similar.
Rev. — Mr. Hen. Major, 210 (no date).
M. Engraved in Nichols, Lambeth, PL
XV., No. 4.
From the decorative point of view this is, perhaps, the
most satisfactory of the Vauxhall tickets. The lyre held
by the Cupid rests on two music-books, probably contain-
ing compositions of Arne and Handel, and some of the
Yauxhall songs which Thomas Lowe and Miss Stevenson
were at this time rendering popular.
Of " Mrs. Wood, 64," we may safely assert that she
was the wife of " Mr. Wood, 63." Possibly the latter is
identical with Robert Wood, the traveller, who published,
in 1753, in conjunction with James Dawkins, a celebrated
account of his exploration of Palmyra. About this
period, and in a somewhat questionable style of pleasure-
garden decoration, a scenic painting of the ruins of Pal-
myra was set up at Yauxhall, so as to be visible through
the three triumphal arches which stood at the end of the
South Walk.
84 NUMISMATIC CHRONICLE.
OEPHEUS.
6. Obv. — Orpheus, wearing laurel-wreath and
seated facing, playing lyre ; near him are vari-
ous animals (giraffe, bear, rabbit, dog, and
ape playing a violin) ; behind, tree on which if
a squirrel. Ornamental border, with hole fc
suspension.
Rev.— No. 68, Mr. John Rolinson (engraved). 1751
relief).
SL. Size 1-6. CoUection of Mr. A. W.
Waters (1898). [PI. VI. 5.] (Also
produced in Spink's Numismatic Circular,
January, 1896, p. 1518.)
GA. — Similar, with obverse design embossed (Nos. 6, 61
6c, are struck). Without hole for suspension.
Rev. — Mr. J. Trusler (engraved) (no date).
M. Size 1-6. British Museum (Hawl
Coll.).
6s. — Similar to No. 6.
Rev. — No. 56 (engraved).
Copper. Guildhall Museum, London. (]
sented by Mr. Howard Vaughan.)
60. — Similar.
Rev. — Plain.
Copper. Collection of Dr. F. Parkes Wei
(1898).
In the little ape playing the violin a Hogarthian touch
may perhaps be recognised. A tail-piece designed by
Hogarth for the Catalogue of the Society of Artists, 1761,
shows the figure of a connoisseur-monkey examining with
a magnifying glass some pots labelled " Exoticks." 16
No. 6c is possibly a " proof/' but, though in copper, it
16 Dobson's William Hogarth, p. 138.
TICKETS OF VAUXHALL GARDENS.
85
may have been intended for actual issue to subscribers,
like the Arion tickets Nos. 2c, 2o, 2E, and (apparently)
No. GB. The " Mr. J. Trusler " to whom 6A was issued
or presented was John Trusler, a cook and confectioner,
who about this time (1751) became a proprietor of the
well-known Marylebone Gardens. One of his daughters
was the mother of Signora Storace, the operatic singer.
Another daughter, Miss Elizabeth Trusler, made the best
cheese-cakes in London, and certain large mince-pies,
supposed to be the peculiar delight of the nobility and
Fig. 2.
gentry. Ris son, Dr. John Trusler, was educated at
Emmanuel College, Cambridge, and after trying his hand
as a playwright, entered the Church. He composed a
number of pompous sermons, which he sold to his clerical
brethren, after causing them to be printed in characters
which (I regret to say) resembled handwriting. By this
device — as he once told his Bishop in a moment of confi-
dence—he made £150 a year. He was the author of
those highly didactic works, Hogarth Moralized and The
Blossoms of Morality.
86 NUMISMATIC CHRONICLE.
HOGARTH'S TICKET.
7. Olv.— VIETVS VOLVPTAS. Virtus, wearing chiton,
alos, aegis, and helmet, standing facing,
ling in her r. hand shield ; beside her stands
Voluptas in light drapery, with hair flowing,
holding the left hand of Virtus. Plain border,
with loop ; beneath, on scroll, FELICES VNA.
Rev. — Hogarth. In perpetuam Benefieii memoriam (en-
graved).
N. Size 1'85. Fig. 2, reproduced from
"Wilkinson's Londina, No. 1 ; also figured
in Dobson's William Hogarth, p. 54.
TA. — Similar.
Rev. — Mr. Fred. Standert, 21 (engraved).
M. Size 1-85. British Museum (Hawkins
Coll.). [PL VIII. 4.]
?B.— Similar.
Rev. — Mr. Mann Horner, 621 (engraved).
M. Mr. B. Nightingale's Coll. (Num. Chron.,
xviii., p. 97). Sold at the Nightingale
Sale, 1863, lot 17.
It is a priori unlikely that Hogarth would have de-
signed the dies for this ticket ; which is, in fact, quite in
the style of Richard Yeo. Struck in silver, it was issued
as an ordinary pass for the season (7A, 7s).
" Hogarth's ticket "par excellence (No. 7) was struck in
gold, with a special inscription on the reverse. The Bene-
ficium alluded to consisted in certain services rendered by
Hogarth to Tyers in connection with his Vauxhall enter-
prise. The artist is said to Lave suggested the brighten-
ing of the gardens by placing paintings in the supper-
boxes, and he allowed his own " Four Times of the Day "
to be copied (by Hayman) for the purpose.
TICKETS OF VAUXHALL GARDENS. 87
The ticket admitted " a coachfull " (six persons), and
was intended as a free pass to the gardens for ever. Mrs.
Hogarth and her cousin Mary Lewis had it after Hogarth's
death, and it was used by various owners as an admission-
ticket till as late as 1841. In 1855 it was in the posses-
sion of Mr. Frederick Grye, and is — it may be presumed—
still somewhere in existence.17
THE MUSES.
8. Obv. — Calliope, wearing laurel- wreath, chiton, and
peplos, seated facing on stone seat ; in her r.,
a flute ; in her L, open music-book ; beneath,
scroll inscribed CALLIOPE. Ornamental bor-
der, with loop.
Rev. — Mr. John Sinton, 212 (engraved). 1749 (in relief).
M. Size 1-9. CoUection of Mr. C. Storr
Kennedy, 1898; engraved in Wilkinson,
Londina, No. 2. [PL VII. 4.]
SA. — Similar, on large flan. On the reverse is scratched
the date 1749.
JR. Nichols, Lambeth, PL XV., No. 1.
Cp. a specimen in Nightingale's Coll.,
1855 (Num. Chron., xviii., p. 98).
9. Obv. — Erato, wearing peplos, seated facing on rocks,
head r. ; r. holds lyre placed upon her knee ;
in her L, pen ; at her feet, Cupid holding in r.
torch ; in 1. bow ; in exergue, EEATO. Orna-
mental border, with loop.
Rev. — Mr. Sam. Lewes, 87 (engraved).
M. Size 1-25. Collection of Mr. C. Storr
Kennedy, 1898; engraved in Wilkinson,
Londina, No. 6, and in Nichols, Lambeth,
PL XV., No. 8 (incorrectly). [PL
VII. L]
The details of the pedigree are given by Nightingale in
the Numismatic Chronicle, xviii., 1856, p. 97.
NUMISMATIC CHRONICLE.
10. Obv. — Euterpe, wearing wreath, chiton, and peplos,
seated 1. on rock, playing flute ; beneath, scroll
inscribed EUTEEPE ; below, E. YEO. Or-
namental border, with loop.
Rev. — Mr. JR. Frankling, 70 (engraved).
M. Size 1-9. Collection of Mr. 0. Storr
Kennedy, 1898 ; engraved, Nichols,
Lambeth, PL XV., No. 7; Wilkinson,
Londina, No. 5. [PL VII. 2.]
11. Obv. — Thalia, wearing wreath and light drapery,
advancing to front, holding mask ; in exergue,
THALIA; beneath, E. YEO F. Ornamental
border, with loop.
Rev. — Mr. Carey, 11 (engraved).
M. Size 2-05. Collection of Mr. C. Storr
Kennedy, 1898 ; engraved, Nichols,
Zambeth, PL XV., No. 6; Wilkinson,
Londina, No. 7. [PL VII. 5.]
1 IA. — Similar.
Rev. — Plain. A copper proof struck on a large flan,
the loop not pierced.
M. Size 2-3. British Museum (Hawkins
Coll.).
Four of the Muses are represented, two of whom—
Euterpe and Erato — are fitting patronesses of the sprightly
lyrics and sentimental love-ditties admired by the fre-
quenters of the Spring Gardens. Calliope, the Muse of
epic song, seems out of place on a Vauxhall ticket, and
Thalia would have been more at home in the later Vaux-
hall of ballets, rope-walking, and comic songs.
Nos. 10 and 11 are signed by Eichard Yeo, and 8 and
9 are evidently from his hand.
It has been suggested 18 that the " Mr. Carey " who
18 Dobson, William Hogarth, p. 27.
TICKETS OF VAUXHALL GARDENS. 89
subscribed for No. 11, is identical with George Saville
Carey, the grandfather of Edmund Kean. If so, the
ticket must be one of the latest of the eighteenth-century
passes of Vauxhall, for Carey was only born in 1743.
There is also the possibility that the subscriber in ques-
tion was his father, Henry Carey, the well-known poet
and musician. In that case the ticket cannot be later
than 1743, the year of Henry Carey's death.
Music (?).
12. Obv. — Female figure (Music ?) reclining r. ; in r. music-
book ; beside her, book and violin ; in field,
flowers. Ornamental border, with loop.
Rev.— 1751 (in relief). 132 (engraved).
JR. Size 1-4. British Museum (Hawkins
Coll.). [PL VII. 3.]
This specimen seems to be unpublished. I found it
among the "Vauxhall Tickets" collected by Mr. Edward
Hawkins, but it is smaller and of poorer workmanship
than the pieces previously described. In the date " 1751"
the numerals are formed like those on No. 6 (PL VI. 5).
If the ticket is really of Vauxhall, it is evident that in
this year two distinct "types" appeared on the passes
issued to subscribers. The female figure hardly suits
any of the nine Muses, and is perhaps intended for
" Music."
MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS.
Olv. — Group of five musical instruments and music-
book ; scroll border (all engraved).
Rev.— John Finch, Esqr. ; scroll border (all engraved).
M. Size 2. Lozenge shape, pierced.
British Museum (Miss S. Banks, MS.
Catal. of Tokens, p. 214, No. 176).
[PL VIII. 2.]
VOL. XVIII. THIRD SERIES.
90 NUMISMATIC CHRONICLE.
14. Olv.— Group of musical instruments ; plain border,
with loop.
Rev. — 2d. Season. The Honlle. Ino. Finch, Esq. (en-
graved).
M. Size 1-9. British Museum (Miss S.
Banks, MS. Catal. Tokens, p. 214, No.
182). [PI. VIII. 3.]
15. Olv.— CVRAEUM • BULGE • LEVAMEN. Violon-
cello and group of horns ; above, head (Apollo
or Wind-god). Plain border, with ring for
suspension.
Rev, — Mrs, Finch (engraved).
JR. Size 1'2. Circular. British Museum
(Miss S. Banks, MS. Catal. Tokens, p.
2J4, No. 180). [PI. VIII. 1.]
These tickets differ much in form and style from the
specimens already described. They are assigned to Vaux-
hall on the authority of Miss Sarah Banks, who is likely
to have been well informed,
nects them with the Arion ticket (No. 2).
The second season on No. 14 would seem to indicate
that the ticket was issued in 1733. Nos. 13 and 15 pro-
bably belong to about the same period as 14 — all being,
as I suppose, earlier than the series of Hogarth and
Yeo,
In the latter part of the eighteenth century the issue
of artistic season-tickets ceased. On special occasions,
however, an engraved admission-ticket, printed on paper
or card, was issued to visitors. Thus, there was a special
design prepared for the Vauxhall Jubilee of 29th May,
1786,19 and Stothard designed the admission- ticket, with
19 One of these tickets is reproduced in London Pleasure
Gardens of the Eighteenth Century, p. 305.
TICKETS OF VAUXHALL GARDENS. 91
a figure of Thalia, for the masked ball of 31st May,
1792.20
During the present century season-tickets continued to
be issued, though they did not often take the form of
metallic passes. There is a ticket in the British Museum
for the season of 1809, engraved Vauxhall. 1809. Admit
Robert Blade, JZsqr., and Family. This is of ugly shape and
entirely without ornamentation. But it consists of a
large piece of hall-marked silver, and has a substantial
family appearance.
The copper piece, photographed in PI. VIII. 5, from
a specimen in the British Museum, has been already
published from a similar specimen, by Sharp, in his
Catalogue of the Chetwynd Collection, p. 256, No. 6,
but he gives no explanation of it. The date, types, and
Spanish inscription clearly indicate that it was a ticket
for the grand "Spanish Fete," held at Vauxhall, on
Tuesday, July 8th, 1828, for the benefit of foreign
refugees. On this occasion the gardens were brilliantly
lighted, and the pillars of the covered walks were
wreathed with laurel and evergreens intertwined with
flowers.
In 1792, at a time when grand galas and masquerades
were becoming popular at Vauxhall, the charge for
admission at the doors had been raised from Is. to 2s.
In 1822 the charge was 3s. 6d. ; and in 1826, when
Braham, Miss Stephens, and Madame Vestris were en-
gaged, 4s. In 1833 a one-shilling night was tried, and
this was the price of admission in some later years. The
season-ticket for 1822, admitting one person, cost
20 Cp. L. P. G., p. 311. An original ticket is in my col-
lection.
92
NUMISMATIC CHRONICLE.
£1 11s. 6d. ; that for 1845, admitting two persons, cpst
£3 3s.
The last entertainment ever given at Vauxhall took
place on Monday, July 25th, 1859. On the 29th of
August following, the illumination-lamps were sold by
auction at the gardens, and at the same sale many thou-
sand metal passes or tickets21 were disposed of, to be
melted down, or, perhaps, to serve for a time as the
checks of some minor theatre.
WARWICK WROTH.
21 These were marked with various letters of the alphabet,
and were probably of lead or brass. There is a late leaden
check in the British Museum inscribed, VAUXHALL I.
Size 1-2. Since this paper was in type, the British Museum
has acquired, from the bequest of Sir A. W. Franks, a speci-
men of No. 6 (Orpheus). Rev. — No. 56 (engraved). Sub-
scriber's name obliterated. 1751 (in relief). JR. Size 1 -6.
MISCELLANEA.
CUEIOSITIES IN THE IMPERIAL PERSIAN TREASURY. 1 lately
had occasion to inspect the coined gold in the imperial treasury
here, and as there are a number of curious pieces whose cir-
culation has been, and probably will be, very limited — I had
never seen one of them before — a note regarding them may be
of interest to numismatists. For the inscriptions, I have in the
following descriptive list referred in most cases to Reginald
Stuart Poole's Catalogue of the Coins of the Shahs of Persia in the
British Museum, by giving the catalogue number with B. M.
prefixed. Measurements are in inches, weights in grains troy.
AKA MUHAMMAD KHAN, A.H. 1193—1211 =A.D. 1779—1797.
1. Eighty tumans, Teheran, 1210.
Obv.— B. M. 451 in circle.
Rev. — B. M. 462 in square, rectangular.
2-60 by 2-21 ; wt. 7488.
Eighty tumans of 94 '72 grs. = 7577-60 grs. ; deficiency
in weight M8£.
FATH 'ALi SHAH, A.H. 1211—1250 = A.D. 1797—1834.
2. Six tumans, Teheran, 1213 or 1221.
Obv.— B. M. 463, with date 1221.
Rev.—B. M. 462, with date 1213.
1-06 ; wt. 443-65.
Six tumans of 74 grs. (25 nakhods) = 444 grs. ; weight
exact.
3. Eight tumans, Tabriz, 1227.
Obv. and Rev.— B. M. 463.
1-65 ; wt. 420-75.
Eight tumans of 53-28 grs. (18 nakhods) = 426'24 grs. ;
deficiency l-3£.
94 NUMISMATIC CHRONICLE.
4. Piece of five miskals, Kashan, 1227.
Obv. and Rev.— B. M. 467.
1-46; wt. 850.
Five miskals = 355-2 grs. ; deficiency 1'48£.
5. Piece of four miskals, Ispahan, 1227.
Obv. and Rev.— B. M. 464.
1-46; wt. 282-50.
Four miskals = 284'2 grs. ; deficiency -6£.
6. Five tumans, Teheran, 1227.
Obv.— B. M. 463.
Rev.— B. M. 462.
1-06 ; wt. 368-50.
Five tumans of 74 grs. (25 nakhods) = 370 grs. ; defi-
ciency -4£.
7. Piece of fifty miskals, Tabriz, 1241.
Obv.— B. M. 478.
Rev.— B. M. 468.
2-64 ; wt. 3528.
Fifty miskals = 3552 grs. ; deficiency -68£.
8. Piece of fifty miskals, Tabriz, 1242.
Obv.— B. M. 478.
Rev.— B. M. 463.
2-6 ; wt. 3552.
Fifty miskals = 3552 grs. ; weight exact.
MUHAMMAD SHAH, A.H. 1250—1264 = A.D. 1835—1848.
9. Piece of twenty miskals, Teheran, no date.
Obv.— B. M. 545.
Rev.— B. M. 548.
1-89 ; wt. 1416.
Twenty miskals = 1421 grs. ; deficiency -85<K
MISCELLANEA.
95
10. Piece of fifteen miskals, Ispahan, 1251.
Obv. — jk^sr* Lj\ <tA:Jbl£> in centre ; in margin, four
lozenges with j^^* <&\ )\ A\ j | jjl <d)l j
Rev. — Lion recumbent r. ; behind, sun ; above, plumed
crown, all within laurel wreath ; margin, four
lozenges with ^
t rot*<ju«j (J
1-38; wt. 10645.
Fifteen miskals = 1065'6 grs. ; deficiency 'l£.
11. Piece of one hundred miskals, Teheran, 1253.
Obv.~ B. M. 545.
Rev.— B. M. 548.
2-8; wt. 7104.
One hundred miskals = 7104 grs. ; weight exact.
12. Piece of fifty miskals, Teheran, 1253.
Obv.— B. M. 545.
Rev.— B. M. 548.
2-6 ; wt. 3528.
Fifty miskals = 3552 grs. ; deficiency '68£.
NASIE AL DIN SHAH, A.H. 1264—1314 =A.D. 1848-1896.
13. Five tumans, Teheran, no date.
Obv.— In centre, ,.}\.A> <Gls^ ,\J <—>.**', in margin,
Rev. — Lion and sun, similar to B. M. 593, within wreath
of laurel and oak.
1-89; wt. 368,
Five tumans of 74 grs. (25 nakhods) = 370 grs. ; defi-
ciency '54-.
96 NUMISMATIC CHRONICLE.
14. Seventy-five miskals, Teheran, no date.
Obv. and Rev. — Same as No. 18.
2-32 ; wt. 5320.
Seventy-five miskals, or 100 tumans of 53'28 grs. (18
nakhodsj = 5328 grs. ; deficiency *15£.
15. Thirty tumans, Teheran, no date.
Obv. and Rev.— Same as No. 13.
1-54; wt. 1598.
Thirty tumans of 53-28 grs. = 1598-4 grs.; weight
exact.
16. Five tumans, Teheran, no date.
Rev. — Similar to No. 18.
1-14; wt. 264.
Five tumans of 53-28 grs. = 266-4 grs. ; deficiency
•at,
17. Twenty tumans, Teheran, 1267.
Obv. and Eev. — Similar to No. 13.
1-23; wt. 1049.
Twenty tumans of 53-28 grs. = 1065'6 grs. ; deficiency
l-58f.
18. Fifty tumans, Teheran, 1268.
Obv. and Rev. — Similar to No. 13.
2-82 ; wt. 2664.
Fifty tumans of 53-28 grs. = 2664 grs. ; weight exact.
Five pieces, viz., Nos. 2, 8, 11, 15, and 18, are of the exact
weight, but all the others are considerably lighter than the
standards, some showing a deficiency in weight of 1£ £ grs.,
and, altogether, it looks as if the treasury has been defrauded,
perhaps to the extent of more than £ £ on the whole amount,
or of many thousands of pounds sterling.
A. HOUTUM-SCHINDLER.
TBHEBAN, November 23rd, 1897.
Oron. Ser. HT. Vol.
BALCOMBE FIND
,,-y 777-)
Num.. Oron,. Ser.jff Vol. XM.PIK
BALCOMBE FIND
HT)
Num. Chron. Ser. M Vol.XW. PI.M.
BALCOMBE FIND.
(Edward I, IT atulM.)
Man. Chron. 6'er.M.Volim. PI. V.
^ >$Sfi>.
10
BALCOMBE FIND.
(Edward JIT and, Richard IT)
. Cfom< -SerM. Vol.JVIff.Pl. W.
/R
/R
/R
/R
TICKETS OF VAUXHALL GARDENS
Mm. Cfavn. Ser.M. Vol.Xm.Pl. ffl.
/R
/R
TICKETS OF VAUXHALL GARDENS.
um. ffiran, Ser.M. Vol.XVHT. Pl.Wff.
*v
TICKETS OF VAUXHALL GARDENS
IV.
GREEK COINS ACQUIRED BY THE BRITISH MUSEUM
IN 1897.
(See Plates IX.— XI.)
DURING the year 1897, the British Museum has acquired
836 coins of the Greek class, a total which, as will be seen
from the following table, is larger than can be shown for
any of the preceding ten years.1
Many of these specimens have been acquired by pur-
chase, especially at the second portion of the Bunbury
Sale.2 A smaller selection was obtained at the second
Montagu Sale of Greek coins (March, 1897). Presenta-
tions of coins are due to the kindness of Mr. H. F. Aine-
droz, Mr. A. J. Lawson, Mr. G. H. Pedler, Mr. E. J.
1 Important Greek acquisitions of the Department of Coins
and Medals from the year 1887 onwards will be found described
by me in the Numismatic Chronicle for 1888, p. If.; 1889,
p. 249 f. ; 1890, p. 811 f . ; 1891, p. 116 f . ; 1892, p. If.;
L893, p. 1 f. ; 1894, p. 1 f. ; 1895, p. 89 f. ; 1896, p. 85 f,;
1897, p. 93 f. In connection with the present paper I owe
several valuable suggestions to Mr. Head and Mr. Hill, and I
have had the advantage of consulting the section on Greek
coins written by Mr. Head for the Parliamentary Report of
the British Museum.
2 This sale took place in December, 1896, but the coing
acquired by the Museum have been entered in the official
register for 1897.
VOL. XVIII. THIRD SERIES. O
98
NUMISMATIC CHRONICLE.
Seltrnann, Mr. S. Vacher, Dr. Hermann Weber, and the
Society for promoting Hellenic Studies.
GREEK COINS ACQUIRED 1887 — 1897.
Year.
Gold and
Electrum.
Silver.
Bronze, &c.
Total.
1887
8
58
110
176
1888
10 217
228
455
1889
12
65
270
347
1890
5
102
70
177
1891
16
280
73
369
1892
10
99
348
4.57
1893
4
118
281
403
1894
31
164
453
648
1895
20
178
479
677
1896
54 428
170
652
1897
20
313
503
836
Total . .
190
2,022
2,985
5,197
GELA (SICILY).
1. Obv. — FEAA[^] Fore-part of man-headed bull (river
Gelas) swimming 1. ; plain border.
Rev. — ^fl^lPOAl^ Female head r. (Sosipolis) wearing
earring and sphendone.
X. Size -4. Wt. 17-2 grs. [PI. IX. 8.]
From the Montagu Sale, March, 1897, lot 47.
A variety (circ. B.C. 415-405) of the coin in the Brit.
Mus. Cat., Sicily, " Gela," No. 2, on which the female head
is to the left.
Sosipolis is seen standing on tetradrachms of Gela,3
crowning with an olive-wreath the river-bull Gelas and
3 Num. Chron., 1883, PI. IX. 4 (Hirsch Coll.) ; Num. Chron.
1890, p. 313 f. (Brit. Mus.).
GREEK COINS ACQUIRED BY THE BRITISH MUSEUM. 99
with one hand upraised, as if in adoration. " The guardian
divinity " (says Mr. Head, H.N. p. 122) " or Tyche of the
city/' is here represented as " crowning the river-god in
return for the blessings conferred by him upon the Geloan
territory." Perhaps this divinity is identical with
Demeter (or Persephone) who appears on the later coins
of Gela.4
CHALCIDICE (MACEDONIA).
2. Obu. — Head of Apollo 1., laureate, hair short.
Eev. — X A A K I A E fl N Lyre with seven strings ;
beneath, EPIoAY ; traces of circular incuse.
JR. Size 1. Wt. 224 grs. [PI. IX. 10.]
From the Montagu Sale, March, 1897, lot 106.
With the magistrate's name, compare the stater at
Berlin (Von Sallet, Beschreibung ii. p. 72, No. 2) with
EP I OAYMTIXOY. In style, the head resembles Be-
schreibung ii., PI. IY. 30 ; Brit. Mm. Cat., Macedonia
(" Chalcidice," No. 9), but is more freely treated.5
ALEXANDER THE GREAT.
3. Obv. — Head of Alexander the Great r., wearing diadein.
Rev.— Plain.
N. Size -85. Wt. 107'5 grs. [PI. X. 6.]
From the Montagu Sale, March, 1897, lot 118.
This piece is stated in the Montagu Catalogue to have
formed part of the well-known " Tresor de Tarse."6 It
4 A Zeus Sosipolis is mentioned in Strabo, xiv., 1, § 41.
5 On the style of coins of the Chalcidian League, see Num.
Chron., 1897, p. 100.
6 llevue Xitni., 1868,' p. 309 f.
NUMISMATIC CHRONICLE.
observed traces of the obverse inscription, which is, no
doubt, DAA0IKON, as on the coins of Berlin and Paris
just referred to. The ram's head and dolphin are well-
known symbols of Apollo.10
TENEA (ACHAIA).
7. Obv.— IOV • AOMNA • C6BACTH Bust of Julia
Domna r.
Rev. — T 6NEA TUN Dionysos wearing short chiton
and boots, standing, looking 1. ; in his r. hand,
kantharos ; his 1. hand on thyrsos.
M. Size -9. [PI. X. 8.]
The small town of Tenea lay 60 stadia south of
Corinth.11 It is unlikely that it issued autonomous money,
but at the time when its powerful neighbour was destroyed
by Mummius, Tenea was spared and treated with some
favour by the Romans.
It struck bronze coins in the time of Septimius Severus.
Besides the rare specimen here described,12 only one other
type is known, namely, a standing figure of Tyche (obv.
Sept. Severus).13 According to Pausanias (ii. 5., 3), the
chief god of Tenea was Apollo, and he, probably, had his
place on the coinage as well as Dionysos.
SEBASTOPOLIS-HERACLEOPOLIS (PONTUS).
8. Obv.— IOYAIA AOMNA AY Bust of Julia Domna r.
10 See Longperier in Eev. Num., 1869, p. 157 f. ; Zeit.f.
Num., xiii., p. 61.
11 Tenea should be added to the list of coin-issuing cities in
the Historia Numoru?n.
12 A similar coin is described by Lambros, Peloponnesos, p. 40 ;
cp. Zeit.f, Num., i. 319.
1:5 Lambros, op. dt., p. 39 ; Gardner, Brit. Mus. Cat., /'<vV
ponxcsus, p. 57.
GREEK COINS ACQUIRED BY THE BRITISH MUSEUM. 108
Rev. — CGBACT The two porticoes and roof of a
HPAKAGO temple ; between the porticoes,
tTr£ under an arch, is seen a sta-
tue of Herakles, naked, stand-
ing facing; in r. hand, patera
held over altar; 1. hand rests on club. The
statue is protected by a railing or trellis-work.
(6T HC = year 208 (of the local era begin-
ning B.C. 2) = A.D. 206.)
^E. Size 1-1. [PI. X. 9 rev.}
From the Bunbury Sale (II.), December, 1896, lot 8.
9. Obv. — IOYAIA AOMNA// Bust of Julia Domna r.
Rev.— C€BACTOTTOH> AKA Tyche stand-
ing to front holding in r., rudder; in 1., cornu-
copiae ; in field, ^-f-£ (year 208 = A.D. 206).
M. M.
From the Bunbury Sale (II.), December, 1896, lot 8.u
RHOEMETALCES (KING OF BOSPORUS).
10. Olv.— BACIA6WC POIMHTAAKOY Bust of
Rhoemetalces r., with slight beard; wears dia-
dem and paludamentum ; before bust, club ;
border of dots.
Rev. — Head of Hadrian r., laur. ; beneath, 0KY (year
429) ; border of dots.
EL. Size -75. Wt. 121 grs. [PL X. 7.]
From the Bunbury Sale (II.), December, 1896, lot 19.
The date — year 429 of the Pontic Era, beginning B.C.
297 — is interesting in connection with the chronology of
the reigns of Rhoemetalces and his predecessor Cotys II.
On the coins of Sebastopolis-Heracleopolis (Sulu-Serai),
especially Imhoof-Blumer, Griech. Miuizen, p. 579 f., and
eit. /. Num., xx., 265 ; see also Pick in Num. Zeit., xxiii.
(1891), p. 71 ; Rev. Num., 1897, p. 277 (Waddington Coll.).
104 NUMISMATIC CHRONICLE.
Among the dates found on the staters of these kings ai
the following: : —
COTYS II., 428 (Koehne, Mil*. Kotschonbey, ii. p. 256).
429 (lirit. A/H.I. Cat,, Pontu*, p. (51, No. 2
Borrell in Num. Chron., v. (1848), p. IB;
RHOEMETALCES, 428 (Koehne, op. cit., ii., p. 263).
,, 429 (coin now published).
The older numismatists, and even some later writers,
state that Cotys ceased to reign in 428, but the coin of
429 is evidence that he was still king in that year. As
the dates 42 S and 429 are found also on coins of Rhoeme-
talces, it can only be supposed that during those two years
Cotys and Rhoemetalces were joint rulers. At this time,
and even during part of the reign of Antoninus Pius,
Rhoemetalces was apparently a minor under the tutelage
of a guardian. From a passage15 in the Script, hint.
Aug..u\. 9, 8 (Antoninus Pius), we learn that Antoninus
" Rimetalcen in regnum Bosforanum audito inter ipsura
et curatorem negotio remisit."
The coinage of Cotys II. comes to an end in 429, and
430 is, doubtless, the first year of the sole reign of
Rhoemetalces. It is interesting to find a lapidary inscrip-
tion (C. I. G., No. 2108/.), dated " 430," in which the
king — T[jj3e/Mo]9 'Iov[\ios f$a.(n\e]v<; *Poifju]Ta\icr]s — ex-
presses his obligations to Hadrian, whom he calls I'ciov
KTiaTyv (hoc est, statorcm, qui ei regnum dedcrit. Boeckh
ad loc.).
!
15 On the interpretation of this passage, see Brand is, art.
" Bosporos," in Pauly's Real-Encychp., iii. 1, p. 784. On
Cotys and Rhoemetalces, Latyschev, Inscript. reijni Bosporanit
pp. xlvii., xlviii.
GRREK COINS ACQUIRED BY THE BRITISH MUSEUM. 105
BlTHYNIUM (BlTHYNIA).
11 ubv.— AVTKACETTTIM CEOVHPOCAVr Bust
of Sepr,. Severus r., laur., wearing paludamentum
and cuirass.
Rev.— BieVNien NA APIANHN Asklepios, with
serpent-staff in r., standing 1., and Hygieia feed-
ing serpent held in r. from patera held in 1.,
standing r.
M. Size 1-3.
From the Bunbury Sale (II.), December, 1896, lot 51
(" Hadrianothera ").
HERACLEA (BITHYNIA).
12. 0itf.-AVKACeTT CEVHPOCTT6P Head of Sept,
Severus r., laur.
Rev.— HPAKAHAC n . . . . Herakles, naked, stand-
ing 1. striking with club held in r. at Hydra
coiled round his r. leg ; 1. hand grasps Hydra.
M. Size 1-1. [PI. X. 10, rev.]
From the Bunbury Sale (II.), December, 1896, lot 50.
Cp. Mionnet, Sup. v., p. 60, No. 302. This Heraklean
labour is represented in nearly the same manner on the
coins of Nicopolis ad Istrum (Brit. Mus. Cat., Tauric
Chersonesus, &c., p. 47, No. 47). 16
JULIOPOLIS (BITHYNIA).
13. Obv.— MAYPAN TUNINOCK Draped bust r. of
Caracalla ; beardless ; bare-headed.
Rev.— IOVAIO nOAGITON Kybele, wearing mo-
dius, chiton, and peplos, seated 1. on throne ; in
16 On Heraclean types at Heraclea, see Pick in Num. Zeit.,
xxiii. (1891), p. 75.
VOL. XVlll. THIRD SERIES,, P
106 NUMISMATIC CHRONICLE.
r., patera ; 1. elbow rests on tympanum ; before
her, lion.
M. Size 1-1.
From the Bunbury Sale (II), December, 1896, lot 53.
NICAEA (BITHYNIA).
14. Obv.— AV TOKAICAP ANTHN6INO Head of
Antoninus Pius r., laur.
Eev.— NEIKAI EflN Lion's head r., radiate.
M. Size -75. [PL XI. I rev.]
From the Bunbury Sale (II.), December, 1896, lot 55.
The reverse type is unusual. Probably the lion of the
Zodiac is represented, though on Greek Imperial coins
the Zodiacal leo is generally represented by a lion and a
star, or by a lion that is not radiate. On other coins of
Nicaea, Helios is represented.17
PEUSA AD OLYMPUM (BITHYNIA).
15. Obv.— A/ TKAITPAI ANAEKIOCAV Radiate
bust of Trajan Decius 1. wearing paludamentum
and cuirass ; holds spear and shield ornamented
with Gorgoneion.
Eev.— TTPOV CAEHN Tyche, wearing modius, chiton,
and peplos, standing to front ; in r., rudder ; in
1., cornucopiae.
M. Size 1.
From the Bunbury Sale (II.), December, 1896, lot 56.
NICOMEDES II., KING OF BITHYNIA.
16. Obv. — Head of Nicomedes II. r., wearing diadem.
17 Mion., Sup. v., p. 88, No. 452 (Antoninus Pius); Brit.
Mus. Cat., Pontus, p. 170, No. 113.
«-M
r
GREEK COINS ACQUIRED BY THE BRITISH MUSEUM. 107
Rev. — BAZI AEI2Z Zeus in himatiou standing 1. crown-
Efll^ANOYZ ing the name of the king with
NIKOMHAOY wreath held in r. ; in 1. sceptre ;
to 1., eagle 1. on thunderbolt;
t%» and OP = year 170 =
B.C. 128-7.
JR. Size 1-3. Wt. 260 grs. (PL X. 8.)
From the Bunbury Sale (II), December, 1896, lot 68.
The date, year " 170," is new, and fills the gap between
the coins of " 169 " and " 171 " in the British Museum
aiid other collections.
ADBAMYTEUM (MYSIA).
Circ. B.C. 133—67.
17. Obv. — Cista mystica from which serpent issues 1. ; whole
in ivy-wreath.
ReVf — AAPA (in field 1.). Bow-case, ornamented with
aplustre, containing strung bow ; on each side, a
coiled serpent ; above, AY ; in field r., f^} and
sceptre ?
JR. Size 1-05. Wt. 186 grs.
18. Obv.— Similar to No. 17.
liev. — yAP (in field 1.). Bow-case, ornamented with
aplustre, containing strung bow ; on each side,
coiled serpent; above, ff}, [ft; in field r.,
thyrsos, with fillet attached.
JR. Size 1. Wt. 176 grs.
From the Bunbury Sale (II.), December, 1896, lot 73.
No. 17 is a variety of Pmder (Die Cistoph. p. 557,
No. 1 ; PI. I. 1 ; symbol, ear of corn). The name of the
town is more often given in monogram as on No. 18.
The symbol of No. 17 is somewhat worn, but appears to
be a short sceptre with a top in the form of a poppy-heud.
he symbol of No. 18 was described by Sir Edward Bun-
108 NUMISMATIC CHRONICLE.
bury18 as "a filleted caduceus," but it is certainly a
thyrsos.
CYZICUS (MYSIA).
19. Obv. — Bearded head 1., with flowing hair, wearing conical
hat wreathed with laurel (Cabirus ?) ; beneath,
tunny 1.
Rev. — Incuse square, roughly dotted and grained, of mill-
sail pattern.
El. Size -8. Wt. 246'1 grs. [Pt. IX. 12.1
(B.C. 400—350 ; cp. Greenwell, Cyzicus, No. 70.)
From the Ashburnham Sale, May, 1895, lot 138; ac-
quired by the British Museum in 1897.
Mr. Green well's identification of this type 19 with the
storm-tossed warrior Ulysses is attractive, but the view
that one of the Cabiri is represented is not to be overlooked,
and receives support from a recently published Cyzicene
hecte,20 showing a youthful male head wearing a laurel-
wreathed TtiXiov. The old and young Cabiri would seem
to be represented, as probably also on the coins of Berytis
in the Troad.21
PERGAMUM (MYSIA).
20. Obv. — Lion's skin hanging over club ; whole in oak-
wreath.
Rev. — TtE (in field 1.). Bunch of grapes on vine-leaf;
in field r., staff (or thyrsos ?) entwined by ser-
pent ; above type, ffE.
18 Num. Chron., 1883, p. 184, No. 13.
19 A similar type occurs on the gold staters of Lampsacus,
B. M. Cat., Mysia, PI. XIX. 3.
20 Greenwell Collection, Num. Chron., 1897, p. 255, No. 5,
PI. XI. 5.
21 B. M. Cat. Trnns. PI. VIII. 1—5, p. xlv.
GREEK COINS ACQUIRED BY THE BRITISH MUSEUM. 109
M. Size -85. Wt. 89 '2 grs. (half cisto-
phorus).
Presented by Dr. Hermann Weber.
ALEXANDRIA TBOAS (TROAS).
21. Obv.— Head of Apollo 1., laur.
Rev.— ATTOAAnNOS: [I]MI0EnS Apollo Smin-
theus,in himation,with quiver at shoulder, standing
r.; in outstretched r., patera; in 1., bow and arrow ;
infield, 1., f% ; in field r., ZKP (year 223);
i_p_ AAEEANAPEnN
ex" [..... M....]
JR. Size -8. Wt. 50-8. [PI. X. 4.]
The tetradrachms of the same type are well known,22
but the drachms are rarely met with. A drachm of the
year 221 is at the Hague, and another of year 228 is in
Mr. Loebbecke's Collection.23
The magistrate's name on the present coin may possibly
be 'A^tTriAou, but the letters are very obscure.
ANTANDRUS (TROAS).
22. Obv. — Female head r. (Artemis Astyrene ?) ; hair bound
with cord and looped up behind.
Rev. — ANTA Goat r. ; whole in incuse square.
N
M. Size -55. Wt. 56 grs. [PI. IX. 6.]
From the Bunbury Sale (II.), December, 1896, lot 76.
The head is of a severer and simpler style than the
head on the coins of Antandrus, described in the British
12 Brit. Mw. Cat. Troas, p. 11.
23 76., p. xv., note *.
110 NUMISMATIC CHRONICLE.
Museum Catalogue24 (circ. B.C. 420-400). This coin is
probably to be placed some years before 420.
MYRINA (AEOLIS).
23. Obv — IGPACVN KAHTOC Youthful bust r. (the
Senate).
Rev.— AIOAGHNMY P6INAII1N Dionysos wear-
ing himation standing 1. ; in r., kantharos ; in 1.
(which rests on column), thyrsos ; before him,
panther.
M. Size -75. [PI. XI. 6.]
The usual inscription on coins of Myrina is MYPGI-
NAII2N (or MYPINAIflN), and the addition of AlO-
A€HN is interesting. The coin was probably struck about
the time of Hadrian, in whose reign we find at the neigh-
bouring Cyme a similar coin-inscription — AIOA6UUN
KYMAIWlM, which takes the place of the usual
KYMAIOuN.25 Myrina and Cyme are two of the eleven
ancient cities of Aeolis enumerated by Herodotus (i. 149).
Dionysos is here represented as on a coin of Myrina of
Annia Faustina.26 The types of this city commonly relate
to the Apollo of Grynium, but I have already pointed out
(Brit. Mus. Cat. Troas, p. Ivi.) that an amphora seems to
Imve constituted the " town-arms."
EPHESUS.
24. Obv. — Head of Artemis r., wearing stephane ; neck
draped ; bow and quiver at shoulder.
24 Troas, p. 33, Nos. 1, 2, PL VH. 1, 2.
25 Brit. Mus. Cat., Troas, &c., p. 118, No. 132; cp. ib., No.
128, with KYMH AIOAIC, Cyme standing 1.
26 Published by Imhoof-Blumer, Griech. M., p. 633, No. 249;
viguette on title-page of Boutkowski's I'etu Mionnet.
GREEK COINS ACQUIRED KY THE BRITISH MUSEUM. Ill
ftev. — Statue of Ephesian Artemis with fillet hanging
from each hand ; on 1., stag ; on r., bee.
N. Size -6. Wt. 84-5 grs. [PL X. 5.]
This rare coin was obtained by Mr. J. W. Williamson,
of Limasol, in Cyprus, but its exact provenance is, I
believe, unknown. A similar specimen occurred in the
Thomas sale (London, 1844 ; lot 2132 ; weight 84-fV
grains).
This coin differs from the other gold money of Ephesus
(see Head, Ephesus, p. 69 ; PI. V. 2—6, and Num. Chron.,
1894, p. 14, No. 16), in being without the town name :
probably not much importance is to be attached to this
omission, seeing that the types and adjuncts sufficiently
indicate the place of mintage. The Ephesian gold coins
usually weigh 130 grains ; this coin weighs 84'5 grains
and is, in the view of Mommsen,27 a half-aureus of the
standard of the aurei of Sulla, struck apparently for circu-
lation in the East.
Mommsen supposes that this particular coin was struck
at Ephesus by order of Sulla, who visited the city in
B.C. 84.28 Yet as Sulla came to punish Ephesus with a
heavy fine, his visit was more likely to have terminated
than to have stimulated the local coinage in gold. It
would seem, then, that the gold coinage of Ephesus is
best assigned — as it is by Mr. Head (op. cit.y p. 68) — to
the years 87-84 B.C., when the city, in rebellion against
Rome, was de facto autonomous.
87 Mon. row., ed. Blacas ii., p. 444 (referring to the Thomas
Sale specimen) ; cp. Head, Ephesus, p. 69.
is In his Monn. de la rep. rom. (i. p. 407), M. Babelon refers
the gold coinage of Ephesus to B.C. 83 and following years,
connecting it with the coinage of Lucullus in the province of
Asia, mentioned by Plutarch, Lucullus, 4.
112 NUMISMATIC CHRONICLE.
ERYTHRAE (!ONIA).
25. Obv.— AV TKAITIAI ANTHN6IN . . Head of
Antoninus Pius r., laur. ; countermarked.
Rev.— eniCTPKACGKOVNA OV Youthful river-
god (Aleon) wearing himation over lower limbs,
reclining 1. ; in r., branch; 1. hand rests on urn
from which water flows; beneath, GPV0PA;
above, AA6HN.
M. Size 1-2. [PI. XI. 2 rev.]
Two rivers are personified on the Imperial money of
Erythrae,29 the Axos (known only from coins) 30 and the
Aleon. The latter is mentioned by Pliny in N. H. v. 117
(ed. Detlefsen), as " Aleon fluvius," and he elsewhere
(xxxi. 14) mentions it among various streams said to be
possessed of miraculous properties : — " Erythris Aleos
[sic] amnis pilos gignit in corporibus."
CIDRAMUS (CARIA).
26. Obv.— N6PX1 NKAICAP Bust of young Nero r.,
beardless; head bare ; wears paludamentum and
cuirass.
Rev.— nOAeMHNC€A€YKOYKIAPA MH
NUN Goddess wearing chiton, veil, and
modius, standing facing ; fore-arms extended at
right angles from body.31
M. Size -8. [PI. XI. 3 rev.]
From the Bunbury Sale (II.), December, 1896, lot. 828.
27. Obv.— AVTKAIM AVA NTONCINOC CG B
29 Cp. Inihoof-Blunier, liev. Suisse, v., p. 306.
30 B. M. Cat., Ionia, p. 143, No. 237, PI. XVI. 14.
31 Cp. a similar coin in Mr. Loebbecke's Collection ; Z. f.
Num. xv., p. 52, No. 4 ; on Polemon and Seleucus, see Ham-
say, Cit. and B. Dinty., p. 185.
GRKEK COINS ACQUIRED BY THE BRITISH MUSEUM. 113
Bust of young Caracalla r., laur., wearing palu-
damentum and cuirass.
Rev.— KIAP AMH NUN Distyle Ionic temple within
which goddess, wearing flowing chiton, veil, and
modius, stands facing ; fore-arms extended at
right angles from body; beside her, on 1., ser-
pent.
M. Size 1-4. [PI. XL 5 rev.]
The figure on No. 26 is the goddess seen on several
coins of Cidramus.32 The formal arrangement of the
chiton and the awkward position of the arms show that a
primitive cultus-statue is represented. On one coin
(Caracalla), the goddess is represented by a terminal
figure.33 The drapery on No. 27, an unpublished coin,
is treated more realistically, but it seems likely, especially
from the position of the arms, that the same goddess is
intended as on No. 26.
The goddess of Cidramus is supposed by Imhoof-
Blumer 34 to be Artemis ; Head calls her Aphrodite, and
points to the existence of an undoubted Aphrodite on
another coin of the place.35 The serpent on the reverse of
No. 27 would rather seem to indicate that she was Deme-
ter, but these varying interpretations show the difficulty
of identifying with precision the primitive goddesses of
Asia Minor.36
32 Head, Brit. Mus. Cat., Caria, " Cidramus," Nos. 5, 6 ;
Imhoof-Blumer, Griech. M., p. 732, PI. XII. 9, 10.
33 Imhoof-Blumer, Monn. Gr., p. 897, No. 102; Choix, PL
V. 190.
34 Griech. M., p. 732.
15 B. M. Cat., Caria, pp. 81, 82 ; p. xlvii.
16 The female figure holding a basket on her head (B. M.
Cat., Caria, " Cidramus," No. 8) is apparently distinct from
the principal goddess of the city ; cp. similar types at Cibyra
and Sebastopolis, where, according to Imhoof-Blumer (Griech.
M., p. 674, No. 446), the goddess is either Artemis or Hekate.
VOL. XVIII. THIRD SERIES. Q
116 NUMISMATIC CHRONICLE.
CROESUS, KING OF LYDIA.
B.C. 560—546.
80. Obv. — Forepart of lion r. facing forepart of bull 1.
Rev. — Double incuse square.
N. Size -75. Wt. 164-2 grs. [PI. IX. 2.]
The heavy gold stater (168 grains) of Croesus has not,
hitherto, been represented in the British Museum, and is
much rarer than his light gold stater (126 grains).44
The stater of 168 grains was probably intended to be ex-
changed against the Euboic electrum staters of Samos,
and the stater of 126 grains against electrum coins of
the Milesian standard struck chiefly at Miletus, Ephesus,
and Chios.45
HIERAPOLIS (PHRYGIA).
81. Obv.— I€PATTOA€I TflN Head of young Dionysos
r., wreathed with ivy ; border of dots.
Rev. — 6VTTO CIA Euposia, wearing chiton, peplos,
and stephane, standing 1. ; in r., rudder; in 1.,
cornucopiae, in the bend of which is seated 1. a
naked infant (Ploutos) with r. hand raised to
pluck grapes from the cornucopiae. Border of
dots. (Imperial times, second century, A.D. ?).
M. Size 1-2. [PI. XL 7.]
From the Bunbury Sale (II.), December, 1896, lot 330.
This is larger and finer than the specimen already in
the British Museum, reproduced by Imhoof-Blumer in
been copied from the didrachms of Agesidamos, and it may be
regarded as certain that a copyist would not have reproduced
the ATHZIAAMOZ inscription in the incomplete and
obscure way in which it here appears.
44 Cp. Head, Coinage of Lydia and Persia, p. 19 f.
45 See Babelon in Eei\ NUM., 1895, p. 358 f.
GREEK COINS ACQUIRED BY THE BRITISH MUSEUM. 117
Monnaies yrecques, PI. G, No. 26, with an excellent com-
mentary (p. 401, No. HO).46
Euposia (or Eubosia) is referred to in several inscrip-
tions of Asia Minor, once in an inscription of Hierapolis
itself as Oea EuTroti/a. She was a goddess of agriculture,
fertility, and abundance, having some of the characteristics
of Demeter, Tyche, and Eirene.
SIDE (PAMPHYLIA).
82." Obv.— KOPNHAIACAAHNIN Bust of Salonina r.,
wearing stephane ; in front, I .
Rev.— CIAHTH N N eilKOPn N Hexastyle
temple, within which stands the Apollo of Side,47
looking 1. ; wears short chiton, chlamys, and
boots ; in r. patera ; 1. rests on sceptre ; in pedi-
ment, A.
M. Size 1-2. [PI. XI. 4 rev.]
This well-preserved specimen confirms the description
of the similar coin included in Brit. Mus. Cat., Lycia, &c.,
p. 163, No. 124.
BABIS (PISIDIA).
33. Obv.— . MK€TPOYCKA€KIOC • Bust of Heren-
nius Etruscus r. ; head bare.
Rev. — BAPH NfiN Men standing 1. ; r. foot on bu cra-
nium ; wears Phrygian cap, crescent at shoul-
46 See also Ramsay, Cities and Bishoprics of Phrygia, pp.
627,637 f. (Poppaea honoured as «' Sebaste Eubosia," "Im-
perial Fertility," in inscr. of Acmonia). Ramsay quotes
bteph. Byz. s.v. 'A£avot: — Ai/AoO 8e yevo/xei/ou crweA^ovres 01
Troi/xeVes ZOvov tvftoa-iav ytveo-Oai.
47 Cp. Z./. N., x. (1883), 3, PI. I. 2 = the same Apollo with
the inscr. AHOAAnNOC CIAHTOY.
118 NUMISMATIC CHRONICLE.
ders, short chiton and high boots ; in r. pine-
cone ; in 1. sceptre.
M. Size 1.
SELEUCIA (PISIDIA).
(Claudio-Seleucia).
34. 0&1.-AVTKAIACETT CeOVHPOCTTeP. . . Bust
of Sept. Severus r., laur., wearing paludamentum
and cuirass.
Rev.— KAAVAI[OC€] A 6YK6UJN Zeus, wear-
ing himation, seated 1. ; in his r. hand, Nike ;
1. hand on sceptre.
M. 1-35.
SELGE (PISIDIA).
35. Obv.— AYT'K-A AOM 'AYPHAIANON CEB'
Bust of Aurelian r., radiate, wearing paludumen-
tum and cuirass ; beneath, globe ; in front, H.
Rev.— C€AT 6I2N Male figure (bearded ?) standing
1., wearing modius and himation ; in r., patera ;
in 1., styrax ; in front, altar (or club ?) ; be-
hind (?)
M. Size 1-25. [PI. XL 8 rev.]
A new type, interesting in connexion with the styrax,
a shrub which grew in the neighbourhood of Selge and
which was represented on the coins. The Selgians evi-
dently regarded it as sacred and appear to have connected
it with their god Herakles.48 The divinity here repre-
sented is not, however, Herakles. The modius and
himation rather suggest Sarapis. The object before the
figure may be an altar, or possibly the club which appears
elsewhere at Selge.49
48 On the styrax types, see especially Imhoof-Blumer, Monn.
(jr., p. 342 f. ; cp. Wroth, Num. Chroii., 1892, p. 18; Hill,
B. M. Cat., Lycia, &c., p. cxvii.
49 E.g., on coin of Aurelian, near the styrax. ; B. M. Cat.,
Lycia, &c., p. 267, No. 80, PI. XLI. 6 ; 16., PI. XL. 6, 15, 16.
GREEK COINS ACQUIRED BY THE BRITISH MUSEUM. 119
SYEDRA (CiLiciA).
36. Obv.— KOPNHAIA CAAHNINAC 6 B Bast of
Salonina r. ; in front, I A.
Bev.— CV6A PGHNee MIC Two naked athle es
wrestling.
M. Size 1-1. [PI. XI. 9 rev.]
From the Bunbury Sale (II)., December, 1896, lot 386.
A contest of wrestling (TraXrj) in the Gerties — games at
which money-prizes were awarded (Cp. Longperier in
Revue numismatique, 1869-70, p. 61, f. ; PI. III. 6). The
athletic sports of Syedra are often referred to in its lapidary
inscriptions50 as forming part of the Qefjus rerpaer'yjpiK)}.
A victor veiKV]aas avfiptiav TraXrjv 6e/jLi^o^ is mentioned,
and another veiicrjaas Traifiwv TtaXyv OefjLitos
GYRENE.
87. Obv. — Head of bearded Zeus Ammon 1., laur.; horned;
beneath, APIZ (partly obscure).
Rev. — AI/I AS Y>l. Silphium ; slight circular incuse.
M. Size -95. Wt. 206 grs. [PL IX. 11.]
From the Bunbury Sale (II.), December, 1896, lot 727.
This coin, originally in the Bompois Collection,52 is of
better work than many of the Cyrenaic tetradrachms of
the period (circ. B.C. 431-321).
60 Heberdey and Wilhelm, Reisen in Kilikien (Wien, 1896),
p. 141 f.
11 Ib., Nos. 242, 237.
52 Engraved in Bompois, Med. . . . frappees dans la Cyrena-
'igue, PI. II. 7 ; p. 86, No. 13 ; cf. Mion. Sup. ix. p. 184, No. 30,
120 NUMISMATIC CHRONICLE.
38. Obv. — Head of Apollo r . , laur . ; hair long ; behind, quiver ; *
in front, uncertain object ; border.
Rev.— .NASY>I written between silphium plant and
palm-tree ; border of dots.
M. Size -8. Wt. 124 grs. [PI. IX. 13.]
From the Bunbury Sale (II.), December, 1896, lot 739.
A \ariety of this coin in the French collection was
published by Mionnet54 and by L. M tiller,55 who considered
the head (which is badly preserved], to be Ptolemy I.
Soter, and supposed that the reverse typified the union of
Gyrene and Libya under Ptolemy's sceptre. But the
head on the specimen here published is an undoubted
Apollo, though the coins doubtless belong to the period
after B.C. 322, during which the Cyrenaica was mainly
under Ptolemaic rule.56
A head of Apollo appears on other silver coins of this
period,57 and on the reverse of the bronze we find the
palm-tree as type, with the silphium as an adjunct.58
UNCERTAIN. (AEGEAN ISLANDS ?)
39. Obv.— Toad.
Ren. — Rude incuse square.
JR. Size -85. Wt. 189 grs. [PI. IX. 1.]
From the Montagu Sale, March, 1897, lot 235.
53 Not a spear-head as described in the Bunbury Calal.
Miiller (incorrectly ?) calls the symbol on the Paris coin a club,
and bases on it an argument for connecting the head with
Ptolemy I.
54 vi. p. 562, No. 79.
55 Num. de I'aiic. Afrique, Gyrene, No. 183 and p. 65.
56 Cp. Poole, B. M. Cat., Ptolemies, p. xx.f. ; p. xxviii.f.
57 Miiller, op. cit. Gyrene, No. 180.
58 Miiller, op. cit. Cyrene, No. 251 f.
K COINS ACQUIRED BY THE BRITISH MUSEUM. 121
This coin — a didrachm of the ^Eginetic standard— is
believed to be unique. There is, however, in the French
collection a drachm of the same type and standard which,
so far as can be judged from the description in Imhoof-
Blumer and Keller, Tier- und PflanzenUlder, PL VI., 39,
p. 42, belongs to the same mint and period as the didrachm.
The British Museum possesses an obol of the same
EQ
type.09
The didrachm recalls, in every particular, the seventh
and sixth century money of the Santorin Find,60 and
therefore probably belongs to one of the -ZEgean Islands,
or to the western coast of Asia Minor. The toad occurs
as a coin-type on aes grave of Italy,61 but representations
of it are extremely rare on ancient monuments. At the
early period to which our coin belongs each state and city
had, as a rule, its own distinctive and unchanging coin-
device, and the coin was probably struck by some mint to
which no archaic pieces have hitherto been attributed.62
UNCERTAIN. (LYCIA ?)
40. Obv. — Head and neck of bull 1.
Rev. — Incuse square divided into halves and containing
horizontal lines.
M. Size -5. Wt. 39 grs. [PI. IX. 3.
89 Obv. — Toad. Rev. — Incuse square divided diagonally.
/R. Wt. 1T7 grs. Acquired from a coin dealer in 1894.
60 Num. Chron., 1884, p. 269 f. ; PI. XII. (Wroth) ; cp. Num.
Chron., 1890, p. 13 f. (Greenwell).
51 Brit. Mus. Cat., Italy, Index of Types, « Toad." For the
frog as a coin-type, see Imhoof-Blumer and Keller, op. cit.,
PI. VI. 40, 41, and p. 43.
12 There is evidence that frogs were regarded as sacred to
Apollo. See M. Frankel, " Geweihter Frosch," in Jahrbuch d.
arch. Imt., i., p. 48 f.
VOL. XVIII. THIRD SERIES. R
122 NUMISMATIC CHRONICLE.
41. Obv. — Head and neck of bull 1.
Rev. — Incuse square divided into nine compartments, in
three of which a pellet is seen.
M. Size -6. Wt. 42-7 grs. [PL IX. 4.]
These coins were purchased of a resident in Smyrna
who states that they were found in the island of Nisy-
ros. Nothing in the style and types suggests that they
belong to Nisyros itself. The incuse squares seem most
to resemble some of the incuses found on early coins of
Lycia, B.C. 520-480 (cp. Hill, Brit. Mm. Cat., Lycia, PI. I.
ser. 1). The bull's head is treated in a curious " man-
nered " style not easily to be paralleled on coins. The
weight is suitable for Lycian money.
UNCERTAIN. (PHCENICIA ?)
42. Obv. — Herakles r., naked, preparing to strike with club,
held in r. hand, a lion which with his 1. hand
he grasps by the mane ; in the field 1. (near edge
of flan), D(?).
Rev. — Lion seated 1. with right paw raised above the
head of a bull standing 1. ; 63 dotted square ;
whole in incuse square.
JR. Size -55. Wt. 49 grs. [PL IX. 7.]
The types somewhat recall those of Citium, in Cyprus,64
but the coin has a closer resemblance to the staters that
have been attributed (Babelon, Perses achemdnides, p. Iv. ;
p. 46, Nos. 317, 318 ; PI. VIII. I.) to Baana, Phoenician
dynast, circ. 430. The fabric and border of dots are the
63 There is a slight incision in this part of the reverse.
64 The £ resembles the Cypriote (* = re, but being so near
the edge of the flan it may be incomplete.
EEK COINS ACQUIRED BY THE BRITISH MUSEUM. 123
same. The obverse in each case shows a group of
Herakles and the lion, our obverse being less archaic in
treatment and of somewhat later date. The reverse of
the Baana coin (Babelon, PL VIII. 1) has, however, the
type of a cow suckling a calf. Baana's coins are Persic
staters ; this coin would be a triobol of the same standard.
WARWICK WROTH.
NUMBERS OF THE LOTS PURCHASED BY THE BRITISH MUSEUM.
I. At the Bunbury Sale (second portion), December, 1896 : —
4, 8, 9, 11, 19, 20, 21, 28, 29, 31, 33, 50, 51, 52, 53, 55, 56,
59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 66, 67, 73, 76, 88, 89, 91, 96, 97, 105, 106,
118, 158, 168, 169, 170, 173, 174, 177, 180, 210, 228, 232,
256, 291, 292, 293, 294, 295, 296, 297, 298, 299, 303, 304,
306, 307, 308, 309, 310, 311, 314, 316, 317, 318, 321, 322,
323, 324, 325, 327, 328, 329, 330, 331, 332, 333, 334, 342,
344, 346, 354, 355, 356, 357, 359, 360, 361, 362, 363, 364,
367, 371, 374, 376, 377, 379, 382, 383, 384, 386, 387, 395,
398, 402, 415, 416, 417, 420, 421, 422, 424, 425, 428, 429,
447, 450, 468, 469, 471, 476, 477, 484, 485, 488, 502, 505,
510, 535, 544, 545, 548, 554, 558, 563, 577, 582, 583, 584,
586, 607, 608, 612, 613, 616, 626, 628, 630, 634, 635, 636,
637, 675, 691, 716, 726, 727, 734, 739, 746, 748, 761.
II. At the Montagu Sale (Greek, second *JDortion), March,
1897:— 25, 47, 68, 99, 100, 106, 109, 112, 113, 116, 118,
120, 122, 123, 124, 125, 126, 128, 130, 132, 134, 138, 141,
145, 149, 170, 171, 172, 173, 176, 189, 190, 235, 272, 283,
292, 294, 295, 304, 306, 309, 310, 326, 360, 361, 366, 382,
383, 402, 403, 452, 455, 571, 573.
Y.
POSIDIUM IN COELE-SYRIA.
THE coin of which a description follows has been in my
possession for many years. It was originally purchased
from a peasant in Syria by M. Peretier, French Consul
at Beyrut. It is Said to have been found not far from
that port.
Obv. — Baal seated 1. on chair without back, head facing,
lower part of body draped ; his 1. rests on sceptre,
in his r. he holds a vine-branch with bunch of
grapes. In field 1., thunderbolt. The whole in
linear border.
Eev. — PO^I Bearded head of Odysseus in conical cap
tor.
M. -55. Wt. 4-19 grammes (64'7 grains).
The letters behind the head of Odysseus are part of the
ethnic of one of the many maritime cities named after
Poseidon, and situated, as a rule, on or near promontories
on which (as being last lost to view by sailors putting out
POSIDIUM IN COELE-SYRIA. 125
to sea, and first sighted by those who came to land)
temples of the sea-god were most appropriately placed.
In deciding to which of the cities named after Poseidon
this coin is to be attributed, it is unnecessary to consider
any but the two following, in which alone a coin with the
obverse type of ours could have been struck :
Posidium in Cilicia Trachea (Kizliman Burnu).
Posidium in Cassiotis, south of the mouth of the Orontes.
Strabo, xvi. 751 : Tloaei'tiov TroXi^i/iy ; Ptol., v: 15, § 3 ;
Plin., N.H., v. 20 (79).
The resemblance of the obverse-type to the Cilician
Baal-Tars might at first suggest that the coin belongs to
the Cilician Posidium. Apart, however, from the im-
probability that this place was ever largely inhabited,
the thunderbolt as a symbol is foreign to Cilician coins
of this class. The provenance of the coin indicates a
Syrian origin, and I have therefore little hesitation in
attributing the coin to Posidium in Cassiotis. The Baal
of the obverse is then probably the god of Mount Casios.
S. M. ALISCHAN.
CONSTANTINOPLE.
VI.
A HOARD OF EOMAN COINS.
•
(See Plates XII.— XIV.)
SOME little time ago a large hoard of Roman denarii
caine into my hands, but I am not aware of the circum-
stances under which it was discovered, though I am led
to believe that it came from somewhere in the East of
England. There is every appearance of the coins having
all lain together, as the bulk of them were coated in a
similar manner with a thick layer of green substance,
probably some salt of copper. By heating the coins and
throwing them, while still hot, into cold water, this coat-
ing was removed ; and many coins previously much ob-
scured were found to exhibit their devices and inscriptions
in a remarkably fine condition.
The range in time of the coins in the hoard is unusu-
ally extensive, the whole period from the days of Nero to
those of Severus Alexander being more or less fully repre-
sented. Not counting the coins on which a head appears
on both the obverse and the reverse, there are portraits
of no less than thirty -four Emperors, Empresses, and
Caosars to be seen in the series. Roughly speaking, the
dates of the coins range from about A.D. 60 to certainly
so late as A.D. 230, or over a period of about one hundred
and seventy years ; and, as might reasonably have been
expected, the earliest coins exhibit considerable signs of
A HOARD OF ROMAN COINS.
127
wear, though their correct attribution is in all cases
possible.
Among the later coins there are numerous specimens
of the argenteus Antoninianus, first struck under Cara-
calla in A.D. 215. They are distinguished from the
ordinary denarii not only by their larger module, but
by the heads of the emperors upon them being radiated,
while those of the empresses are placed upon a crescent.
It is difficult to say what relation these larger pieces
bore in the currency to the smaller ordinary denarii,
though not improbably they were double denarii, but in
compiling the list of the coins I have thought it best to
place the Antoniniani in a separate category.
The following summary shows the distribution of the
coins : —
Nero .
Galba .
Vitellius
Vespasian
Titus .
Domitian
Nerva .
Trajan .
Hadrian
Sabina .
Aelius .
Antoninus Pius
Antoninus and Aurelius
Faustina I. .
Marcus Aurelius
Faustina II. .
Lucius Yerus
Lucilla .
Commodus
Crispina
Pertinax
Didius Julianus
2
1
4
39
5
18
6
102
122
6
1
215
1
70
114
56
26
14
247
8
3
1
Carried forward
1,061
128 NUMISMATIC CHRONICLE.
Brought forward .
Clodius Albinus ....
Septimius Severus ....
Julia Domna .....
,, ,, Antoniniani
Julia and Greta ....
Caracalla .....
,, Antoniniani
Plautilla
Geta
Macrinus ....
,, Antoniniani
Diadumenianus ....
Elagabalus ....
,, Antoniniani .
Julia Soaemias ....
Julia Maesa . . .
,, ,, Antoninianus
Severus Alexander .
Julia Mamaea ....
3,169
Among so many coins it might well be expected that
there would be some remarkable for their rarity or in-
terest, or for presenting new features either in their types
or legends ; but before calling attention to any such rari-
ties, it will be well to give a somewhat detailed list of the
hoard, with references to the second edition of Cohen's
Medailles Imperiales.
Instead of merely referring to the Nos. in Cohen, I
have thought it well to give the legends on the reverses
in full, together with a succinct description of the types.
Where a coin seems to have been unknown to Cohen, the
obverse is described as well as the reverse.
The argcntci Antoniniam of the time of Caracallu and
A HOARD OF ROMAN COINS.
129
his successors are placed in separate lists. They were
first struck in A.D. 215, and appear, as already observed,
to have been current as double denarii.
NERO.
IVPPITER CVSTOS. Jupiter seated 1.
SAL VS. Salus seated 1.
Cohen.
121 1
319 1
. 9
GALBA.
S.P.Q.E. OB C.S., in wreath.
GALBA AVG
Obv.— IMP. SEE.
as 285
— 1
VlTELLITJS.
CONCOEDIA P. E. Concord seated 1.
LIBEETAS EESTITVTA. Liberty standing r. .
No legend. Victory seated 1.
VESPASIANUS.
ANNONAAVG. Female seated 1. .
AVGVETEI. POT. Sacrificial instruments
COS. ITEE. FOET. EED. Fortune standing 1. .
COS. ITEE. FOET. EED. Fortune standing 1.
COS. ITEE. TE. POT. Peace seated 1., with
olive branch and caduceus. Obv. — IMP.
CAESAE VESPASIANVS AVG. Laureate
head r Not in C
COS. ITEE. TE. POT. Mars marching r. .
COS. VII. Eagle standing on altar .
COS. VIII. Mars marching 1
IMP. XIX. Sow and pigs 1
IMP. XIX. Modius with ears of corn
10VIS CVSTOS. Jupiter standing facing .
IVDAEA. Judaea seated r., trophy .
PON. MAX. TE. P. COS. V. Winged caduceus .
PON. MAX. TE. P. COS. V. Vespasian seated 1.
PON. MAX. TE. P. COS. V. Vespasian seated r.
PON. MAX. TE. P. COS. VI. Vespasian seated r.
PON. MAX. TE. P. COS. VI. Victory 1. on prow
PONTIF. MAXIM. Vespasian seated r. .
S.P.Q.E. OB C.S. ? in wreath ....
TRI. POT. II. COS. III. P. P. Peace seated 1.
Carried forward
VOL. XVIII. THIRD SERIES.
18 1
47&4S 2
120 1
28
45
81
84
— 4
2
2
1
1
)hen
2
87
1
120
1
125
2
213
2
216
1
222
3
226
1
362
2
363
1
364
3
365
7
368
2
386
1
516
1
566
3
— 39
46
130 NUMISMATIC CHRONICLE.
Brought forward .... . .
TITUS.
Cohen.
ANNONA AYG. Abundance seated 1. .171
COS. VI. Mars standing 1 65 1
TR. P. IX. IMP. XV. COS. VIII. P. P. Anchor
and dolphin 309 1
TE. P. IX. IMP. XV. COS. VIII. P. P. Thunder-
bolt on throne 319 2
DOMITIAN.
COS. IIII. Pegasus standing r 47 2
COS. V. Wolf and twins 1 51 1
IMP. XII. COS. XII. CENS. P. P. P. Pallas
on vessel 204 1
IMP. XIIII. COS. XIIII. CENS. P. P. P. Pallas
on vessel 236 1
IMP. XIX. COS. XIIII. CENS. P. P. P. Pallas
on vessel . 262
IMP. XXI. COS. XV. CENS. P. P. P. Pallas
standing 264 2
IMP. XXI. COS. XVI. CENS. P. P. P. Pallas
combating ....... 272 1
IMP. XXI. COS. XVI. CENS. P. P. P. Pallas
combating ....... 273 1
IMP. XXI. COS. XVI. CENS. P. P. P. Pallas
on vessel ....... 274 1
IMP. XXII. COS. XVI. CENS. P. P. P. Pallas
with spear 282 3
PEINCEPS IVVENTVTIS. Salus standing . 384 1
PRINCEPS IVVENTVTIS. Altar with garland . 397 1
TR. P. COS. VII. DES. VIII. P. P. Anchor and
dolphin , 568 1
Uninscribed. Domitian on horseback . . . 664 1
— 18
NERVA.
AEQVITAS AVGVST. Equity standing 1. . .31
CONCORDIA EXERCITVVM. Two hands joined 20 1
COS. III. PATER PATRIAE. Sacrificial instru-
ments ....... 48 1
IVSTITIA AVGVST. Justice seated 1. . . 101 1
LIBERT AS PVBLICA. Victory standing 1. .117 1
SALVS PVBLICA. Salus seated 1. 134 1
Carried forward
A HOARD OF ROMAN COINS. 131
Brought forward 75
TKAJAN.
Cohen.
AET. AVG. COS. V. SP.Q.E. OPTIMO PEINC.
Eternity standing 1. ... ..31
AET. AVG. S.P.Q.E. OPTIMO PEINCIPI.
Eternity standing 1. . . . .51
AEAB. ADQ. S.P.Q.E. OPTIMO PEINCIPI.
Arabia standing ..... 26 1
COS. V. P.P. S.P.Q.E. OPTIMO PEINCIPI. Eome •
standing 1 68 1
COS. V. P.P. S.P.Q.E. OPTIMO PEINC. Eome
seated 1 69 3
COS. V. P.P. S.P.Q.E. OPTIMO PEINC. Vic-
tory standing 1. . . . . . 74 6
COS. V. P.P. S.P.Q.E. OPTIMO PEINC. Vic-
tory marching 1. . . . . 77 4
COS. V. P.P. S.P.Q.E. OPTIMO PEINC. Peace
standing 1. with column . . . 83 3
COS. V. P.P. S.P.Q.E. OPTIMO PEINC. Hope
•walking 1. 84 3
COS. V. P.P. S.P.Q.E. OPTIMO PEINC. Equity
standing 1. 85 2
COS. V. P.P. S.P.Q.E. OPTIMO PEINC. Equity
seated 1 86 2
COS. V. P.P. S.P.Q.E. OPTIMO PEINC. Fortune
standing 1. 87 1
COS. V. P.P. S.P.Q.E. OPTIMO PEINC. Arabia
standing 1. 89 1
COS. V. P.P. S.P.Q.E. OPTIMO PEINC. Trophy 98 1
COS. V. P.P. S.P.Q.E. OPTIMO PEINC. Trophy 99 1
DANVVIVS. COS. V. P.P. OPTIMO PEINC.
Danube seated 1. 136 1
DIVVS PATEE TEAIAN. Trajan Sen. seated 1. 140 I
POET. EED. PAETHICO P. M. TE. P. COS. VI.
S.P.Q.E. Fortune seated 1. ... 150 1
FOET. EED. P.M. TE. P. COS. VI. S.P.Q.E.
Fortune seated 1. . . . . .154 3
PAETHICO P. M. TE. P. COS. VI. P. P. S. P. Q. E.
Mars walking r. 190 4
PAETHICO P. M. TE. P. COS. VI. P. P. S. P. Q. E.
Mars walking r. 2Egis on obv. . . as 190 1
PAETHICO P.M. TE. P. COS. VI. P.P. S.P.Q.E.
Peace standing 1. ..... 191 1
PAETHICO P. M. TE. P. COS. VI. P. P. S. P. Q. E.
Peace standing 1. ... 192 1
Carried forward . . 44 75
132
NUMISMATIC CHRONICLE.
Cohen.
Brought forward . . . . .44
PARTHICO P. M. TR. P. COS. VI. P. P. S. P. Q. R.
Valour standing r 193 2
PAX. COS. V. P.P. S.P.Q.R. OPTIMO PRINC.
Peace standing 1 196 1
P. M. TR. P. COS. II. P. P. Peace standing 1. . 209 1
P. M. TR. P. COS. III. P. P. Vesta seated 1. . 214 1
,, ,, Peace standing 1. 222 1
P. M. TR. P. COS. IIII. P. P. Mars marching r. . 228 1
„ Hercules on altar . 234 2
,, Abundance seated 1. 237 1
,, Victory facing . 240 4
,, Victory standing r. 241 1
,, Victory marching 1. 242 1
P. M. TR. P. COS. V. P. P. Victory crowning
Emperor 261 1
P. M. TR. P. COS. VI. P. P. S. P. Q. R. Mars
marching r. ...... 270
P. M. TR. P. COS. VI. P. P. S. P. Q. R. Valour
standing r. ...... 272 1
P. M. TR. P. COS. VI. P. P. S. P. Q. R. Genius
standing 1. ...... 276
P. M. TR. P. COS. VI. P. P. S. P. Q. R. Peace
standing 1 278 3
P. M. TR. P. COS. VI. P. P. S. P. U. R. Trajan
on column ...... 284 1
PONT. MAX. TR. POT. COS. II. Peace stand-
ing 1 292 1
PONT. MAX. TR. POT. COS. II. Victory
seated 1 295 1
PONT. MAX. TR. POT. COS. II. Abundance
seated 1 301 1
PONT. MAX. TR. POT. COS. II. Concord
seated 1 302 2
PRO. AVG. P. M. TR. P. COS. VI. P. P. S. P.Q.R.
Providence standing 1 308 1
PROVID. PARTHICO P. M. TR. P. COS. VI.
P. P. S. P. Q. R. Providence standing 1. . 314 3
PROVID. P. M.TR. P. COS. VI. P. P. S. P. Q. R.
Providence standing 1 315 2
S.P.Q.R. OPTIMO PRINCIPI. Ceres standing 1. 367
,, ,, ,, Mars marching r. 372 1
,, ,, ,, Genius standing
1. at altar 396 2
Carried forward
A HOARD OF ROMAN COINS.
Gotten.
Brought forward 84
S.P.Q.R. OPTIMO PRINCIPI. Valour standing r. 402 1
Peace standing 1. 412 1
Peace seated 1. . 417 3
Hope marching 1. 455 2
Equity standing 1. 462
Fortune seated 1. 481
Trajan on horse 1. 497
Dacian seated r. . 529
Dacian with trophy 538
Three standards . 577
TR. P. COS. II. P. P. Justin) seated 1. . .589
VIA TRAIANA S. P. Q. R. OPTIMO PRINCIPI.
Female seated 1. with wheel 648
133
— 102
HADRIAN.
ADOPTIO. PARTHIC. DIVI TRAIAN. AVG.
F. P. M. TR. P. COS. P. P. Trajan and
Hadrian taking hands .... 4 1
ADVENTVS AVG. Hadrian giving hand to
Rome 8(T 1
AEQVITAS AVG. Equity standing 1. .122 1
AETER. AVG. P. M. TR. P. COS. III. Eternity
standing, holding Sun and Moon . .131 2
ALEXANDRIA. Alexandria standing 1. .154 3
ANNONA AVG. Modius with ears of corn .170 2
CONCORD. P. M. TR. P. COS. II. Concord
seated 1. 252 4
CONCORD. P. M. TR. P. COS. DES. III. Con-
cord seated 1 253 1
COS. III. Pallas standing r 295 1
,, Diana standing r. . . . .315 1
,, Concord seated 1 328 1
,, Genius r., sacrificing . . . 335 1
,, Rome seated r. . . . .337 2
,, Rome standing 1. . . . 349 3
,, Valour standing r. . . . . 353 1
Victory seated 1. . .. . .362 2
,, Abundance seated 1. ... 379 1
,, Abundance standing 1. . . .381 2
Equity standing 1 382 1
Carried forward
134 NUMISMATIC CHRONICLE.
Cohen.
Brought forward 31 177
COS. III. Hope walking 1. . . . . 390 2
Modesty standing 1. ... 392 3
Modesty seated 1 393 2
Star on crescent . . . .461 1
Seven stars on crescent , 465 1
FEL
AVG. P. M. TE. P. COS. DESIG. III.
Felicity standing 1 598 1
FEL. AVG. P. M. TE. P. COS. III. Felicity
standing 1. 599 1
FEL. P. E. P. M. TE. P. COS. in. Felicity
seated 1 600 1
FELICITAS AVG. Felicity standing 1. . . 614 2
,, ,, Hadrian and Felicity taking
each other's hand 628 1
FELICITATI AVG. COS. III. P. P. Galley to 1. 652 1
FIDES PVBLICA. Fidelity standing r. . .716 1
FOET. EED. P. M. TE. P. COS. HI. Fortune
seated 1. ....... 747 1
FOET. EED. PAETH. F. DIVI NEE. NEP. P.
M. TE. P. COS. Fortune seated 1. . as 749 2
but NEP.
GEEMANIA. Germany standing r. . . 807 1
HILAE. P. E. P. M. TE. P. COS. III. Hilarity
standing 815 2
IVSTITIA PAETH. F. DIVI NEE. NEP. P. M.
TE. P. COS. Justice seated 1. . . . 874 1
LIB. PVB. P. M. TE. P. COS. III. Liberty
seated 1 904 1
LIB. PVB. P. M. TE. P. COS. III. Liberty
seated 1 905 2
LIB. PVB. P.M. TE. P. COS. III. Liberty stand-
ing 1 . . . 906 2
LIBEEALITAS AVG. COS. III. Liberality
standing r. ...... 917 1
MONETA AVG. Equity standing 1. . . 964 1
„ • 966 1
NILVS. Nile reclining r 987 1
PAETHIC. DIVI TEAIAN. AVG. F. P. M. TE.
P. COS. P. P. Emperors facing each other 1003 1
PIETAS P. M. TE. P. COS. II. Piety stand-
ing 1 1027 1
PIETAS AVG. Piety seated 1. . . as 1037 2
but Piety 1.
Carried forward . 'is 177
A HOARD OF ROMAN COINS. 135
Cohen.
Brought forward 68 177
P. M. TE. P. COS. DES. III. Peace standing 1. . 1049 1
P. M. TE. P. COS. III. Mars marching r. . .1072 4
,, ,, Genius standing 1. at altar 1093 1
„ „ Eome seated 1. . . 1102 2
,, ,, Eternity 1. holding sun
and moon . . . . . . .1114 1
P. M. TE. P. COS. III. Piety lifting both hands 1116 1
Equity standing 1. .1118 1
,, ,, Victory r., with trophy .1131 1
,, ,, Victory r., with trophy .1132 5
,, ,, Felicity standing 1. with
caduceus ....... 1143 1
P. M. TE. P. COS. III. Concord seated 1. .1149 2
,, „ Fortune standing 1. . 1157 1
,, Hadrian standing 1. . 1162 1
PEOVIDENTIA AVG. Providence standing 1. . 1204 1
EESTITVTOEI HISPANIAE. Emperor and
Province 1270 1
EOMA. Eome standing 1. holding palladium
[PI. XII., 1]. Obv.— HADEIANVS AVG.
COS. III. P. P. Laureate bust r. Not in
Cohen ....... — 1
EOMA FELIX. Eome seated 1. . . . 1304 2
EOMA FELIX COS. III. P. P. Eoine seated 1. 1306 1
EOMAE AETEENAE. Eome seated 1. . . 1312 1
EOMVLO CONDITOEI. Eomulus walking r. .1316 1
1318 1
SAL. AVG. P. M. TE. P. COS. III. Salus
seated 1. 1324 3
SALVS AVG. Salus standing 1. at altar . . 1329 1
,, ,, Salus standing 1. feeding serpent
coiled round altar 1334 1
SALVS AVG. Salus standing 1. feeding serpent
coiled round altar 1335 3
SALVS AVG. P. M. TE. P. COS. II. Salus
eeatedl 1350 2
SALVS AVG. P. M. TE. P. COS. DES. III.
Salus seated 1. 1352 1
SECVE. PVB. COS. III. P. P. Security seated 1. 1399 1
SPESP. E. Hope marching 1. . . .1413 1
TELLVS STABIL. Earth standing 1. . . 1427 3
TEANQVILLITAS AVG. COS. III. P. P. Tran-
quillity standing 1 1440 1
Carried forward 116 177
1:36
NUMISMATIC CHRONICLE.
Brought forward
VENERIS FELICIS. Venus seated 1.
VICTORIA AVG. Victory standing r.
Victory seated 1.
M. TR. P. COS. III.
Cohen.
1449
1454
1460
VOT. PVB. P.
standing r.
VOTA PVBLICA.
Piety
Hadrian standing 1. at altar 1481
SABINA.
CONCORDIA AVG. Concord seated 1.
IVNONI REGINAE. Juno standing 1. . .
VESTA. Vesta seated 1
Uninscribed. Piety standing 1. ..
AMICOY EAEY®EPAC ETOYC PSH (= 168)
Demeter standing 1. B. M.Cat., Pontus, p. 23.
[PI. XII. 2]
12
43
81
95
llfi
1
2
1
1
1
— 1!
AELIUS.
TR. POT. COS. II. Hope walking 1.
. 55
ANTONINUS Pius.
AEQVITAS AVG. Equity standing 1.
13
1
ANNONA AVG. Modius and ears of corn
33
2
AEOLLINI AVGVSTO. Apollo standing looking 1.
59
1
» » »
60
1
AVG. PIVS P. M. TR. P. COS. DES. II. Equity
standing 1. ......
78
1
AVG. PIVS P. M. TR. P. COS. II. Victory
marching r. ......
86
1
AVG. PIVS P. M. TR. P. COS. II. Two hands
and caduceus ......
92
1
AVG. PIVS P. M. TR. P. COS. II. Sacrificial
instruments ......
93
1
CLEMENTIA AVG. Clemency standing 1.
126
1
CONCORDIA AVG. Concord standing r. .
135
1
CONSEGRATIO. Eagle standing looking 1.
154
3
,, Eagle on altar
156
4
,, Funeral pyre
164
6
COS. IIII. Vesta standing 1. with simpulum
196
4
,, ,, ,, ,,
197
8
,, ,,
198
4
Carried forward
40 30G
A HOARD OF ROMAN COINS.
137
Brought forward ..
COS. nil. Vesta standing 1. with altar
j> » » »
,, ,, „ holding patera and
sceptre ......
COS. IIII. Equity standing 1. with sceptre
, , , , Equity standing 1. holding cornucopiae
COS. IIII. Felicity standing 1. . '
,, Fortune standing r. .
,, Salus 1., feeding serpent and holding
rudder .....
COS. IIII. Salus 1., feeding serpent and holding
rudder .....
COS. IIII. Abundance standing 1. with anchor .
» >> » »
,, Abundance 1. with modius on prow
„ Antonine 1. sacrificing at tripod
,, Hands joined, caduceus .
,, Throne and thunderbolt .
DIVO PIO. Antonine seated 1, ..
,, Column
Altar
FELIC. SAEC. COS. IIII. Felicity standing 1. .
FELICITATI AVG. COS. IIII. Felicity stand
ing 1. .....
FORTVNA COS. IIII. Fortune standing r. , with
rudder .....
FORTVNA OPSEQVENS COS. IIII. Fortune
1. with prow as No. 391 . .
FORTVNA OPSEQVENS COS. IIII. Fortune
r. with rudder ....
FORTVNA OPSEQVENS COS. IIII.
GENIO SENATVS. Genius standing 1.
1MPERATOR II. Victory standing 1.
ITALIA. Italy seated 1
Carried forward ..
VOL. XVITl. THIRD SERIES.
Cohen.
. .
40 300
. 199
5
. 200
nrl
3
lid
. 203
1
. 228
2
>iae 238
4
. 253
2
. 267
2
. 270
5
. 271
2
. 272
2
Qg
. 280
2
ing
. 281
3
r . 283
5
. 284
2
T . 286
1
. 288
1
. 290
2
. 291
10
. 292
4
. 293
1
. 304
2
. 344
3
. 345
1
. 352
2
. 353
1
. 357
2
I. . 359
j
1
1Q-
. 373
•J/L
2
itn
. 383
1
ne
of 385
1
ne
as 386
1
as 387
1
. 399
1
. 437
4
. 463
2
124 306
138
NUMISMATIC CHRONICLE.
Cohen.
Brought forward .....
LIB. IIII. TR. POT. COS. IIII. Liberality stand-
ing 1 490
LIB. IIII. TR. POT. COS. IIII. Liberality stand-
ing 1 491
LIBERALITAS VII. COS. III. Liberality stand
ingl 522
PACI AVG. COS. IIII. Peace standing 1. 573
PAX TR. POT. XV. COS. IIII. Peace stand
ing 1 585
PAX AVG. Peace standing 1. . . 588
PIETAS TR. POT. XV. COS. IIII. Piety with
altar r 617
PIETATI AVG. COS. IIII. Piety with children 631
PONT. MAX. TR. POT. COS. Boria Fides
standing r. ...... 663
PROVIDENTIAE DEORVM. Winged thunder-
bolt 681
ROMA COS. IIII. Rome seated 1. . . . 696
SALVTI AVG. COS. IIII. Salus standing 1. . 741
TRANQ. TR. POT. XIIII COS. IIII. Tran-
quillity standing r 825
TRANQ. TR. POT. XV. COS. IIII. Tranquillity
standing r. ...... 826
TR. P. COS. II. Sacrificial instruments . . 836
TR. POT. COS. II. Fortune standing 1. . . 859
,, ,, Two hands and caduceus . 871
,, ,, Sacrificial instruments . 877
TR. POT. COS. IIII. Soldier standing 1. . 945
TR. POT. XV. COS. IIII. Vesta standing L,
with simpulum 956
TR. POT. XIX. COS. IIII. (no P.P.) Ceres
seated 1 as 973
TR. POT. XIX. COS. IIII. Peace L, extending
right hand and holding cornucopise. Var. 979
TR. POT. XIX. COS. IIII. Salus seated 1.,
feeding serpent .....
TR. POT. XIX. COS. IIII. Abundance stand-
ing 1. ...
TR. POT. XIX. COS. IIII.
no globe under rudder
TR. POT. XIX. COS. IIII.
Abundance seated r.
Fortune standing r.,
124 306
4
1
2
2
1
2
1
1
on heads of two children
Piety placing hands
982
983
985
987
992
Carried forward
A HOARD OF ROMAN COINS.
139
Cohen.
Brought forward .....
TE. POT. XX. COS. IIII. Ceres seated 1. . 1006
,, ,, Abundance stand-
174
3
10
306
TE. POT. XX. COS. IIII. Abundance seated r. 1021
,, ,, Salus seated 1. . 1023
TE. POT. XXI COS. IIII. Abundance stand-
ing r. ...... 1039
1
3
4
TE. POT. XXI COS. IIII. Abundance stand-
ing 1. 1038
TEIB. POT. COS. Piety standing 1., at altar . 1062
VIETVS AVG. Valour standing 1. . . . 1088
VOTA SOL. DECENN. II. COS. IIII. Empe-
9
1
1
2
VOTA SVSCEP. DEC. III. COS. IIII. Empe-
ror sacrificing 1., TE. P. XXII. . as 1113
VOTA SVSCEPTA DEC. III. COS. IIII. Em-
peror sacrificing 1., no S. 0. . . as 1124
VOTA SVSCEPTA DEC. III. COS. IIII. Obv.
as 1115 . . . . . . 1124
3
2
1
TTnn.ftrtfvin . , ,
I
ANTONINUS AND AURELIUS . . . .15
FAUSTINA I.
AED. DIV. FAVSTINAE. Temple of six co-
lumns ... 1
1
2
215
1
AEIEENITAS. Eternity standing 1., with
phoenix . . 11
1
AETEENITAS. Eternity standing 1., raising
hands ... 26
5
AETEENITAS. Eternity veiled 1. holding globe 32
„ Eternity 1. holding globe and
sceptre (veiled bust) 34
AETEENITAS. Eternity r. arranging veil;
sceptre ... .... 40
AETEENITAS. Throne and sceptre . . 'il
AVGVSTA. Venus standing 1., holding apple
and buckler 73
AVGVSTA. Ceres r. holding two ears of corn
and a torch 83
Carried forward
1
2
1
1
1
3
17
522
140
NUMISMATIC CHRONICLE.
Cohen.
Brought forward .....
AVGVSTA. Ceres standing r., holding sceptre
and ears of corn ..... 94
AVGVSTA . Ceres standing 1. , holding torch and
sceptre ....... 96
AVGVSTA. Ceres standing L, lifting r. hand and
holding torch [PI. XII. 3] as 101
AVGVSTA. Ceres L, holding torch and her robe 104
,, Vesta standing L, with simpulum
and palladium 108
AVGVSTA. Vesta standing L, with patera and
palladium, at altar . . . . .116
AVGVSTA. Vesta seated 1., with patera and
sceptre . . . . . . .120
AVGVSTA. Piety standing 1., at altar . .124
CEEES. Ceres standing L, with two ears and
torch 136
CONCOEDIA AVG. Concord standing 1., with
patera and single cornucopise . . Var. 151
CONCOBDIAE. Antonine and Faustina . . 158
CONSECEATIO. Vesta 1., lifting right hand and
holding torch 165
CONSECEATIO. Peacock r. . . . .175
1VNO. Juno standing 1., with patera and sceptre 209
IVNONI BEGIN AE. Throne and sceptre . 219
PIETASAVG. Piety at altar 1. . . .234
VESTA. Vesta standing 1., holding palladium
and sceptre ...... 291
Uninscribed. Ceres standing r., holding two
ears and sceptre [PI. XII. 4] ... 297
17
3
11
— 70
MARCUS ATJRELIUS.
AEMEN. TE. P. XVIII. COS. III. Armenia
seated 1. 6
CLEM. TE. POT. III. COS. II. Clemency
standing 1. ...... 19
CONCOED. AVG. TE. P. XV. COS. III. Con-
cord seated 1. . . . . .30
CONCOBD. AVG. TE. P. XV. COS. III. Con-
cord seated 1 32
CONCOED. AVG. TE. P. XVI. COS. III. Con-
cord seated 1. . 35
Carried forward
12 592
A HOARD OF ROMAN COINS. 141
Cohen.
Brought forward 12 592
CONCOED. AVG. TE. P. XVII. COS. III. Con-
cord seated 1 37 2
CONSECEATIO. Eagle looking 1. . . . 78 1
COS. II. Hope marching 1. . . 103 I
COS. II. Peace standing 1. with olive branch and
cornucopias . . . . . . . 105 6
COS. III. Jupiter seated 1. .114 1
„ Mars marching r. . . . .126 1
,, Diana standing 1 130 1
,, Fortune standing 1. . . . .136 1
,, Salus standing r. with serpent . .139 1
COS. III. P. P. Pallas standing 1. . . . 142 1
DE GEEM. TE. P. XXXI. IMP. VIII. COS. III.
P. P. Pile of arms. [PL XII. 5] . .156 1
FOET. EED. TE. P. XXII. IMP. V. COS. III.
Fortune seated 1 208 1
HONOS. Honour standing 1. with branch and
cornucopiae ...... 236 1
IMP. VI. COS. III. Mars marching r. . . 254 1
,, „ Equity standing 1. . .251 1
,, ,, Victory marching 1. . . 265 1
„ ,, Victory marching 1., but
XXV as 265 1
IMP. VI. COS. III. Mars standing r. . . 290 1
,, ,, German seated r., trophy . 296 1
,, ,, Aurelius standing 1. . . 305 1
IMP. VII. COS. III. Mars marching r. . . 314 1
,, ,, Victory marching r. . 325 1
IVSTITIA AVG. TE. P. XXXIII. IMP. X. COS.
III. P. P. Justice seated 1 385 1
IVVENTAS. Youth at altar 1 389 2
PAX TE. P. XX. IMP. IIII. COS. III. Peace
standing 1. 435 1
PAX AVG. TE. P. XX. COS. III. Peace stand-
ing 1 437 1
PAX AVG. TE. P. XXX. IMP. VIII. COS. III.
Peace 1. setting fire to arms .... 438 1
PIETAS AVG. TE. P. XX. COS. III. Piety 1.
at altar 463 1
P. M. TE. P. XVIII. COS. III. Mars standing r. 469 2
P. M. TE. P. XIX. IMP. II. COS. III. Mars
standing r. 472 1
Carried forward 50 592
142
NUMISMATIC CHRONICLE.
Brought forward ....
P. M. TE. P. XIX. IMP. II. COS. III. Abun-
dance standing I. .
P. M. TE. P. XIX. IMP. II. COS. III. Felicity
standing 1. ......
P. M. TE. P. XIX. IMP. III. COS. II. Eome
seated 1
PEOV. DEOE. TE. P. XV. COS. III. Provi-
dence standing 1. .....
PEOV. DEOE. TE. P. XVII. COS. III. Provi-
dence standing 1. . . .
PEOV. DEOE. TE. P. XVII. COS. III. Provi-
dence standing 1.
EELIG. AVG. IMP. VI. COS. III. Mercury
standing facing .....
SALVTI AVG. COS. III. Salus 1. feeding ser-
pent .......
TE. POT. II. COS. II. Pallas standing r.
TE. POT. III. COS. II. Pallas standing r.
TE. POT. VIII. COS. II. Genius of the Army
standing 1. ......
TE. POT. VIIII. COS. II. Pallas standing 1. .
TE. POT. X. COS. II. Genius standing r.
>, ,, ,, Equity standing 1.
,, ,, ,, Equity standing 1.
TE. POT. XI. COS. II. Soldier standing 1.
TE. POT. XII. COS. II. Felicity standing 1. .
» ,, ,, Hope walking 1.
TE. POT. XIIII. COS. II. Pallas inarching r.
,, ,, ,, Mars standing look-
ing 1. ......
TE. POT. XV. COS. III. Emperor standing 1.'
TE. P. XVIII. ? IMP. II. COS. III. Equity
standing 1. with balance and cornucopia'. —
Obv. M. ANTONINVS AVG. AEM.PARTH.
MAX. Laureate head r. Not in Cohen .
TE. P. XVIII. COS. III. Pallas standing 1. .
TE. P. XX. IMP. III/. COS. III. Victory
writing VIC. PAE. on shield [PI. XII. 6] .
TE. P. XXI. IMP. IIII. COS. III. Providence
standing 1. .....
TE. P. XXI. IMP. IIII. COS. III. Equity
standing 1. ....
Cohen.
474
476
481
507
522
525
530
543
608
618
673
676
700
701
702
721
729
731
762
764
785
50 592
2
1
2
3
1
1
1
4
2
2
2
3
1
2
1
4
7
1
2
1
1
— 1
849 1
878 3
881 1
882 3
Carried forward
103 592
A HOARD OF ROMAN COINS.
143
Cohen.
Brought forward .....
TR. P. XXV. IMP. V. COS. III. Equity seated 1. 906
TR. P. XXXI. IMP. VIII. COS. III. P. P. Salus
at altar 1. £44
TR. P. XXXI. IMP. VIII. COS. III. P. P.
Female 1. with globe and legionary eagle . 945
TR. P. XXXI. IMP. VIII. COS. III. P.P. Vic-
tory 1. . . . . . . .949
TR. P. XXXIII. IMP. X. COS. III. P. P.
Fortune seated 1 967
TR. P. XXXIII. IMP. X. COS. III. P. P.
Salus seated 1. 968
VOTA SVSCEP. DECENN. II. COS. III.
Emperor 1. at altar 1036
103 592
1
2
1
1
3
— 114
FAUSTINA II.
AETERNITAS. Eternity looking 1. holding torch 1 1
,, Eternity 1. holding phoenix . 6 2
AVGVSTI PII FIL. Venus standing 1. with
buckler 15 6
AVGVSTI PII FIL. Concord standing 1. with
patera 21 2
AVGVSTI PII FIL. Hope standing 1. . 24 4
CERES. Ceres seated 1 35 2
CONCORD IA. Concord standing 1. 44 1
,, Concord seated 1. . .54 8
CONSECRATIO. Peacock standing r. . .71 1
Throne .... 73 2
DIANA LVCIF. Diana standing 1. 85 2
FECVNDITAS. Fecundity standing r. . .99. 5
HILARITAS. Hilaritas standing 1. . .111 3
IVNO. Juno standing 1 120 6
LAETITIA. Joy standing 1 148 1
MATRIMAGNAE. Cybele seated 1. . .172 1
PVDICITIA. Modesty standing 1. at altar .184 2
SAECVLI FELICIT. Throne . . .190 2
SAL VS. Salus standing 1. with snake at altar .197 1
VENVS. Venus standing 1 254 3
VENVS GENETRIX. Venus standing 1. with
buckler 280 1
— 56
Carried forward
762
144
NUMISMATIC CHRONICLE.
Brought forward
Lucius VERUS.
ARMEN. TR. P. nil. IMP. II. COS. II.
Armenia seated 1
CONSECRATIO. Eagle looking 1. [PI. XII. 7]
,, Funeral pyre
FORT. RED. TR. P. VIII. IMP. V. COS. III.
Fortune seated 1
PAX AVGK TR. P. VI. COS. II. Peace stand-
ing 1
PROV. DEOR. TR. P. COS. II. Providence
standing: 1. ... ...
PROV. DEOR. TR. P. II. COS. II. Providence
standing 1. ......
PROV. DEOR. TR. P. III. COS. II. Providence
standing 1. ......
TR. P. IIII. IMP. II. COS. II. Mars standing r.
TR. P. V. IMP. II. COS. II. Mars standing r.
,, ,, ,, Rome standing 1.
TR. P. V. IMP. III. COS. II. Armenia seated r.
TR. P. VI. IMP. IIII. COS. II. Victory r. in-
scribing VIC. PAR. on shield .
TR. P. VII. IMP. IIII. COS. III. Equity stand-
ing 1
TR. P. VIII. IMP. IIII. COS. III. Victory
marching 1. As 312 but IIII. .
TR. P. VIII. IMP. V. COS. III. Equity seated 1.
VICT. AVG. TR. P. VI. COS. II. Victory 1. .
762
Cohen.
6
1
55
1
58
1
111
2
127
1
144
1
152
1
156
1
229
4
263
1
269
1
273
2
279
2
297
3
312
2
318
1
339
1
LUCILLA.
CONCORDIA. Concord seated 1.
DIANA LVCIFERA. Diana standing 1.
IVNO REGINA. Juno standing 1. .
PIETAS. Piety standing 1. at altar .
PVDICITIA. Pudicitia standing 1. .
,, ,, seated 1.
VENVS VICTRIX. Venus standing 1.
VESTA. Vesta standing 1. at altar .
6
7
16
41
50
60
62
89
92
Carried forward .
802
A HOARD OF ROMAN COINS. 115
Brought forward . ... 802
COMMODUS.
Cohen.
ANN. P. M. TR. P. VII1I. IMP. VII. COS. IIII.
P. P. Abundance standing 1. . .17 2
APOL. MONET. P. M. TE. P. XV. COS. VI.
Apollo standing: r. . . . .22 5
APOL. PAL. P. M. TR. P. XVI. COS. VI.
Apollo 1. at column ..... 24 1
APOL. PAL. P. M. TR. P. XVI. COS. VI.
Apollo r. at column . . . . 25 7
APOLL1NI PALATINO. Apollo r. at column . 30 1
AVCf. PIET. P. M. TR. P. XII. IMP. VIII. COS.
V. P. P. Piety standing 1. at altar . . 34 2
CONG. COM. P. M. TR. P. XVI. COS. VI. Con-
cord standing 1. 45 1
CONG. MIL. P. M. TR. P. XI. IMP. VII. COS.
IIII. P. P. Concord 1. between two standards 53 4
COS. P. P. Salus seated 1 66 1
FEL. AVG. P. M. TR. P. X. IMP. VII. COS.
IIII. P. P. Felicity standing 1. . .112 3
FEL. AVG. P. M. TR. P. XI. IMP. VII. COS.
IIII. P. P. Felicity standing 1. . .114 1
FEL. P. M. TR. P. X. IMP. VII. COS. IIII. P. P.
Felicity standing 1 .117 1
FELIO. PERPETVA AVG. Felicity giving her
hand to Commodus . . . . .120 2
FIDEI COHORTIVM AVG. Fidelity standing 1. 124 1
FIDEI COH. P. M. TR. P. XVI. COS. VI. Fi-
delity standing 1 127 4
FOR. FEL. P. M. TR. P. XI III. COS. V. DES.
VI. Fortune standing 1. . . . . 146 1
FOR. RED.— P. M. TR. P. XI. IMP. VII. COS.
V. P. P. Fortune seated 1. . . .152 2
FOR. RED.— P. M. TR. P. XI. IMP. VII. COS.
V. P. P. Fortune seated 1. Obv. as 148 .152 1
FORT. FEL. P. M. TR. P. XIIII. COS. V. P. P.
Fortune standing 1. . . . . . 162 2
GEN. AVG. FELIC. COS. VI. Genius standing
at nltnr 1. ... 172 1
GEN. AVG. FELIC. COS. V. Genius standing
at altar 1. . . . . . .173 2
HERCVLI ROMANO AVG. Bow, club, quiver .' 195 1
»> ,, Hercules placing
helmet on trophy 202 8
Carried forward 54 802
VOL. XVIIT. THIRD SERIES. U
146
NUMISMATIC CHRONICLE.
Cohen.
Brought forward ..... 54
HILAE. AVG. P. M. TR. P. XII. IMP. VIII.
COS. V. P. P. Joy standing with palm and
cornucopise ...... 212 8
I. 0. M. SPONSOE SEC. AVG. Commodus and
Jupiter standing [PI. XII. 8] . . .239 2
IOV. EXSVP. P. M. TE. P. XII. IMP. VIII. COS.
V. P. P. Jupiter seated 1. . . .242 2
IOVI DEFENS. SALVTIS AVG. Jupiter 1., in field
seven stars 245 7
IOVI IVVEN. P. M. TE. P. XIIII. COS. V. P. P.
Jupiter standing 1 259 2
LAETITIAE AVG. Joy standing 1. . . .279 1
LIB. AVG. P. M. TE. P. XI. IMP. VII. COS V.
P. P. Liberty standing 1 280 1
LIB. AVG. P. M. TE. P. XV. COS. VI. Liberty
standing 1 282 2
LIB. AVG. P. M. TE. P. XVI. COS. VII. P. P.
Liberty standing 1 286 1
LIB. AVG. P. M. TE. P. XVII. COS. VII. P. P.
Liberty standing 1 288 10
LIB. AVG. V. TE. P. VII. IMP. IIII. COS. III.
P.P. Liberality standing 1. . . .311 4
LIB. AVG. VI. P. M. TE. P. XI. IMP. VII. COS.
V. P. P. Commodus seated 1. . . .315 1
As 315 but Liberality standing 1. . .316 1
LIBEEALITAS AVG. VII. Liberality stand-
ing 1 . . .323 1
LIB. AVG. VIII. P. M. TE. P. XVII. COS. VII. '
P. P. Liberality standing 1. . . ,325 3
LIBEET. AVG. P. M. TE. P. XI. IMP. VII. COS.
V. P. P. Liberty standing 1. . . .340 1
MAET. PAC. P. M. TE. P. XIIII. COS. V. P. P.
Mars standing 1 350 2
MIN. AVG. P. M. TE. P. XVI. COS. VI. Min-
erva to r. looking back .... 358 5
MIN. VIC. P. M. TE. P. XIIII. COS. V. P. P.
Minerva 1. with trophy .... 365 1
NOBILIT. AVG. P. M. TE. P. XII. IMP. VIII.
COS. V. P. P. Nobility standing r. . .385 4
OPTIME MAXIME C. V. P." P. Jupiter standing
1. with spear and fulmen . . . .387 3
PATEE SENAT. P. M. TE. P. XII. IMP. VIII.
COS. V. P. P. Commodus standing 1. . .397 6
Carried forward
122 802
A HOARD OF ROMAN COINS. 147
Cohen.
Brought forward 122 802
P. M. TE. P. VIIII. IMP. VI. COS. IIII. P. P.
Pallas standing r 424 2
P. M. TR. P. VIIII. IMP. VI. COS. IIII. P. P.
Abundance standing 1. ... . 445 1
P. M. TE. P. VIIII. IMP. VI. COS. IIII. P. P.
Modius with ears of corn .... 447 2
P. M. TE. P. VIIII. IMP. VI. COS. IIII. P. P.
Bona Fides with fruit . . .448 1
Same withCOMM. ANT. AVG. P. BEIT. . Var. 449 1
P. M. TE, P. VIIII. IMP. VII. COS. IIII. P. P.
Eome standing: 1 460 1
P. M. TE. P. VIIII. IMP. VII. COS. IIII. P. P.
Bona Fides standing r. with corn and fruit . 463 1
Same with COMM.ANT. AVG. P. BRIT. . Var. 463 1
P. M. TE. P. XI. IMP. VII. COS. V. P. P. Jupi-
ter seated 1 486 1
P. M. TE. P. XL IMP. VII. COS. V. P. P. Vic-
tory marching 1. . . . . . . 492 2
P. M. TE. P. XI. IMP. VII. COS. V. P. P. Equity
standing 1. 499 1
P. M. TE. P. XI. IMP. VII. COS. V. P. P. Emperor
seated 1. . . . . . . 504 2
P. M. TE. P. XII. IMP. VIII. COS. V. P. P. Peace
1. with caduceus ...... 523 4
P. M. TE. P. XIII. IMP. VIII. COS. V. P. P. Genius
standing 1. 532 2
P.M. TE.P.XIII.IMP. VIII. COS. V. P.P. Equity
standing 1. 536 3
P. M. TE. P. XIII. IMP. VIII. COS. V. P. P.
Liberty standing 1 542 1
P. M. TE. P. XIII. IMP. VIII. COS. V. P. P.
Salus seated 1. ...... 544 2
P. M. TE. P, XIII. IMP. VIII. COS. V. P. P.
Jupiter standing 1. with spear and fulmen.
Unpublished . . . . . — ]
P. M. TE. P. XV. IMP. VIII. COS. V. P. P.
Commodus seated 1. . . . . 555 bis 2
P. M. TE. P. XVII. IMP. VIII. COS. VII. P. P.
Victory marching 1. . . . . ,568 8
P. M. TE. P. XVII. IMP. VIII. COS. VII. P. P.
Peace standing 1 571 2
P. M. TE. P. XVII. IMP. VIII. COS. VII. P. P.
Piety seated 1. . ... 574 9
Carried forward 172 802
148
NUMISMATIC CHRONICLE.
Brought forward ....
P. M. TE. P. XVII. IMP. VIII. COS. VII. P. P.
Fortune standing 1.
P. M. TR. P. XVII. IMP. VIII. COS. VII. P. P.
Commodus holding standard r. .
P. M. TR. P. XVII. IMP. VIII. COS. VII. P. P.
Fidelity standing 1. with sceptre and cornu-
copise ; some, star in field ....
PRINC. 1WENT. Commodus and trophy
PROVIDENTIAE AVG. Hercules and Africa .
ROM. AETER. P. M. TR. P. XIII. COS. V. P. P.
Rome seated 1. ; reads FEL. on obv.
ROM. FEL. P. M. TR. P. COS. VI. Rome seated 1.
ROM. P. M. TR. P. VHIL IMP. VII. COS. IIII.
P. P. Rome seated 1
ROM. P. M. TR. P. X. IMP. VII. COS. IIII.
P. P. Rome seated 1. ....
SAEC. FEL. P. M. TR. P. XI. IMP. VII. COS. V.
P. P. Victory w iting VO.DE. on shield .
SEC. ORB. P. M. TR. P. XHIt. COS. V. DES. VI.
Security seated 1. .....
SEC. ORB. P. M. TR. P. XIIII.COS. V. DES. VI.
Security seated 1. Variety
SECVR. ORB. P. M. TR. P. XIIII. COS. V. P. P.
Security seated 1.
TEMP. FELIC. P. M. TR. P. XV. COS. VI.
Caduceus between two cornucopise
TR. P. II. COS. P. P. Salus standing 1. .
„ ,, Fides standing 1. with
standard .......
TR. P. II. IMP. III. COS. P. P. Salus seated 1.
,, ,, ,, Ceres seated 1.
TR. P. IIII. IMP. III. COS. II. P. P. Victory
seated 1
TR. P. V. IMP. III. COS. II. P. P. Fortune
peated 1
TR. P. V. IMP. IIII COS. II. P.P. Trophy
between two captives .....
TR. P. VI. IMP. IIII. COS. III. P. P. Peace
standing 1. with caduceus .
TR. P. VI. IMP. IIII. COS. III. P. P. Peace
standing 1. ......
TR. P. VI. IMP. III. COS. III. P. P. Abundance
standing 1.
Cohen.
. 172
578
583
586
609
643
649
655
658
661
664
695
697
719
746
747
762
763
775
779
791
805
806
811
10
1
2
1
4
Carried forward
216 S02
A HOARD OF ROMAN COINS. 149
Cohen.
Brought forward 216 802
TE. P. VI. IMP. III1. COS. III. P. P. Abun-
dance standing 1. . . . . .811 2
TE. P. VII. IMP. IIII. COS. III. P. P. Mars
marching 1 821 1
TE. P. VII. IMP. V. COS. III. P. P. Borne
standing 1. 843 1
TR. P. VII. IMP. V. COS. III. P. P. Salus
standing 1. ...... 845 2
TE. P. VIII. IMP. VI. COS. IIII. P. P. Mars
marching r. ...... 878 2
TE. P. VIII. IMP. VI. COS. IIII. P. P. Equity
standing J 892 1
TE. P. VIII. IMP. VI. COS. IIII. P. P. Peace
standing 1 906 3
TR. P. VIII. IMP. VI. COS. IIII. P. P. Salus
standing 1 903 1
TR. P. VIII. IMP. VI. COS. IIII. P. P. Provi-
dence standing 1. ...... 905 2
TR. P. VIIIL IMP. VI. COS. IIII. P. P. Pallas
marching r. ...... 914 I
TR. P. VIIIL IMP. VI. COS. IIII. P. P. Peace
standing 1 928 1
TR. P. VIIIL IMP. VI. COS. mi. P. P. Equity
standing 1 932 2
VICTORIAE FELICI C. V. P. P. Victory 1. . 952 1
VIRTVT. AVG. P. M. TR. P. XII. IMP. VIII.
COS V. P. P. Valour standing 1. . .966 2
VOTA SOLV. PRO SAL. P. R. Emperor sacri-
ficing 1 984 4
VOT. SOL. DEC. P. M. TR. P. XL IMP. VIII.
COS. V. P. P. Emperor sacrificing . . 1000 3
VOT. SVSC. DEC. P. M. TR. P. VIIIL IMP. VII.
COS. IIII. P. P. Emperor 1. sacrificing . 1003 2
— 247
CBISPINA.
CERES. Ceres standing 1. with ears of corn and
torch 14
CONCORDIA. Concord standing 1. with patera
and cornucopise . . . 5
DIS GENITALIBVS. Altar. [PI. XII. 9] . 16
Carried forward . . . 10o7
150
NUMISMATIC CHRONICLE.
Brought forward
PERTINAX.
Cohen.
LAETITIA TEMPOR. COS. II. Laetitia stand-
ing 1. with garland and sceptre. [Pi. XII. 10] 20
OPI DIVIN.TR. P. COS. II. Divine Aid seated
1. [Pi. XII. 11] 33 2
DlDIUS JULIANUS.
IMP. CABS. M. DID. IVLIAN. AVG. Laureate
head r.
CONCORD. MILIT. Concord standing 1. holding
two standards . . var. of 2
CLODIUS ALBINUS.
COS. II. ^Baculapiua standing 1. [PL XII. 12] 9
FELICITAS COS. II. Felicitas standing 1. wiih
caduceus and sceptre . . . .15
PROVID. AVG. COS. Providence standing 1.
with sceptre, globe at feet . . . .55
PEOVID. AVG. COS. Providence standing 1.
with sceptre, globe at feet . . 5S
EOMAE AETEBNAE. Rome seated 1. 60
SEPTIMIUS SEVERUS.
ADVENT. AVG. Severus on horseback 1. soldier
in front. [PL XII. 15] ....
ADVENTVI AVG. FELICISSIMO. Emperor
on horseback r. .....
AEQVITATI AVGG. Equity standing 1. with
balance and cornucopia ....
AFRICA. Africa standing r. ; lion at feet .
ANNONAE AVGG. Abundance standing 1.
ARAB. AD TAB. COS. II. P. P. Victory 1.
BONA SPES. Hope marching 1. with flower .
BONA SPES. Bona Fides standing 1. with basket
of fruits and two ears of corn, unpublished
[PL XII. 17]
21
25
30
37
39
50
56
Carried forward
28 1069
A HOARD OF ROMAN COINS. 151
Cohen.
Brought forward 28 1069
BONI EVENTVS. Bona Fides 1., holding basket
of fruit and ear of corn . . .66 1
CERER. FRVGIF. Ceres standing 1. with sceptre
and ears of corn ..... 70 1
CONCORDIAE MILITVM. Concord 1. holding
two standards 76 1
CONCORDIAE MILITVM. Concord 1. holding
two standards ...... 78 3
COS. II. P. P. Victory L, with garland and
palm 96 38
COS. II. P. P. Victory L, with garland and
palm 98 3
COS. III. P. P. Victory L, with garland and
palm . . . . . . .102 3
FELICITAS AVGG. Felicitas standing 1., with
caduceus and cornucopise . . . .135 4
FELICITAS TEMPOR. Ear of corn between
two cornucopise 142 2
FIDEI LEG. TR. P. COS. Fides standing 1. . H6 1
FORTVN. REDVC. Fortune standiDg 1. . .174 1
FORTVN. REDVC. Fortune seated 1. . .177 1
FORTVNA REDVX ,, , . .18! 7
FORTVNA. REDVCI „ . . .185 1
FORTVNAE REDVCI „ ... 188 1
FORTVNAE AVGG. Fortune standing 1. .195 1
FVNDATOR PACIS. Veiled emperor 1. holding
branch ....... 203 3
FVNDATOR PACIS. Veiled emperor 1. holding
branch 205 2
GENIVS P. R. Genius 1. at altar . . .209 2
HERCVLI DEFENS. Hercules standing r. with
club and bow . . . . . .210 4
INDVLGENTIA AVG. Indulgentia seated 1.
with patera and s. ..... 216 4
INDVLGENTIA AVGG IN CARTH. Cybele
on lion r 222 21
IOVI CONSERVATORI. Jupiter seated 1. as 236 2
IOVI. . . CTOHI. Jupiter seated L, holding a
Victory and sceptre. Obv. — L. SEPT. SEV.
PERT. AVG. IMP. I. Laureate head r.
[PI. XII. 18]. Unpublished .... 1
1VSTIT1A. Justice seated 1. . . . . 251 5
Carried forward , 141 1069
152 NUMISMATIC CHRONICLE.
Cohen.
Brought forward 141 10G9
LEO. II. ITAL. TE. P. COS. Eagle between
two standards 261 1
LEG. IIH. FL. TR. P. COS. Eagle between
two standards. [PI. XII. 14] . . . 264 1
LEG. XIIII. GEM. M. V. TE. P. COS. Eagle
between two standards . . . .272 5
LIBEEAL. AVG. COS. Liberality standing 1. .281 5
LIBEEA. AVG. Liberality standing 1. . .283 1
LIB. AVG. III. P. M. TE. P. X. COS. III. P. P.
Liberality standing 1. . . . .291 2
IIII. LIBEEALITAS AVGG. Liberality stand-
ing 1 293 1
LIBEEALITAS AVG. VI. Liberality standing 1. 298 4
LIBEEO PATEI. Bacchus 1. with thyrsus . 301
,, ,, ,, r. crowning himself . 304 4
LIBEETAS AVGG. Liberty standing 1. . .306 4
MAES PACATOE. Mars standing 1. . .309 2
MAES PATEE. Mars marching r. . . .311 3
MARTI PACIFEEO. Mars standing 1. holding
branch 315 2
MAETI VICTOEI. Mars standing r. with shield 319 2
320 4
MONET. AVG. Moneta standing 1. . . 330 5
„ 331 1
MONETA AVGG. Moneta seated 1. . . 345 14
PACI AETEENAE. Peace seated 1. . . .357 1
PAE. AE. AD. TE. P. VI. COS. II. P. P. Vic-
tory marching 1. . . . . . 361 5
PAET. AEAB. PAET. ADIAB. COS. II. P. P.
Two captives 363 1
PAE. AE. AD. TE. P. VI. COS. II. P. P. Trophy
and two captives. Obv.—Ij. SEPT. SEVEEVS
PEE. AVG. P. M. IMP. XI. Laureate
head r Variety 369 2
PAET. MAX. P. M. TE. P. VIIII. Trophy and
two captives ..... . 370 15
PAET. MAX. P. M. TE. P. X. Trophy and
two captives 372 3
PAET. MAX. P. M. TE. P. X. COS. III. P. P.
Trophy and two captives .... 373
P. M. TE. P. II. COS. II. P. P. Jupiter seated 1. 380 3
„ „ Pa lias standing 1. 381 2
P. M. TE. P. II. COS. II. P. P. Fortune stand-
1. with rudder 385 1
Carried forward . 242 1009
A HOARD OF ROMAN COINS. 153
Cohen.
Brought forward 242 1 069
P. M. TR. P. II. COS. II. P. P. Fortune stand-
ing 1. with rudder 386 1
P. M. TE. P. III. COS. II. P. P. Apollo stand-
ing 1. [PI. XII. 16] .... 389 1
P. M. TE. P. III. COS. II. P. P. Pallas stand-
ing 1 390 6
P. M. TE. P. III. COS. II. P. P. Pallas stand-
ing 1 391 3
P. M. TE. P. III. COS. II. P. P. Mars march-
ing r 395 1
P. M. TE. P. III. COS. II. P. P. Mars inarch-
ing r 396 7
P. M. TE. P. III. COS. II. P. P. Mars march-
ing r. . . . . . .397 4
P. M. TE. P. IIII. COS. II. P. P. Pallas stand-
ing 1 417 2
P. M. TE. P. IIII. COS. II. P. P. Victory
marching 1. ...... 419 3
P. M. TE. P. IIII. COS. II. P. P. Fortune
standing 1 423 3
P. M. TE. P. IIII. COS. II. P. P. Peace seated 1. 429 3
P. M. TE. P. V. COS. II. P. P. The Sun stand-
ing 1 433 2
P. M. TE. P. V. COS. II. P. P. Fortune stand-
ing 1 442 3
F.M.TE.P.V.COS. II. P. P. Peace seated 1. . 443 13
,, ,, Fortune seated 1. 444 2
P. M. TE. P. VI. COS. n. P. P. The Sun stand-
ing 1 449 2
P. M. TE. P. VIII. COS. II. P. P. Victory 1.,
shield in front . . . . . 454 20
P. MAX. TE. P. VIII. COS. II. P. P. Bona
Fides standing 1 455 3
P. M. TE. P. XI. COS. III. P. P. Fortune
seated 1 461 9
P. M. TE. P. XII. COS. III. P. P. Genius
standing at altar 1. . . . . 464 7
P. M. TE. P. XIII. COS. III. P. P. Jupiter
standing 1 469 10
P. M. TE. P. XIII. COS. III. P. P. Pallas
standing 1 470 3
P. M. TE. P. XIII. COS. III. P. P. Mars stand
ingl 471 3
Carried forward . . . 353 1069
VOL. XVIII. THIRD SERIES. X
154 NUMISMATIC CHRONICLE.
Cohen.
Brought forward 353 1069
P. M. TR. P. XIIII. COS. III. P. P. Genius
standing 1., at altar 475 3
P. M. TR. P. XIIII. COS. III. P. P. Abund-
ance standing 1. ..... 476 7
P. M. TR. P. XIIII. COS. III. P. P, Severus
galloping r. . „ . . . 480 1
P. M. TR. P. XV. COS. III. P. P. Victory
writing on buckler r. .... 489 10
P. M. TR. P. XV. COS. III. P. P. Africa stand-
ing r 493 1
P. M. TR. P. XVI. COS. III. P. P. Jupiter
marching 1. ...... 501 2
P. M. TR. P. XVI. COS. III. P. P. Jupiter
marching 1 502 3
P. M. TR. P. XVI. COS. III. P. P. Genius 1.,
at altar 505 4
P. M. TR. P. XVI. COS. III. P. P. Clemency
seated 1. 514 5
P. M. TR. P. XVII. COS. III. P. P. Jupiter
between Caracalla and Geta . . . 525 9
P. M. TR. P. XVII. COS. III. P. P. Neptune
standing 1 529 4
P. M. TR. P. XVII. COS. III. P. P. Salus
seated 1. 531 7
P. M. TR. P. XVIII. COS. III. P. P. Jupiter
standing between Caracalla and Geta . 539 6
P. M. TR. P. XVIII. COS. III. P. P. Salus
seated 1. 541 8
P. M. TR. P. XVIII. COS. III. P. P. Neptune
standing 1 542 2
P. M. TR. P. XVIII. COS. in. P. P. Neptune
standing 1 543 6
P. M. TR. P. XVIII. COS. III. P. P. Severus
galloping 1. . . . . . .556 1
P. M. TR. P. XIX. COS. HI. P. P. Neptune
standing 1 564 1
PROFECT. AVGG. PEL. Severus galloping r. 576 1
PROFECTIO AVG. Severus on horseback r. 578 3
. 580 1
PROVID. AVGG. Providentia standing 1. . 586 9
. 587 1
PROVIDENTIA AVG. „ „ . 592 9
Carried forward . 457
A HOARD OF ROMAN COINS. 155
Cohen.
Brought forward 457 1069
EESTITVTOE VEBIS. Severus standing 1. at
tripod 599 26
EESTITVTOE VEBIS. Eome seated 1. . . 606 12
SALVTI AVGG. Salus seated 1. . . .641 3
„ ... 642 10
SECVEITAS PYBLICA. Security seated 1. . 647 5
S. P. Q. E. OPTIMO PEINCIPI. Severus on
horseback 1. [PI. XII. 13] . . .652 1
TE. P. III. IMP. V. COS. P. P. Trophy be-
tween two captives 658 1
VICT. AETEEN. Victory 1. with buckler . 670 2
VICT. AVa. Victory 1. with wreath and palm. 675 1
VICT. AVG. TE. P. COS. Victory 1. with
wreath and palm 680 3
VICT. AVG. TE. P. II. COS. II. P. P. Vic-
tory r. with wreath and palm . . . 690 1
VICT. AVGG-. COS. II. P. P. Victory 1. . 694 6
„ . 695 5
VICTOE. AVG. Victory r. with wreath and
trophy 696 1
VICTOE. AVG. Victory 1. with wreath and
palm 698 1
VICTOE. AVG. Victory 1. with wreath and
palm .699 1
VICTOEIAE AVGG. FEL. Victory 1. with
buckler 719 14
VICTOEIAE BEIT. Victory r. with wreath
and palm . . . . . . 727 4
VICT. PAETHICAE. Victory 1. , captive at foot 741 9
VICT. PAET. MAX. Victory 1. with wreath
and palm 744 13
VICTOEIA PAETH. MAX. Victory 1. with
wreath and palm ..... 746 1
VIET. AVGG. Valour standing 1. . . . 761 10
VIET. AVG. TE. P. COS. Valour standing 1. 752 7
VOTA PVBLICA. Veiled emperor 1. at altar . 777 6
VOTA SVSC. DEC. P. M. TE. P. X. COS.
III. P. P. Veiled emperor 1. at altar . 786 1
VOTA SVSCEPTA XX. Veiled emperor 1. at altar 790 19
VOTI8 DECENNALIBVS in wreath . .798 1
— 621
Carried forward . . . . . . 1690
156
NUMISMATIC CHRONICLE.
Brought forward .....
.
. 1690
JULIA DOMNA.
.
Cohen.
CERERI FRVGIF. Ceres seated 1.
14
9
CONCORDIA. Concord seated 1. .
21
7
DIANA LVCIFERA. Diana standing 1. .
27
1
•
32
8
FELICITAS. Felicity standing 1. .
47
5
FORTVNAE FELICI. Fortune standing 1. .
55
4
,, ,, Fortune seated 1.
57
2
»
58
3
HILARITAS. Joy standing 1. ...
72
7
• •-•'•
76
1
» >» ...
79
3
IVNO. Juno standing 1. ....
82
7
IVNO REGINA. Juno standing 1. .
97
5
LAETITIA. Gladness standing 1. .
101
6
MATER DEVM. Cybele seated 1. ...
123
9
MATRI DEVM. Cybele standing 1.
137
4
PIETAS AVGG. Piety standing 1. at altar
150
20
PIETAS PVBLICA.
156
23
PVDICITIA. Modesty seated 1. ...
164
9
» » ...
170
3
SAECVL. FELICIT. Crescent and seven stars.
[PI. XII. 19]
173
1
SAECVLI FELICITAS. Isis with Horus stand-
ing r. ; altar behind .....
174
7
SAECVLI FELICITAS. Isis with Horus em-
barking on ship. [PI. XII. 20]
174
2
VENERI GENETRICI. Venus standing 1.
185
2
VENERI VICTR. Venus standing r.
194
3
VENVS FELIX. Venus looking 1.
197
3
» » j> •
198
2
VENVS GENETRIX. Venus seated 1. .
205
1
j) » n •'••'•
211
5
VENVS VICTRIX. Venus standing 1. .
215
1
VESTA. Vesta seated 1.
226
6
,, Vesta standing 1. ...
230
2
VESTAE SANCTAE. Vesta standing 1. .
246
6
— 177
Antoniniani.
LVNA LVCIFERA. The moon in biga .
106
2
VENVS GENETRIX. Venus seated 1. with Cupid
[PI. XIII. 1] as
205
1
VENVS GENETRIX. Venus seated 1. .
211
7
— 10
Carried forward
1877
A HOARD OF ROMAN COINS. 157
Brought forward ....... 1877
JULIA AND GETA.
Cohen.
IVLIA AVGVSTA. Head r.
P. SEPT. GETA CAES. PONT. Bare head
r. [PL XIII. 2J .
— 1
CARACALLA.
BONVS EVENTVS. Genius standing 1. at
altar ....... 19 2
CONCORDIA. FELIX. Plautilla and Caracalla
holding hauds. [PL XIII. 8] . . .23 3
COS. II. A triumphal arch. [PL XIII. 10.]
Not in Cohen — 1
DESTINATO IMPEEAT. Sacrificial instruments 53 1
FELICITAS AVGG. Felicity standing 1. 64 10
. 62 2
FIDEI EXEBCITVS. Fides standing 1. hold-
ing two standards 76 4
FIDES PVBLICA. Fides standing r. .82 1
FOBT. BED. P. M. TE. P. XIIII. COS. III.
P. P. Fortune standing 1. ... 84 3
IMPEBII FELICITAS. Felicity standing 1. . 94 1
INDVLGENTIA AVGG. IN CAETH. God-
dess on lion r. ..... 97 9
INDVLGENTIAE AVG. Seated figure 1. . . 103 5
INDVLG. FECVNDAE. Veiled figure seated 1.
[PI. XIII. 9] 104 4
IOVI SOSPITATOEI. Jupiter in a temple. [PL
XIII. 7] 108 1
IIII. LIBEEALITAS AVGG. Liberality stand-
ing 1 122 2
LIBEEALITAS AVGG. V. Liberality standing 1. 124 4
„ AVG VI. „ „ 128 5
» )> . » »
(one with globe) 129 5
LIBEEALITAS AVG. VIII. Liberality stand-
ing 1 134 3
LIBEEAL. AVG. VIIII. Liberality standing 1. 139 8
LIBEETAS AVG. Liberty standing 1.
Obv.— ANTONINVS PIVS AVG. . Var. 144 1
MAETI PACATOEI. Mars standing 1. . . 149 10
MAETI PROPVGNATOEI. Mars marching 1. 150 17
. 151 1
Carried forward 103 1878
158 NUMISMATIC CHRONICLE.
Cohen.
Brought forward . . . . . .
MARTI PROPVGNATORI. Mars marching 1. 152 2
MINER. VICTRIX. Minerva standing J., trophy
behind 159
MINER. VICTRIX. Minerva standing L, trophy
behind 161
MONETA AVG. Moneta standing 1. ... 165 19
» » >t 5> ... 166 4
„ ... 167 6
MONETA AVGG. „ . . . 168 4
PART. MAX. PONT. TR. P. IIII. Trophy be-
tween two captives . . . . . . 175 11
PART. MAX. PONT. TR. P. V. COS. Trophy
between two captives ..... 179 5
P. MAX. TR. P. III. Rome seated 1. . .181 2
P. M. TR. P. XIIII. COS. III. P. P. Victory
marching r. ....... 188 3
P. M. TR. P. XIIII. COS. III. P. P. Peace
marching 1. . . . . . . . 190 3
P. M, TR. P. XV. COS. III. P. P. Serapis
standing 1. . 195 10
P. M. TR. P. XV. COS. III. P. P. Hercules
standing 1. . . . . . . .196 8
P. M. TR. P. XV COS. III. P. P. Abundance
seated 1. 205 1
P. M. TR. P. XV. COS. III. P. P. Salus
seated 1 206 5
P. M. TR. P. XVI. COS. IIII. P. P. Serapis
standing 1 211 10
P. M. TR. P. XVI. COS. IIII. P. P. Hercules
standing 1. . ... . . . 220 6
P. M. TR. P. XVI. COS. IIII. P. P. Liberty
standing 1 224 3
P. M. TR. P. XVII. COS. IIII. P. P. Jupiter
standing 1 239 4
P. M. TR. P. XVII. COS. IIII. P. P. Apollo
seated 1 242 10
P. M. TR. P. XVII. COS. IIII. P. P. Hercules
standing 1 244 2
P. M. TR. P. XVII. COS. IIII. P. P. Caracalla ?
standing 1. ....... 247 6
P. M. TR. P. XVII. COS. III. P. P. Elephant
Carried forward . 2401*7-
A HOARD OF ROMAN COINS.
159
Cohen .
Brought forward 2401878
standings [PI. XIII. 11]. — Obv. ANTO-
NINVS PIVS AVG. BEIT. Laureate head r.
Not in Cohen . . . . . . . — 1
P. M. TR. P. XVIII. COS. IIII. P. P. Jupiter
standing!. 279 1
P. M. TR. P. XVIII. COS. IIII. P. P. Jupiter
standing 1 278 2
P. M. TR. P. XVIII. COS. IIII. P. P. Apollo
standing 1 ' . . . 282 14
P. M. TR. P. XVIII. COS. IIII. P. P. The
Sun standing 1 288 1
P. M. TR. P. XVIII. COS. IIII. P. P. Pluto
seated 1 299 2
P. M. TR. P. XVIII. COS. IIII. P. P. ^Escula-
pius standing, looking 1. . . . . . 302 2
P. M. TR. P. XVIII. COS. IIII. P. P. Acula-
pius standing, looking 1 306 2
P. M. TR. P. XVIII. COS. IIII. P. P. -ffiscula-
pius standing, looking 1 307 2
P. M. TR. P. XVIII. COS. IIII. P. P. Peace
standing 1 314 12
P. M. TR. P. XVIII. COS. IIII. P. P. Fides
holding two standards ..... 315 11
P. M. TR, P. XVIII. COS. IIII. P. P. Serapis
standing 1 . . 296 1
P. M. TR. P. XVIII. COS. IIII. P. P. Fides
1. holding four standards . . . . .316 1
P. M. TR. P. XVIIII. COS. IIII. P. P. Jupiter
standing 1 337 2
P. M. TR. P. XVIIII. COS. IIII. P. P. Jupiter
seated 1 . .343 2
P. M. TR. P. XVIIII. COS. IIII. P. P. Serapis
standing 1 351 6
P. M. TR. P. XVIIII. COS. IIII. P. P. The Sun
in quadriga 1. 355 1
P. M. TR. P. XVIIII. COS. IIII. R P. The Sun
standing 1 359 5
P. M. TR. P. XVIIII. COS. IIII. P. P. Radiated
lionl 367 1
P. M. TR. P. XX. COS. IIII. P. P. Jupiter stand-
ing 1 . . .373 1
Carried forward . 310 1878
160
NUMISMATIC CHRONICLE.
Brought forward ....
P. M. TR. P. XX. COS. IIII. P. P. Jupiter
seated 1
P. M. TR. P. XX. COS. IIII. P. P. Serapis stand-
ing 1., holding ears of corn ....
P. M. TR. P. XX. COS. IIII. P. P. Serapis ?
1. raising hand and holding spear. Not in Cohen
P. M. TR. P. XX. COS. IIII. P. P. The Sun
standing 1., holding whip ....
P. M. TR. P. XX. COS. IIII. P. P. The Sun
1. holding globe. Not in Cohen
P. M. TR. P. XX. COS. IIII. P. P. Radiated lion r.
PONTIF. TR. P. III. The Sun standing 1. .
PONTIF. TR. P. VIII. COS. II. Mars standing 1.
» » » )> »
,, ,, ,, Salus seated 1.
PONTIF. TR. P. VIIII. COS. II. Mars standing 1.
PONTIF. TR. P. X. COS. II. Mars marching r. .
,, ,, „ Mars standing 1. .
PONTIF. TR. P. X. COS. II. Security seated r.
PONTIF. TR. P. X. COS. II. Caracalla standing r.
PONTIF. TR. P. XLCOS. III.' Mars standing r.
with river god .......
PONTIF. TR. P. XII. COS. III. Valour standing r.
„ „ Concord seated 1.
PONTIF. TR. P. XIII. COS. III. Valour stand-
ing r
PONTIF. TR. P. XIII. COS. III. Valour stand-
ing r.
PONTIF. TR P. XIII. COS. III. Concord seated 1.
PONT. TR. P. II. Security seated r. .
PONT. TR. P. VI. COS. Rome standing 1. .
PROFECTIO AVG. Caracalla standing r., two
standards [PI. XIII. 4]
PROFECTIO AVG. Caracalla standing r., a vexillary
behind [PL XIII. 5]
PROF. PONTIF. TR. P. XI. COS. III. Caracalla
on horse r
PROVIDENTIAE DEORVM. Providence stand-
ing 1
Cohen.
. 310 is;s
378 1
382 3
389
402
413
420
421
422
424
431
432
434
440
441
1
1
15
0
3
4
14
10
1
7
6
3
447 5
464 6
465 7
477 3
478
483
484
498
499
508
509
510 2
529 3
Carried forward
437 1878
A HOARD OF ROMAN COINS. 161
Cohen.
Brought forward 437 1878
EECTOR OEBIS. Caracalla standing looking l.,with
globe. Obv.— ANTONINVS PIVS AVG. as 542 9
SAL. GEN. HVM. Salus 1. raising a kneeling
figure 558 9
SEOVRITAS PEEPETVA, Pallas standing 1. . 566 5
SECVEITAS PVBLICA. Security seated 1. . 568 2
SEGVEIT. OEBIS. Security seated r. . . .572 2
SECVEIT. OEBIS. Security seated 1. . . .574 7
SEVEEI PII AVG. FIL. Sacrificial instruments . 587 1
SEVERI PII AVG. FIL. Caracalla standing 1., at
foot a captive ....... 590 1
SPE1 PEEPETVAE. Hope walking 1. . . .593 2
SPES PVBLICA. Hope walking 1. . . .599 1
„ „ ... 600 13
VENVS VICTEIX. Venus standing 1. . . . 606 15
,, „ Venus standing 1., captives at
foot 612 5
VICT.AETEEN. Victory 1. with shield . . 614 3
VICTOEIAE BEIT. Victory r. carrying trophy . 629 3
„ ,, Victory 1. with wreath and
palm 632 3
VICT. PAET.,in ex. P. M. T.E. P. XX. COS. IIII.
P. P. Victory seated r. inscribing VO. XX.,
trophy and captives [PI. XIII. 6] . . .650 1
VICT. PAET. MAX. Victory 1. with wreath and palm. 658 15
VICTOEIA PAETH. MAX. Victory 1. with wreath
and palm 661 1
VIET. AVGG. Virtus standing 1. with victory . 664 6
VIETVSAVGG. Mars standing 1. . . .667 3
VIETVS AVGVSTOE. Valour seated 1. . .672 2
VOTA SVSCEPTA X. Caracalla standing 1. . 688 9
„ „ XX. Severus and Caracalla
sacrificing [PI. XIII. 3] 693 1
— 556
P.
| P.
Antoniniani.
P. M. TE. P. XVIII COS. IIII. PP. Jupiter seated 1. 277 2
,, „ „ Jupiter stand-
ing r. [PI. XIII. 14] . . ... 279 4
P. M. TE. P. XVIII. COS. IIII. P. P. The Sun
standing r 287 7
Carried forward 13 2434
VOL. XVIII. THIRD SERIES. V
162 NUMISMATIC CHRONICLE.
Cohen.
Brought forward . . . . . .13 2434
P. M. TE. P. XVIII. COS. IIII. P. P. Serapis
standing 1. ....... 295 8
P. M. TE. P. XVIIII. COS. IIII. P. P. Jupiter
standing 1 338 6
P. M. TE. P. XVIIII. COS. IIII. P. P. Serapis
standing 1. ....... 349 3
P. M. TE. P. XVIIII. COS. IIII. P. P. The Sun
standing 1. .......
358
1
P. M. TE. XX. COS. IIII. P. P. Jupiter standing 1.
375
1
„ ,, ,, The Sun standing 1.
390
7
VENVS VICTEIX. Venus standing 1.
608
13
„ Venus standing 1., captives
at foot [PI. XIII. 13]
612
11
PLAUTILLA.
CONCOEDIA AVGG. Concord standing 1. .
1
2
CONCOEDIAE. Concord seated 1.
7
2
>» » » ...
8
1
CONCOEDIAE AETEENAE. Plautilla giving her
hand to Caracalla ......
10
3
PIETASAVGG. Piety standing r.
16
2
VENVS VICTEIX. Venus standing 1. with cor-
nucopise . . . .
25
11
— 21
GETA.
ADVENTVS AVGVSTL Geta on horseback 1.
[PI. XIII. 12]
3
1
CASTOE. Castor with horse 1. [PI. XIII. 15] .
12
1
FELICITAS AVGG. Felicity standing 1.
35
2
» » n » •
36
3
FELICITAS PVBLICA. Felicity standing 1.
38
16
FELICITAS TEMPOE. Felicity standing 1.
43
6
„ ,, Felicity giving hand to
Geta [PI. XIII. 16]
49
4
FIDES EXEEC. TE. P. III. COS. II. Fidelity
standing 1., two standards ....
50
1
FOET. RED. TR. P. III. COS. II. P. P. Fortune
seated 1. ........
51
2
FORT. RED. TE. P. III. COS. II. P. P. Fortune
seated r
62
2
L!8 2509
A HOARD OF ROMAN COINS. 103
Cohen.
Brought forward .....
38 2509
LIBEEALITAS AVG. V. Liberality standing 1. .
68
4
MARTI VICTORI. Mars marching r. .
76
8
MINERVA. Minerva standing 1. ...
77
1
MINERV. SANCT. Minerva standing 1. .
83
7
» » jj »» • «
84
1
MINER. VICTRIX. Minerva standing 1., trophy
behind
88
1
NOBILITAS. Nobility standing 1.
90
16
PIETAS AVG. Pietas standing 1. [PI. XIII. 17]
Obv.— P. SEPT. GETA CAES. PONT. Draped
bust r. Not in Cohen .....
—
1
PONTIF. COS. Minerva standing 1. . .
104
12
PONTIF. COS. II. Genius standing at altar 1. .
114
10
,, „ Geta standing 1. .
117
4
„ ,, Geta 1. sacrificing at altar
119
4
PONTIF. TR. P. COS. II. Geta galloping L
130
1
„ „ „ Peace standing 1.
137
3
» » j> » »
138
1
„ „ „ Genius 1. sacrificing
at altar
139
1
PONTIF. TR. P. III. COS. II. Peace standing 1.
149
1
PRINC. IVVENTVTIS. Geta standing 1., trophy
behind
157
20
PRINC. IVVENT. Geta standing 1. ...
159
7
PROVID. DEORVM. Providence standing 1.
170
9
SECVRIT. IMPERIL Security seated 1. .
183
10
SEVERI PII AVG. FIL. Sacrificial implements
188
5
>» » ?> »> »
189
1
SPEI PERPETVAE. Spes marching 1.
192
4
TR. P. III. COS. II. P. P. Janiform Jupiter
standing ........
197
2
TR. P. III. COS. II. P. P. Felicity standing 1. .
198
1
,, ,, ,, Providence with torch
200
3
VICT. AETERN. Victory 1. with shield .
206
18
VOTA PVBLICA. Geta sacrificing 1. .
230
5
— 199
MACRINUS.
AEQ VITAS AVG. Equity standing 1.
2
3
ANNONA AVG. Abundance seated 1.
8
1
FELICITAS TEMPORVM. Felicity standing 1.
15
8
Carried forward . . 12 2708
NUMISMATIC CHRONICLE.
Cohen.
Brought forward 12 2708
FIDES MILITVM. Fidelity 1. between two stan-
dards 23 5
FIDES MILITVM. Fidelity 1. between four stan-
dards 26 1
IOVI CONSERVATORI. Jupiter standing 1., be-
low Macrinus. [PL XIII. 18] ... 37 6
P. M. TR. P. II. COS. P. P. Abundance standing
1. with modius 47 7
P. M. TR. P. II. COS. P. P. Macrinus seated 1. . 51 3
PONTIF. MAX. TR. P. COS. P. P. Abundance
seated 1 56 1
PONTIF. MAX. TR. P. COS. P. P. Fidelity be-
tween two standards 60 2
PONTIF. MAX. TR. P. COS. P. P. Felicity
standing 1 65 3
PONTIF. MAX. TR. P. P. P. Felicity standing 1. 76 1
PONTIF. MAX. TR. P. II. COS. P. P. Security
standing 1. ....... 87 1
PONTIF. MAX. TR. P. II. COS. II. P. P. Jupiter
standing 1. ....... 89 1
PONTIF. MAX. TR. P. II. COS. II. P. P. Fidel-
ity between two standards .... 96 1
PROVIDENTIA DEORVM. Providence standing 1. 108 4
SALVS PVBLICA. Sal us seated 1. . . .114 4
SECVRITAS TEMPORVM. Security standing 1. 122 2
VOTA PVBL. P. M. TR. P. Felicity standing 1. 147 1
— 55
Antoniniani.
FELICITAS TEMPORVM. Felicity standing 1.
[PL XIV. 1] 20 1
SALVS PVBLICA. Salus seated 1. [PL XIV. 2] 115 1
— 2
DlADUMENIANUS.
PRINC. IVVENTVTIS. Diadumenian 1. holding
a standard ; two standards behind. [PI.
XIV. 3] 39
PRINC. IVVENTVTIS. Diadumenian 1. ; two
standards behind. [PI. XIV. 4.] . . . 14
SPES PVBLICA. Hope marching 1. [PL XIV. 5.] 21
Carried forward
A HOARD OF ROMAN COINS.
165
Brought forward
277
ELAGABALUS.
Cohen.
ABVNDANTIA AVG. Abundance standing 1. .
1
4
ANNONA AVGVSTI. Abundance standing 1.
13
2
FIDES EXERCITVS. Fides seated 1. between
two standards .......
30
3
FIDES EXERCITVS. Fides seated 1. between
32
5
FIDES MILITVM. Fidelity holding standard .
38
4
„ ,, Eagle between two standards
44
4
FORTVNAE REDVCI. Fortune standing 1.
Obv.— IMP. ANTONINVS PIVS AVG. .
50
4
HILARITAS AVG. Joy standing 1. between two
children ........
54
1
INVICTVS SACERDOS AVG. Elagabalus 1. sacri-
ficing [PL XIV. 6]
58
1
INVICTVS SACERDOS AVG. Elagabalus 1. sacri-
ficing. [PL XIV. 10]
61
10
INVICTVS SACERDOS AVG. Elagabalus 1. sacri-
62
4
10 VI CONSERVATORI. Jupiter standing 1.,
standard behind
68
1
LAETITIA PVBL. Gladness standing 1.
70
4
LIBERALITAS AVG. II. Liberality standing 1.
79
2
0&V.-IMP. ANTO-
NINVS PIVS AVG as
80
8
LIBERALITAS AVG. III. Liberality standing 1.
86
4
LIBERTAS AVG. Liberty standing 1. .
90
13
LIBERTAS AVGVSTI. Liberty seated 1. .
101
1
MARS VICTOR. Mars marching r.
109
4
MARS VICTOR. Mars marching r. Obv.— IMP.
CAES. M. AVR. ANTONINVS AVG. Lau-
110?
5
PAX AVGVSTI. Peace hurrying].
120
4
P. M. TH. P. COS. P. P. Rome seated 1.
127
1
P. M. TR. P. II. COS. II. P. P. The Sun standing 1.
134
2
,, ,, „ Rome seated 1.
136
1
» » » »
142
3
„ ,, ,, Peace marching 1.
143
1
„ „ ,, Fortune seated 1. .
147
4
P. M. TR. P. III. COS. III. P. P. Jupiter seated 1.
151
1
,, ,, The Sun standing!.
154
6
P.M.TR. P. IIII. COS. III. P. P. The Sun standing 1
184
4
106 2776
166 NUMISMATIC CHRONICLK.
Brought forward .....
Cohen
100 2776
P. M. TE. P. IIII. COS. III. P. P. Providence stand-
ing 1
189
1
P. M. TE. P. IIII. COS. III. P. P. Victory flying 1.
•
194
7
P. M. TE. P. IIII. COS. III. P. P. Emperor 1.
sacrificing. Horned head on obv.
196
irt
P. M. TE. P. IIII. COS. III. P. P. Emperor sacri-
ficing 1. , two standards
205
i
P. M. TE. P. V. COS. III. P. P. Emperor sacri-
ficing 1. ......
213
7
PEOVID. DEOEVM. Providence standing 1.
242
2
» »>
244
4
SACEED. DEI SOLIS ELAGAB. Elagabalus sacri-
ficing r. Some with horned bust
246
15
SALVS ANTONINI AVG. Salus standing r. .
254
1
>» » )>
259
4
SECVEIT. IMPEEI. Security seated r. [PL XIV. 8]
270
1
S VMMVS SACEEDOS AVG. Emperor sacrificing 1.
276
9
TEMPORVMFELICITAS. Felicity standing 1. .
282
5
VICTOR. ANTONINI AVG. Victory marching r. .
289
3
,, „ „
293
2
VICTORIA AVG. Victory 1
299
1
300
4
» » ....
304
9
— 1!)8
Antoniniani.
FIDES EXERCITVS. Fidelity seated 1. [PI.
XIV. 9]
28
2
FIDES EXERCITVS. Fidelity seated 1.
31
6
FEDES MILITVM. Fidelity standing .
39
2
MARS VICTOR. Mars marching r. .
112
3
P. M. TR. P. COS. P. P. Rome seated 1.
125
P. M. TE. P. II. COS. P. P. Rome seated 1.
138
1
)> » »
140
2
P. M. TR. P. II. COS. II. P. P. Providence standing 1.
145
3
,, ,, Fortune seated 1. .
148
1
SALVS ANTONINI AVG. Salus standing r.
254
4
>< »
259
1
VICTOR. ANTONINI AVG. Victory marching r.
291
10
» » >»
294
1
Carried forward . , 3014
A HOARD OF ROMAN COINS. 167
Brought forward 3014
JULIA SOAEMIAS.
Cohen.
VENVS CAELESTIS. Venus standing 1. [PL XI V.I 3] 8 5
„ „ Venus seated 1. [PI. XIV. 14] 14 5
— 10
JULIA MAESA.
FECVNDITAS AVQ. Fecundity standing 1. . 8 1
PIETAS AVGK Piety standing 1. at altar . 29 3
PVDICITIA. Modesty seated 1 36 4
SAECVLI FELICITAS. Felicity standing 1. at
altar [PI. XIV. 11] ..... 45 3
- 11
Antoninianus.
PIETAS AVG. Piety standing 1. at altar [PI. XIV. 1 2] 30 1
— 1
SEVERUS ALEXANDER.
AEQVITAS AVGK Equity standing 1. ... 9 3
ANNONAAVG. Abundance standing 1. at modius. 23 5
CONCORDIA. Concord seated 1 38 1
FIDES MILITVM. Fidelity standing 1. holding
two standards ....... 52 5
IOVI CONSERVATOR!. Jupiter standing 1. . 70 4
IOVIVLTORI. Jupiter seated 1. ... 95 3
LIBERALITAS AVG. Liberality standing 1. . 108 3
LIBERT AS AVG. Liberality standing 1. [PI. XIV.
15] 115 1
LIBERALITAS AVG. IIII, Liberality standing 1.
[PL XIV. 16] 133 1
LIBERTAS AVG. Liberty standing 1. . .147 2
MARTI PACIFERO. Mars standing 1. . .173 6
PAX AETERNA AVG. Peace standing 1. . .183 7
PAX AVG. Peace hurrying 1 187 1
P. M. TR. P. COS. P. P. Jupiter standing 1. . 204 13
,, ,, Mars standing 1. with
branch 207 4
P. M. TR. P. COS. P. P. Liberty standing 1. . 215 6
„ „ Salus seated 1. . .218 3
P. M. TR. P. II. COS. P. P. Jupiter standing' 1. 229 6
Carried forward 74 3036
168
NUMISMATIC CHRONICLE.
Cohen.
Brought forward 74 30
P. M. TR. P. II. COS. P. P. Mars standing 1.
with branch 231 4
P. M. TR. P. II. COS. P. P. Peace standing 1. . 236 9
Salus seated 1. . .239 5
P. M. TR. P. III. COS. P. P. Jupiter standing 1. . 249 1
,, ,, Mars standing 1. with
branch 251
P. M. TR. P. III. COS. P. P. Peace standing 1. . 254 1
„ ,, Salus seated 1. . 255 1
P. M. TR. P. IIII. COS. P. P. Alexander standing 1. 270 1
P. M. TR. P. V. COS. II. P. P. Alexander sacri-
ficing 1. ........ 289 1
P. M. TR. P. VI. COS. II. P. P. Equity standing 1. 312 2
,, ,, Peace hurrying 1. 319 4
„ ,, Alexander sacri-
ficing 1 325 1
PROVID. DEORVM. Providence standing 1. . 495 1
PROVIDENTIA AVG. Providence standing 1. . 498 8
SALVS PVBLICA. Salus seated 1. . . .530
VICTORIA AVG. Victory hurrying r. . . .559 1
„ 560 1
„!.... 563 2
VIRTVSAVG. Valour standing r. . . .576
,, Romulus marching r. . . . 584
JULIA MAMAEA.
IVNO CONSERVATRIX. Juno standing 1. [PI.
XIV. 17] 35
VENVS VICTRIX. Venus standing 1. . . . 76
VESTA. Vesta standing 1 81
5
1
2
— 8
3169
Turning now to the special features of the coins, it
seems not improbable that the absence of the coin of
Galba from Cohen's list is due to a printer's error. The
type with the obverse legend GALBA IMP. alone is
given, while two identical coins in gold figure as Nos. 286
and 287. The coin here described is given by Mezza-
A HOARD OF ROMAN COINS. 169
barba, as is also that of Vespasian with Peace seated, and
the legend COS. ITER. TR. POT.
Among the coins of Titus, Domitian and Nerva are none
of especial importance, but among those of Trajan may be
mentioned those with the reverses, No. 140, DIVVS
PATER TRAIAN, with the elder Trajan seated; No.
497 with Trajan on horseback, and No. 648 commemora-
tive of the Via Trajana.
Several of the coins of Hadrian are of some consider-
able degree of rarity. Amongst them may be cited No.
4, ADOPTIO, with Trajan giving his hand to Hadrian ;
No. 80, ADVENTVS AVGK, with the Emperor present-
ing his hand to the City of Rome ; No. 628, FELICITAS
AVG., also with two figures joining hands ; No. 652,
FELICITATI AVGK, with the Galley ; No. 1009, with
Trajan and Hadrian facing each other ; and No. 1427
with TELLVS STABIL.
The silver coin with ROMA [PI. XII. 1] has the figure
of the city with the Palladium and a spear, as on the
large brass coin, Cohen No. 1297, but is not included in
his work, and seems to be unpublished.
Of the six coins of Sabina two are of some interest :
the one with an uninscribed reverse and the standing
figure of Pietas, and the other with Greek legends struck
at Amisus, in Pontus, in the year 168 of its era = A.D. 135
[PI. XII. 2]. The coin of Aelius Csesar with Spes walk-
ing to the left is also scarce.
The denarii of Antoninus Pius are 215 in number, and
some of them are worthy of a short notice. Those with
TRANQ., Nos. 825 and 826, appear to be the rarest, but
APOLLINI AVGVSTO, Nos. 59 and 60, GENIO
SENATVS, No. 399, ITALIA, No. 463, and Nos. 78,
86, 617, and 631 are by no means common.
VOL. XVIII. THIRD SERIES. Z
170 NUMISMATIC CHRONICLE.
A very rare coin of Faustina I., NO. 297, has the
reverse uninscribed, with the type of a graceful figure of
Ceres standing [PL XII. 4], Those with AED. DIV.
FAYSTINAE, No. 1, and AETERNITAS, holding a
Phoenix, No. 11, are also rare. A coin reading AV-
GVSTA, with Ceres standing to the left, raising her
right hand and holding a torch in the other [PI. XII. 3],
is of the type of Cohen's No. 101, which is, however, of
gold and not of silver ; one with CONCORDIA AVG.
differs from Cohen, No. 151, in the figure bearing a single
arid not a double cornucopiae.
Among the numerous coins of Marcus Aurelius but few
call for any remark. That with DE GERM., No. 156,
and the pile of arms, is rare and interesting [PI. XII. 5] ;
that with Mars, No. 254, is described by Cohen from
a specimen at Copenhagen ; No. 878 [PI. XII. 6], on
the Parthian victories, is also scarce ; No. 265, with a
Victory bearing a wreath and palm, is rare, and a similar
coin with the date TR. P. XXV. instead of XXVI. is
not given by Cohen, nor is that with Equity standing
and the legend TR. P. XVIII. IMP. II. COS. III., in
which, however, the XVIII. is somewhat uncertain.
The only coins of Faustina the Younger to which
Cohen ascribes some degree of rarity, are those with
CONCORDIA and the seated figure (No. 54), but I think
that the type is not uncommon.
The CONSECRATIO coin of Verus with the eagle
looking left (No. 55, and PI. XII. 7) is undoubtedly rare,
and those of Lucilla with PVDICITIA (Nos. 60 and 62),
and VENVS V1CTRIX (No. 89) may be regarded as
scarce.
Among the 247 coins of Commodus are several worthy
of notice. Those of the highest degree of rarity are
No. 45, CONG. COM., &c., with Concord standing to the
A HOARD OF ROMAN COINS. 171
left holding a patera and a sceptre ; No. 239, I. 0. M.
SPONSOR SEC. AYG., with Jupiter placing his hand
on the shoulder of the youthful emperor, and becoming
sponsor for his security [PL XII. 8], and No. 643, PRO-
VIDENTIAE AYGK, with the type of Hercules placing
his foot on the prow of a vessel, his club upon a rock,
and extending his right hand to Africa, who holds a
sistrum and ears of corn, and has a lion at her feet.
Of a second degree of rarity are the pieces No. 120,
FELIC. PERPETVAE A YGL, Felicity giving her hand
to Commodus ; No. 242, IOYI EXSVP., &c., Jupiter the
exsuperantissimus seated ; No. 245, IOYI DEFENS., &c.,
Jupiter the Defender marching, and No. 387, OPTIME
MAXIME C. V. P. P., of the emperor's fifth consulate
= A.D. 186-189, with Jupiter standing.
Other types somewhat scarce are No. 30, with the Pala-
tine Apollo ; No. 34, with the AYCTORI PIETAT1S
device ; Nos. 172 and 173, with the Genius of the Roman
people ; No. 259, with the youthful Jove ; No. 385, with
NOBILITAS ; No. 664, with SAECYLI FELICITAS ;
No. 791, with a trophy and captives, and No. 952, with a
Yictory and cippus.
The two first types of Crispina are scarce, and that with
DIS GENITALIBYS rare [PI. XII. 9]. It is a legend
that does not occur on the coins of any other Empress, and
notwithstanding this public devotion to these gods Crispina
is not credited with any offspring by the historians.
The silver coins of Pertinax [PL XII. 10, 11] are very
rare, and those of Didius Julianus even more rare. The
only coin of the latter found in the hoard presents an
unpublished variety, as it gives his name as M. DID.
IYLIAN. on the obverse.
No specimens of the coinage of Manlia Scantilla, Didia
Clara, or Pescennius Niger are present in the hoard, but
172 NUMISMATIC CHRONICLE.
tree,
there are eight of Clodius Albinus. All these are scarce,
but the types are well known. The rarest are those with
COS. II. and with the standing figure of ^Esculapius
[PI. XII. 12].
We now come to the coins of Septimius Severus, which
predominate in the hoard ; there being no less than 621
specimens present, a number approached only by the coins
of Caracalla. Apart from a few unpublished varieties,
which will subsequently be mentioned, the rarest of his
coins seems to be No. 652, S.P.Q.R. OPTIMO PRINCIPI,
with Severus on horseback to the left [PI. XII. 13J. The
Legionary coins (Nos. 261, 264, and 272) are also of
rarity and interest. The Legio Secimda Italica, the Quarto
Flavia [PI. XII. 14], and the Decima quarto, Gemina Martia
Victrix, being all represented. None of these Legions
appear to have been in Britain in the time of Severus,
though in earlier days the fourteenth Legion was twice
quartered in this country, and inscriptions to the memory
of some of its soldiers have been found at Wroxeter.
Of his other coins may be mentioned No. 1, ADVENT.
AVG- [PI. XII. 15] ; No. 293, commemorating his fourth
Liberality in A.D. 203 ; No. 389, with Apollo in female
robes holding & patera and a lyre [PI. XII. 16] ; Nos. 576,
578, and 580, with Severus on horseback starting on an
expedition, and No. 658, with a trophy between two cap-
tives, commemorating his Parthian victories in A.D. 195.
Of unpublished coins there is one with the legend
BONA SPES, but with the figure of Bona Fides to the left
holding a basket of fruits and two ears of corn, instead
of the usual figure of Hope [PI- XII. 17]. A variety of
No. 369 differs from it in reading, PAR. AR. AD. instead
of PART. ARAB.
The coin placed after No. 236 is unfortunately in
A HOARD OF ROMAN COINS. 173
imperfect preservation. I am, however, inclined to think
that what seems to be an O, and to make the legend end
in OCTORI [PL XII. 18], is in reality a wreath in the
hand of the Victory, and that the legend was originally
10 VI VICTORI. If so, it is unpublished, though the
type with 10 VI VICT. is known. See Cohen, No. 247
Among the numerous coins of Julia Domna, wife of
Septimius Sever us, present in the hoard, there are ten of
the Antoniniani of large module, which must have been
struck during the reign of Caracalla. Severus died at
York in A.D. 211, and Caracalla at Carrhes in 217, in
which year also his mother, Julia Domna, died. During
the whole period of the reign of her son she took an active
part in the government, and in all probability a large
proportion of the coins bearing her portrait were struck
during his reign, though many no doubt belong to the
time of Severus.
The coins of Domna, as a rule, are not scarce, but No.
173, SAECVL. FELIC1T., with a crescent and seven stars
[PL XII. 19] is among her rarest silver coins. No. 185,
VENERI GENETRICI ; No. 194, VENERI VICTR.,
are not so rare, but are still scarce. With regard to No.
174, SAECVLI FELICITAS [PL XII. 20], Cohen men-
tions in a note that there are some coins on which the
altar behind Isis does not appear, but she seems to be
standing in front of a vessel on which she is placing her
foot. Two of the coins discovered in this hoard show this
variety very distinctly.
The Antoniniani of Julia Domna are very handsome
coins. One of those reading VENVS GENETRIX shows
a cupid standing in front of the seated Venus [PL XIII.
1], like the coin of ordinary module described by Cohen
under No. 205.
174 NUMISMATIC CHRONICLE.
The coin with the portrait of Julia on the obverse, and
that of Geta on the reverse, is of very great rarity, and is
a remarkably beautiful specimen of medallic art. [PI.
XIII. 2.]
The coins of Caracalla in the deposit are almost as
numerous as those of Severus, there being 610 in all, of
which 54 are A.ntoninlani. Among them are several
exhibiting rare types, as well as some with unpublished
reverses, or with new varieties of those already known.
Among the coins already known, No. 693, with VOTA
SVSCEPTA XX., with Severus and Caracalla sacrificing
at a tripod, and with a flute-player standing between
them, appears to be the rarest [PI. XIII. 3]. Cohen and
Eokhel attribute this coin to the same year as No. 688,
with VOTA SYSCEPTA X. and Caracalla alone sacri-
ficing, but the portrait on the coin referring to the
Vota mcennalla is distinctly older than on that of the
decennalia, which is ascribed to A.D. 202. I do not think
that there is an interval of anything like ten years
between the two coins ; and indeed, if it be Severus who
is represented on the reverse, the fact that he died in
A.D. 211 would be subversive of such a view. The
portrait of Caracalla, however, corresponds with that on
his coins of the twelfth year of his tribunitian power, or
A.D. 209, and to that date I would assign it.
Two other rare coins, Nos. 508 and 509, both reading
PROFECTIO AVG. but with somewhat differing de-
vices, seem to relate to an expedition undertaken in A.D.
213, probably that into Gaul or that against the Germans
and Dacians [PL XIII. 4 and 5]. The coins No. 510,
with Caracalla on horseback, and PROF, in the exergue,
commemorate an earlier expedition of A.D. 208, when he
joined his father Severus in Britain. No. 661, with
A HOARD OF ROMAN COINS. 175
VICTORIA PARTH. MAX, records the Parthian vic-
tories in his father's time, A.D. 201-204 ; but No. 650,
with VICT. PART, in the exergue [PL XIII. 6], bears
the date of the twentieth tribunitian power of Caracalla,
A.D. 217, and refers to the victories that he intended to
gain over the Parthians had he not been assassinated
soon after leaving Edessa. It will be noticed that the
Victory is inscribing VO. XX. on the shield, as if the
twentieth year of his Imperial power had not been
as yet completed. All these four coins are rare. There
are in the hoard several coins both of Severus and
Caracalla, relating to the conquest of Britain, with
VICTORIAE BRIT, upon them, but though of great
historical interest, they cannot be classed as numismatic
rarities.
A coin of Caracalla (No. 108), with IOVI SOSPITA-
TORI, is, however, decidedly rare [PL XIII. 7]. It is to
be remarked that this title of the saviour or redeemer is
not to be found applied to Jupiter on any coins but those
of Severus and his two sons. The god is always repre-
sented standing in a square temple and crowned with
a modius.
Some few other scarce coins deserve a passing notice,
such as No. 23, CONCORDIA FELIX, with Caracalla
and Plautilla joining hands [PL XIII. 8] ; No. 53, DES-
TINATO IMPERAT., with a lituus, cap of a flamen,
a bull's head, and a simpulum, a coin dating from A.D.
197, when Severus changed the name of his son from
Bassianus to Antoninus, and decreed to him the insignia
of an emperor; and No. 104, with INDVLGr. FE-
CVNDAE and a veiled and turreted female figure, seated
in a curule chair [PL XIII. 9], which is by Cohen sup-
posed to represent Plautilla or;Domna.
176 NUMISMATIC CHRONICLE.
Other scarce coins, perhaps of less importance, are,
No. 181, with Eome seated and P. MAX. for Parthicus,
not Pontifex, Maximus; No. 242, with Apollo seated,
holding a branch of laurel and leaning on his lyre, which
rests on a tripod ; No. 441, Caracalla standing with three
figures at his feet, one of them a river- god, which have
been regarded by Eckhel as personifying Arabia, Parthia,
and Adiabene ; and No. 558, with SAL. GEN. HVM. and
Salus raising a kneeling figure. This type differs from
that on the coins of Galba and Trajan, with the same
legend in an extended form, but agrees with that on the
coins of Com modus.
Among the unpublished coins of Caracalla is one that
stands out as being of especial interest. It bears on the
obverse his laureate and draped bust to the right, ex-
hibiting his portrait as it appeared in A.D. 204, with the
legend ANTONINVS PIVS AVG. The reverse reads
COS. II. with the type of a triumphal arch with three
gateways and four columns, decorated at the top with
statuary [PL XIII. 10]. A similar reverse occurs on an
extremely rare coin of Severus, Cohen, No. 104, with the
legend COS. III. P.P. The same triumphal arch is repre-
sented on dupondii both of Severus and Caracalla, with the
legend ARCVS AVGG. The statues upon the arch on
the coin that I am now describing are not very clearly
visible, but they seem to be the same as on the silver coin
of Severus as described by Cohen, viz., of Severus in a
six-horse chariot, facing, with on either side an equestrian
statue and one on foot. The arch of Severus is still in
existence at the foot of the Capitoline Hill, and is one of
the principal architectural monuments of Rome.
A variety of Cohen No. 144, LIBERTAS AYG, shows
the bust of Caracalla undraped, and a coin reading P. M.
A HOARD OF ROMAN COINS. 177
TR. P. XVII. COS. III. P. P., bears an elephant standing
to the right, and is unpublished [PL XIII. 11]. There
is another instance, Cohen No. 238, of COS. III. being
erroneously associated with TR. P. XVII. A variety of
Cohen No. 389 shows the Sun standing to the right, but
looking to the left, and holding in his left hand a globe
instead of a whip. A variety of Cohen No. 382 has
Serapis standing facing, but looking to the left, raising
his right hand, and holding a sceptre in his left. The
Antoniniani are for the most part in fine preservation, and
present eleven different types— all well known. It may
be remarked that the types relate exclusively to Jupiter,
Serapis, the Sun, and Venus Victrix. Two are shown in
PI. XIII. 13 and 14.
The coins of Plautilla, the wife of Caracalla, are all
scarce, but none of those present in the hoard seem to be
of exceptional rarity. One or two of them are of Syrian
fabric.
There are 199 of the coins of the unfortunate Greta,
some of which are of considerable rarity, and one of them
unpublished. That with ADVENTVS AVGVSTI (Cohen
No. 3) is very rare [PI. XIII. 12], while No. 12, with
CASTOR [PI. XIII. 15], and No. 49, with FELICITAS
TEMPOR. [PI. XIII. 16], are only some degrees less rare.
The reverse PIETAS AVGL, with Pietas veiled, standing
at an altar and extending her right hand [PI. XIII. 17],
is unpublished. The first issue of the Antoniniani did. not
take place until after the murder of Geta by his brother.
After the assassination of Caracalla in A.D. 217, Ma-
crinus was proclaimed emperor, and held the supreme
power for a period of fourteen months only. All his coins
are reputed to be rare, but 55 of his denarii were present
in the hoard, as well as two of the larger coins. Of
VOL. XVIII. THIRD SERIES. A A
178 NUMISMATIC CHRONICLE.
the 19 types of reverse none seems to exceed the others
in rarity. That of IOVI CONSERVATOR!, with a
diminutive emperor standing under the protection of the
mighty Jove [PI. XIII. 18], is interesting, and calls to
mind a coin of Trajan a hundred years earlier in date.
The Antoniniani are both rare, but neither of them pre-
sents a type of special interest [PL XIV. 1 and 2].
The coins bearing the image and superscription of
Diadumenianus are even rarer than those of his father
Macrinus, but eleven were present in the hoard. Two of
the types show him as Princeps Juventutis with some-
what different attributes [PL XIV. 3 and 4], The third
gives the figure of Hope with the legend SPES PVBLICA
[PL XIV. 5]. They are all of the ordinary module, and
none present the radiate bust characteristic of the Anto-
niniani.
We now come to an emperor whose coins are far more
common than those of Macrinus and Diadumenianus —
Elagabalus, whose denarii number 198, and whose Anfo-
niniani 40. Among the denarii, the most noteworthy is
one [PL XIV. 6] that corresponds in all its details with
Cohen's No. 58, of which he gives a woodcut and the
following description.
OZw.—IMP. ANTONINVS PITS AVG. Bust, laureate, horned
and draped, to right.
.Re?.— INVICTVS SACERDOS AVG. Elagabalus, homed,
standing to left, holding a patera and a branch ; to the
left an altar ; to the right, on the ground, a horn ; in
the field a star (A.D. 221).
In a note he adds, " This coin is of the highest im-
portance. In comparing the appendage, which is so
frequently found on the head of Elagabalus, with the
object that is seen on the reverse of this coin, one is driven
A HOARD OF ROMAN COINS. 179
to the conclusion that this object is beyond all doubt a
horn, the same as the appendage which is found on the
head. This horn is a symbol of power, and without its
being placed in the same manner as that which adorns
the head of Jupiter Ammon, of Alexander on the coins
of Lysimachus, of Demetrius Poliorcetes, and Seleucus I.,
it is none the less recognisable. The horn which appears
on the head of Elagabalus, especially on coins relating to
his Pontificate (those with the legend SACERD . DEI
SOUS ELAGABAL. are nevertheless usually without it)
has been passed over in silence by all numismatists, while
that on the reverse of this coin has not been understood.
Lavy, in the description of the Museum of Turin, speaks
of some pontifical vessels (' alcuni vasi pontificali '). In the
catalogue of the cabinet of the Abbe Eothelin, of which
the MS. is preserved in the Cabinet des Htdailles, the same
type of Elagabalus standing (No. 150) is described as
presenting in the field to the left ' aliquid incognitum.'
The horn, however, as will be seen, adorns the head of
Elagabalus sometimes with the laurel wreath and some-
times with the radiated crown on middle-brass coins."
I have thought it well to quote Cohen at length, inas-
much as notwithstanding his high authority, two ques-
tions may still be raised : 1. Whether the appendage to
the wreath coming forward as a curved branch over the
front of the head is really a horn ; and 2. Whether the
object at the foot of the sacrificing emperor on the reverse
is of precisely the same character as the presumed horn
on the obverse. It is certainly much longer in proportion
to the standing figure than is the ornament on the head.
It has a far stronger resemblance to a Phrygian cap or
mitra, such as was worn by priests in some religious
ceremonies, and such as is so commonly seen on the head
180 NUMISMATIC CHRONTCLE.
of Mithras when sacrificing a bull. It is worthy of note
that the episcopal mitre of modern times is a direct
descendant of the Asiatic mitra, and that in mediaeval
days it was termed by some ecclesiastical writers a
Phrygium.1 On some of the coins of Elagabalus with
the same legend (Cohen, Nos. 61 and 62), but a slightly
different type, a recumbent bull is shown behind the
altar [PI. XIV. 10]. It seems, therefore, by no means
impossible that we have here some allusion to Mithraic
rites in which the Emperor took part.
The peculiar wreath with the presumed horn seems
also to have been associated with some pontifical cere-
mony, as suggested by Cohen. The reverses usually
represent the Emperor sacrificing, though on a gold coin
in my collection (Cohen, No. 217} Elagabalus is shown in
a quadriga [PI. XI Y. 7 enlarged]. He is, however,
veiled and probably taking part in some religious cere-
mony. In addition to the veil which covers the side of
his face, he wears a kind of cap with apparently a folded
part like a peak projecting in front. Altogether there is
a marked resemblance between his head-dress and that
of Mithra on the coins of 2Amastris in Paphlagonia.
Moreover, the folded flap of the cap on these coins has
much the same shape as the presumed horn over the
head of Elagabalus on the coins now under consideration.
On the gold coin the Emperor holds in one hand a
branch of cypress, laurel, or myrtle, the same as on this
silver coin and on those reading SVMMVS SACERDOS
AVG. This branch is absent on those reading S ACER-
DOS DEI SOL1S ELAGAB., on several of which the
1 Smith's Diet, of Ants., s.v. MITRA.
2 Head, Ilist. Num., p. 432. Brit. Mus. Cat., Pontius, &c.,
PI. XIX. 1.
A HOARD OF ROMAN COINS. 181
so-called horn is found on the obverse. These legends,
as well as that with INVICTVS, do not occur on the
coins of any of the other emperors. The sacred conical
stone, the Elagabal, appears on coins of the Emperor in
diiferent metals, but none of those in silver were present
in the hoard. The legends SANCT. DEO SOLI ELA-
GABAL. and SACERDOS DEI SOLIS ELAGAB. show
that this stone, which was probably a meteorite, was
regarded as a form of the sun -god, while there is ample
epigraphic evidence of the identity of Mithra with the
Sun,3 SOLI INVICTO MITRAE SACRVM being the
usual inscription on his altars. The epithet of IN V1CTVS
is constantly applied to the Sun also, as, for instance, on
the coins with SOLI INVICTO and its varieties from
the time of Gallienus onwards. We have here the epithet
transferred from the divinity to the priest, and I think
that we are justified in drawing the inference from the
legends and attributes on these coins, that the pompous
rites celebrated by Elagabalus combined the worship of
the Sun, of the sacred stone and of Mithra.
To return to a consideration of the hoard, the coin,
Cohen No. 101, LIBERTAS AVGVSTI, is of consider-
able rarity, the standing figure of Liberty being more
common on coins of this period than that which is seated.
A coin with LIBERALITAS AVG. II. differs from
Cohen, No. 80, in the reading of the obverse. All the
coins placed under No. 213 differ from Cohen in the
Emperor holding a club and not a branch of cypress.
No. 270, SECVRIT. IMPERI. is uncommon [PI. XIV.
8]. There is an altar in front of the seated figure which
is not mentioned bv Cohen.
vol. xlvii. p. 205.
182 NUMISMATIC CHRONICLE.
The Antoniniani of Elagabalus constitute a handsome
series of coins, and present fourteen varieties of type ;
none of which, however, call for any special remark.
One with FIDES EXERCITVS is figured [PL XIV. 9].
Of Julia Soaemias, the mother of Elagabalus and
daughter of Julia Maesa, ten coins were found, present-
ing two types of VENTS CAELESTIS, with standing
and seated figures [PI. XIV. 13 and 14]. No Anto-
niniani struck in her name were present.
Her mother, Julia Maesa, grandmother of Elagabalus
and sister of Julia Domna, is represented by twelve coins,
only one of which, an Antoninianus, has any claims to
rarity. This has, however, the ordinary type of
PIETAS AVG. [PL XIV. 12]. Another of the ordi-
nary module with SAECVLI FELICITAS is shown in
PL XIV. No. 11.
The coins issued by Severus Alexander are probably
the latest in the hoard, though following the ordinary
arrangement those of his mother, Julia Mamaea, occupy
a subsequent position. The great majority of his coins in
the hoard, 125 in number, are of well-known and common
types; Cohen, No. 115, with LIBERTAS instead of
LIBERALITAS, is, however, esteemed rare [PL XIV.
15]. A similar coin was found in Cambridge, in the
hoard lately described by Mr. Boyd.4 Cohen, No. 133,
with LIBERALITAS AVGK IIIL, is also scarce [PL
XIV. 16], as is also No. 325, with Alexander sacrificing,
and No. 584, VIRTVS AVGK, with Romulus marching
to the right.
The coins of Julia Mamaea which were probably struck
by the authority of her son are eight in number, but pre-
4 N.C., vol. xvii. p. 123.
A HOARD OF KOMAN COINS. 183
sent no types of any degree of rarity. The scarcest is
Cohen No. 35, with IVNO CONSERVATRJX [PI. XIV,
17]. Of Sallustia Barbia Orbiana, the wife of Severus
Alexander, there are no coins present.
We now come to the question of the date of the deposit
of the hoard, the most important clue to which is afforded
by the date of the latest coin included in it. This must
of course be one of Severus Alexander, whose coins with
VICTORIA AVG. are assigned by Cohen to A.D. 230,
while No. 499, with PROVIDENTIA AVG., is regarded
by him as issued later than A.D. 231. It was in that
year that Alexander started on his Persian expedition ;
and in March, A.D. 235, both he and his mother were
murdered at Sicila, in Gaul, near the Rhine. He was in
the thirtieth year of his age and the fourteenth of his
reign. No coins of his successor Maximinus, by whose
orders Alexander was probably assassinated, occur in the
hoard.
Looking at these facts and at the absence of any of the
later coins of Alexander, it seems probable that the date
of the deposit must be placed within the reign of that
emperor after A.D. 231, but before A.D. 235, or about the
year A.D. 233. Of what was going on in Britain at that
time we know but little, though Aelius Lampridius
suggests that at the time of his assassination Alexander
was on his way to Britain, though others say to Gaul.
Salmasius, in his note upon the passage, suggests that the
proper name of Sicila, the place where the emperor was
murdered, was Sicilia, and that it was a town in Britain.
Whatever may have been the circumstances under
rhich this accumulation of coins was deposited in the
ground, it can hardly have been a military treasure, as in
such a case the currency of the reigning emperor would
184
NUMISMATIC CHRONICLE.
have predominated and the dates of the coins would not
in all probability have extended over a period so long as
half a century. Here, however, we have coins beginning
with those of Nero and ranging down to the time of
Severus Alexander, thus covering a period of about a
hundred and seventy years. It seems, therefore, to have been
a private or even a hereditary hoard, gradually amassed ;
though judging from the state of wear of the earlier coins
the hoarding did not begin before the days of the Anto-
nines and may not have extended over more than sixty
or eighty years. "Who were those that formed it will
ever remain a mystery, and we can only in a vague
manner conjecture as to when and where it was formed.
JOHN EVANS.
***
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ACQUISITIONS OF THE BRITISH MUSEUM IN 1897.
Chron.Str.flf.
ACQUISITIONS OF THE BRITISH MUSEUM IN 1897
fit
ACQUISITIONS OF THE BRITISH MUSEUM IN 1897
Num.Chrarv. SerM. VoHm.PLM.
ROMAN COINS.
HADRIAN - JULIA DOMNA
Mem. Chrorv. SerM. VolIM.Pl,M.
,--A S ..* - -
ROMAN COINS.
HADRIAN - JULIA DOMNA
. Chron. tier. 1/1. Vo! .XVffl.Pl.ML.
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ROMAN COINS.
JULIA DOMNA- MACRINUS,
,. Chrari'. SerfiT. VolXVUI. PI. X2V.
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ROMAN COINS.
MACRINUS- JULIA MAMAEA
(N° 7 Enlarged)
VII.
THE LEGEND IATON ON COINS OF HIMERA.
IN preparing a revised catalogue of the Hunt«r Cabi-
net, I have recently had occasion to examine the evidence
as to the word IATON, whose appearance on certain
coins of Himera has long been a numismatic puzzle.
Through the kindness of Professor Young, Mr. Gf. F. Hill,
Herr Arthur Lobbecke of Brunswick, Signor Ettore
Gabrici of Naples, and Dr. Hans Riggauer of Munich,
I have been able to obtain impressions of all the pieces
on which the legend is recorded, as well as detailed in-
formation regarding the originals. A study of the
material thus brought together has led to a somewhat
unexpected result. It would, perhaps, be rash to assert
that the mystery has been solved. But it is safe to say
that, for the present at all events, further speculation has
ome unnecessary.
The " question " has passed through various phases.
e first person to publish the legend was Ugdulena, who
his treatise Suite Monete Punico-Sicule (Palermo, 1857)
gured two coins, on one of which the whole word was
isible, while on the other the last three letters could be
iphered (op. cit. Tav. II., 2 and 5). These two coins
re at this time the property of Salinas. They were
Id by him to the British Museum in 1868, and will be
y discussed below. Ugdulena' s reason for classing
em as Siculo-Punic lies in the interpretation he offered
IATON. A certain Phoenician inscription frequently
found on Sicilian coins had been transliterated by him as
VOL. XVItl. THIRD SERIES. B fi
186 NUMISMATIC CHRONICLE.
la, and explained as the Phoenician name of some "city on
the coast." The discovery of the word 'laroV on coins of
Himera enabled him to identify the exact spot ; it was
clearly the genitive plural of an ethnic nominative 'Icm;*,
meaning " inhabitant of la," and la must therefore be
Himera, For some time Ugdulena's theory met with a
more or less warm acceptance at the hands of numis-
matists. In 1886, however, it was disposed of once for
all by Dr. Imhoof-Blumer, who showed that the proper
transliteration of the Phoenician inscription in question
was ziZy and that in all probability it was not the name of
a town at all.1 The next important attempt to deal
with the question was made three years ago by K. F.
Kinch in the Zeitschrift fur Numismatik (vol. xix.,
1895, pp. 135 ff.). He considered IATON to be the
genitive plural of the ordinary Greek word 'laro?, used
in the hitherto unknown (though not impossible) sense of
" healed," and he saw in the inscription a reference to
the curative powers of the OepfjLa Nu/i0ay Xovrpa of
Pindar's Twelfth Olympian. The very volume in which
Kinch's article was published, contained a similar theory
that had been arrived at independently by E. J. Selt-
mann (pp. 173 ff.). And this is the view that at present
holds the field. It has been adopted by Gabrici in his
admirable monograph on the coins of Himera,2 and
also by Kubitschek in what is, so far as I am aware, the
most recent pronouncement on the subject.3
1 Zur Miinzkunde Gross f/riechenJ and s, etc., pp. 263 if.
2 Topoyrafia e Numismatica dell' antica Imera e di T<>rnie,
p. 59 (Milan, 1894). I have made constant use of Signer
Gabrici's book in the course of this inquiry.
'•"• Jhindschdu, iiber ein Quinquennium der Antiken Numismatik
(Vienna, 1896), p. 19. Ho also Holm, Gesqhichte Siciliens, iii.,
p. 596 (1898).
THE LEGEND " TATdN " ON COINS OF HIMERA. 187
In discussing the meaning of the word it has always
been assumed that the legend was authentic, and that
there was no lack of evidence as to its existence. A
statement of the facts may lead us to a very different con-
clusion. The coins on which the word has been recog-
nised number nine in all. Three of these belong to the
earliest period in the history of Himera (648-482 B.C.),
before the city passed under the sway of Theron of
Akragas, while the remainder are subsequent to its liberation
(472 B.C.). It will be convenient to take the latter group
first.
The six didrachms of which it is composed, agree
generally as to their types. These may be thus described —
Naked horseman in the act of Nymph sacrificing at altar 1. ;
leaping from horse gallop- behind her, upright cadu-
ing 1. eeus, round which snake
twines ; in field 1., grain of
corn.
On the obverse is the name of the town. On the
reverse,4 in the exergue, are found the letters that are
read IATCM or IATON. The best known of this set
)f coins is the one in the British Museum. Ugdulena,
rho first described it, gave the legend as . . TON. In
British Museum Catalogue (Sicily, p. 79) it is said to
iad [|]ATOW. Mr. Hill, whose assistance I invoked,
jported that on the original he could detect no trace of
while N was very doubtful. A second specimen is in
Royal Coin Cabinet at Munich. It is in poor condi-
ion, and Dr. Biggauer writes that he can see only
4 Usually called the obverse. Its decided concavity, how-
jver, shows that it was the side that received the blow of the
imer. I therefore follow Head (Hut. Num., p. 127).
188 NUMISMATIC CHRONICLE.
" very slight traces " of a legend at all. A third is in the
National Museum at Naples, and this, as Signer Gahrici
informs me in a private letter, is in such an unsatisfactory
state that practically nothing can be made out (" non si
distingue quasi nutta "). Two other specimens are in the
collection of Herr Lobbecke. Their owner was good
enough to send me the result of an inspection of the coins
made at my request. On the lighter of the two he
thought that the remains of TO were " perhaps " deci-
pherable ; on the heavier TO appeared fairly certain,
while on the extreme left there was a third letter which
was very indistinct. To my suggestion that the doubtful
letter was ^, Herr Lobbecke replied that it might be
either ^ or A, but could not possibly be I.
So far, then, as five out of the six didrachms are con-
cerned there is no reliable evidence for anything beyond
TO. The sixth and last specimen, that of the Hunter
Cabinet, fortunately yields more positive information. It
is not included in Combe's Descriptio Nummorum, and must
therefore have been bought after the sheets of that work
had gone to press. Possibly it formed part of the Giraldi
collection, which was purchased by Hunter, through
Charles Townley, in the winter of 1781-82, and which
consisted of nearly 600 " Medals of the Magna Grecia " —
a loose description that may well cover coins of Sicily.
The obverse is somewhat worn. The reverse, to which
special interest attaches, is much better preserved. In
particular, the legend in the exergue is complete, and it
reads not IATON but S3To£. The only letter that is
not tolerably distinct, is the one on the extreme right.
The coin is at that point slightly disfigured by surface
scratches, which serve to conceal the form of the ^. The
effect of these scratches, however, disappears to a large
\j\j
=
;'
THE LEGEND
extent on a sealing-wax impression. Such an impression
was forwarded to the British Museum, with the result that
Mr. Head and Mr. Hill, who examined it, at once con-
firmed my reading *^3To^. The precise shape of the
letter on the extreme left was the one thing that seemed to
them to admit of doubt ; they hesitated between <| and ^.
The Hunter specimen, therefore, falls into line with the
series of didrachms of similar types, but with ^oTHP
in the field r., the first description of which was given
from a coin in his own collection, by Dr. Hermann Weber,
in the Numismatic Chronicle for 1892 (3rd series, vol. xii.,
p. 187, PL XV., 3). Nor is this all. The reading of the
Hunter coin settles that of the London, Munich, and
Naples examples. For all four are, without doubt, from
the same die. With -regard to the two coins in Herr
Lobbecke's collection, an interesting and difficult question
arises. When put side by side, the two casts were found
to resemble each other almost exactly. Closer observa-
tion fixed upon two points of difference. On the lighter
coin, the altar lies at a slightly different angle, and is
so slightly farther away from the right hand and the
be of the nymph. On the heavier coin, the nymph's
ead and neck appear larger and broader. I wrote to
Herr Lobbecke, drawing his attention to the fact that
the lighter coin was double-struck, and inviting his
opinion as to whether the two were from the same die.
He replied that the fault in striking would account for
the difference regarding the altar, but not for the varia-
on in the size of the head. In other respects, he said,
the two were precisely alike, and he was quite at a loss
hat to think on the question of the die. To me, with
e wbole series of casts before me, only one solution
appeared possible. For, while the lighter of Herr Lob-
190 NUMISMATIC CHRONICLE.
becke's coins agreed with all the rest in every detail
save the altar, the heavier agreed in every detail save the
head. Moreover, on the upper part of the latter, there
were signs of an accidental flattening of the flan, which
might serve to explain the greater size of the head.
The opinion I arrived at was confirmed by eyes of greater
experience than my own. The casts were submitted,
along with the impression of the Hunter coin, to the
authorities of the British Museum, when Mr. Head and
Mr. Hill came to the conclusion that the extraordinary
resemblances were inexplicable, except on the supposition
that only one die had been used for all. Mr. Hill made
the interesting suggestion that the variation in the head
might be due to an alteration in the die. If, then, all
six didrachms originally read S3To£, two-thirds of the
evidence for IATON at once disappears.
The remaining third cannot perhaps be disposed of
quite so effectually. But examination will make it clear
that it is much more doubtful than is usually supposed.
Two of the coins in question are in the British Museum,
the other is in the museum at Termini, the modern town
that lies near the site of the '-"ancient Himera. The last
mentioned is an Aeginetic obol, having a cock on the
obverse, and an incuse square on the reverse. It was first
published by Salinas in his Appendice alle monete punico-
sicule (p. 9. Tav. 7.), and was subsequently described and
figured by Gabrici in his Topografia e Numismatica delV
antica Imera (p. 23, Tav. iv. 17). It is said to have on
the obverse the inscription ATO I/I - I have scanned the
cast carefully, and can see nothing but a small O beneath
the cock's neck, and lower down what appears to be a
large V with the narrow end turned towards the bird's
breast. It is possible that more may be visible on the
191
original. But it should be noted that even those who can
read most, can not read IATON. We have still to deal
with the two British Museum coins. The evidence furnished
by the first of these is even less convincing. It is an
Aeginetic drachm, numbered 21 in the Catalogue (Sicily,
p. 77), and has on the obverse a cock, and on the reverse
a hen in a linear square within an incuse square. Accord-
ing to the Catalogue the only legend is HIME. There are,
however, in addition, very distinct marks in front of the
cock's breast, which are not noticed by the compiler.
Gabrici (op. cit., p. 25) reads these as VT . . . ON, indicat-
ing that the inscription was originally VT IATON; the
first two characters he interprets as value-marks. For my
part, I can see on the cast VT, and then, somewhat farther
to the right, O- These are quite plain, and there is
besides, in the left-hand portion of the space between
them, something which I take to be simply a roughness
in the surface of the coin, and which is certainly no part
of the missing letters. Of N I can detect no trace what-
ever. In this I am supported by Mr. Hill, whose report
on the original coincides absolutely with my view of the
cast. All that is left of IATON is thus the single letter
O.
The most important of the three early coins has been
left to the last. It is numbered 23 in the British Museum
list. Like the preceding, which it resembles in types, it
is an Aeginetic drachm, having an inscription on the
obverse. The legend has been variously read. Ugdulena
in his Monete Punico-Sicule gave it as IATON (p. 33).
In the British Museum Catalogue (Sicily, p. 77) the com-
piler makes it IATO/V, while the engraver represents it
as I ATOM. Lastly, Gabrici (op. cit., p. 26) prints it as
IATON. None of these readings appear to me satis-
192 NUMISMATIC CHRONICLE.
factory. To begin with, the character on the extreme left
is not a simple | ; it is too far removed from the next
character for that, and, besides, there is something visible
at the lower end of it. I should suggest that it is really
J_. Again, I follow Gabrici and the British Museum
engraver in reading the character next on the right as A,
and surely A for A is hardly possible in Sicily in the
sixth century B.C. Is it not more probable that the
"letters" usually taken for I A should be interpreted
±A, and should therefore take their places among the
unexplained marks of value on the coins of Himera ? It
may be observed that they are nearly identical with those
which I have printed as VT in describing British Museum
No. 21 ; in both cases the broad end of the A is turned
towards the breast of the cock. Two of the remaining
three letters are perfectly plain : there can be no doubt as
to To. The letter on the extreme right is, however, very
uncertain. I am inclined to read it as V. Is it possible
that the die-engraver misplaced it slightly through a mis-
calculation of space or direction ? In that case, I should
hazard the conjecture that in To^ we have the first
three letters of ^3To^. It will be remembered that
the name of the town is similarly contracted in coins of
this period. That, however, is a point on which it would
be unwise to insist, in view of the unsatisfactory nature of
the evidence at present available. We must wait till
fresh material comes to light. To scholars who have been
baffled by IATON, it will, in the meantime, be a certain
satisfaction to know that the much-discussed legend is a
myth.
GEO. MACDONALD.
VIII.
MONNAIES GRECQUES, INCITES ET INCERTAINES.
(Suite.1)
(Voir PI. XV.)
XLIII. — SCIONE EN PALLENE.
6e et 5e Siecle.
1. Casque corinthien, a droite.
Rev. — Carre creux rude divise en triangles.
M 5. 17° gr.
2. Meme casque, a gauche.
Rev. — Carre creux divise en quatre carres reguliers.
M 1. 1°, O9, O8. Trois exemplaires.
Tete imberbe, les cheveux courts, ceinte d'une tenie, a
droite (Apollon ?) ; style encore archaique.
Rev. — Meme casque, a gauche ; autour JE | ; le tout dans
un carre creux.
M 2^. 202. Mus. de Berlin, Beschreib. II. p. 124, n. 1,
vign. ; Prokesch, Archaol Zeit., 1847, T.
X, 1 ; Inedita, 1854, p. 6, T. I, 17.
Meme tete, la tenie fermee sur le front ; style plus recent.
Rev. — Le casque a droite, ? £ .
1 Voir Num. Chron. 3rd S., Vol. XVH, p. 190.
. XVIII. THIRD SERIES. C C
194 NUMISMATIC CHRONICLE.
. 275. Brit. Mus. Cat. Maced., p. 102, n. 1, vign.
',., p. 1U2, E
, pi. iv. 10.
Num. Chron. 1880
5. Autre, ^ * .
M 2. - Cadalvene, Recueil, p. 87, 1,P1. 11,1 (Scotussa.)
6. Autre, la tete plus grande et de style plus recent, . ^ .
M 2£. 2P use. Brit. Mus. ; Wroth, Num. Chron. 1891,
p. 121, 6, PI. IV, 4.
n
n
7. Autre, I, les deux dernieres lettres indistinctes ; champ
A creux.
I/I
3KU1
^ 2. I42 fruste. Ma coll. ; Cat. Whittall, 1858, n. 860.
8. Autre, la legende disposed de la meme maniere, mais les deux
dernieres lettres de ^KinNAI(flN) ne sont
pas venues au flan ; champ creux.
JE 4. — —Mus. de Berlin; Beschreib. II, p. 125, n. 2;
comp. Neumann, Num. vet. II, p. 171, T.
VI, 4 ; Mus. Hederv. p. 118, n. 3061,
T. XII, 265 ; Sestini, Descr. d. molt.
med. p. 44, 8.
9. Autre, sous le casque ^Klfl.
M 5. 8£, 4U. Brit. Mus. p. 108, n. 3 ; ma coll., Cat.
Whittall, 1884, n. 414.
M 3£ Mus. de Berlin, Beschr. p. 125, n. 8.
10. Autre, Z K .
JE 4 Mus. de Berlin, n. 4.
Le type du casque corinthien et le poids chalcidien-
eubo'ique ne laissent aucun doute sur 1'attribution du
statere, n. 1, et des dioboles de la drachme de 275, n. 2, a
Scione, situee non loin de Mende, en Pallene.
Les stateres eubo'iques, emis par les villes voisines,
Aineia, Dicaia, Potidaia, Mende, Olynthos, Sermyle,
MONNAIES GRECQUES, INEDITES ET INCERTAINES. 195
Acanthos, au 6e et 5e siecles, etaient connus ; 2 ceux de
Scione faisaient defaut. Aussi suis-je heureux que
Pamitie de M. F. Feuardent, qui a bien voulu me com-
muniquer les n. 1 et 2, provenant sans doute d'une
trouvaille recente, me permette de combler cette lacune
regrettable.
Le statere, n. 1, date du milieu du 6e siecle, la fabrique
en est belle, mais le carre creux fort rude encore ; les
divisions, n. 2, d'environ 500. Les drachmes et leurs
divisions, n. 3 — 7, ou le casque occupe le revers, pour
laisser place, au droit, a la tete d'Apollon (?), type qui
convient a la Chalcidique, se placent au milieu du 5e siecle,
jusqu'en 423/1, quand Scione a du cesser de battre
monnaie en argent.
Membre de la Symmachie athe"nienne, a laquelle elle
contribuait 6 talents de 454 a 440 et 9 talents depuis 426
— presqu'autant que Mende, ce qui prouve son import-
ance 3 — Scione s'en detacha pour se joindre a Brasidas,4
423, mais elle fut reprise par les Athe"niens qui, apres
avoir tue les hommes adultes et vendu femines et enfants
en esclavage, donnerent le territoire aux Plateens.6
Quand les nouveaux habitants frapperent plus tard
monnaie, les types des bronzes, tete d? Aphrodite et
colombe, sont tout-a-fait differents.6 II n'est done pas
douteux que les rares bronzes, n. 8 — 10, qui ne different
2 Num. Chron., 1895, p. 187, ou il faut intercaler dans le
tableau des poids entre Mende et Olynthos :
Scione, 17° 275, 202, I42, 1°— O8.
3 Corp. Inscr. Attic. I, p. 230.
4 Thucydide, IV, 120.
5 Ibid. V, 32.
6 Mus. de Berlin, Beschr., II, p. 125, n. 5 ; Imhoof, Monn.
grecq., p. 91, n. 113 — 115.; ma coll.
196 NUMISMATIC CHRONICLE.
des pieces en argent que par le module et le poids, ne
leur soient eontemporains et datent aussi d'avant 421.
Sur le n. 8 la legende est disposee de la meme maniere
insolite en commencant par le has et remontant en haut,
que sur mon hemidracbme, n. 7.
A cette epoque les monnaies en bronze sont si rares
qu'il est permis de soupconner que le manque d'argent
ait contraint les Scioneens, pendant le siege prolong^, £
une Emission de monnaies de necessite, legalement e"qui-
valentes aux plus petites divisions de la drachme.7
Pourtant Scione ne fut pas une des premieres £ se
servir de bronze comme monnaie. Nous rencontrons &
Crotone des litres, a types varies, d'un style encore si
archa'ique que 1'oeil des tetes est presque entitlement de
face, ce qui joint au coppa de la legende nous conduit au
second quart du 5e siecle, pour une de ces litres ; 8 le cappa
des autres9 indique que toutes ont ete emises a une epoque
de transition, avant 450 probablement.
L'ancien type de Scione, devenu vacant, fut occupe par
Amyntas II, 389—383.
Tete imberbe, les cheveux courts, sans tenie, a droite.
Rev. — Casque corinthien, a droite, dessous AMYNTA.
M 2^. — Mus. de Berlin, Beschreib. II, p. 193, n. 12, 18,
vign. Brit. Mus., Cat. Maced., p. 169, n.
8,4.
7 A. Blanchet, Les monnaies grecques, 1894, p. 25. Voir
maintenant M. C. Soutzo, Rev. Num. 1898, p. 233 suiv.
8 Sambon, Recherch., 1870, p. 327, n. 65, PI. XXIV, 84,
M 8, 2810 gr. ; coll. Imhoof, 2612 grs. ; lievre de Messana, ou de
Ehegion et dans ce cas d'avant 461.
9 Ibid. n. 68, M 8, 2830 gr. ; coll. Imhoof, 2581 gr. ; tete de
Pallas. Ibid. n. 69, 70, PI. XXIV, 32, M 8, 256G, 245 ; ma
coll., 244b; tete d'Hercule, Vwil deface.
tMONNAIES QRECQUES, INEDITES ET INCERTA1NES. 197
Le territoire de Scione etait-il alors en possession du
roi de Macedoine ? L'alliance qu'Amyntas conclut avec
les Chalcideens, 389 env.10, le ferait croire.
\ XLIV. — CYZIQUE. TIMOTHEOS.
363.
1. Eleuthena assise, a gauche, sur une base, inscrite EAEY-
OEPIa, se penchant en avant pour offrir une
couronne au vainqueur ; dessous, thon, a gauche.
Rev. — Carre creux divise en quatre parties granulees.
EL 4J/8. 1607. Greenwell, Electr. Coin, of Cyzicus, Num.
Chron., 1887, p. 76, n. 51, PI. Ill, 8.
2. Tete barbue, presque chauve, couronnee de laurier ; dessous,
thon, a droite.
Eev. — Meme revers.
EL 4. 1611. Coll. Imhoof; Greenwell, Num. Chron. 1880,
pi. I. 10 ; 1887, p. 92, n. 81, PI. IV, 2,
3 ; Brit. Mus. Cat. Mysia, p. 33, n. 103,
PI. VIII, 9.
Cette tete est si individuelle qu'il n'est pas douteux que
soit un portrait, et meme, comme Pa bien vu M. Green-
rell, modele d'apres nature. II faut done que ce vain-
[ueur, coaronne de laurier, ait sejourne a Cyzique ; puis,
[ue pour etre admis parmi les dieux, deesses et heros, qui
rent de types aux stateres, il y ait ete honore comme un
leros, au-moins egal aux liberateurs d'Athenes, Harmodios
Aristogiton, qui figurent sur le Cyzicene, PI. III. 28
(Greenwell) .
Tel doit avoir ete le cas pour le stratege athe"nien
10 Inscr. d'Olynthos, Dittenberger, Sylloge inscr. Graec., n. 60 :
v$rJKai 'A//.WTOU rait 'EpptSatow Kal XaAKiSeCcri, et la note de
Dittenberger.
198 NUMISMATIC CHRONICLE.
Timotheos, fils de Conon. Envoye, 366, avec la flotte
d' Athenes centre Samoa, occupee par les Perses, il parvint,
apres un siege de dix mois, & prendre la ville, 365. Les
Samiens furent expulses et Samos devint colonie athe"ni-
enne, 364.11 Ce seront ces cle"rouques athe'niens, qui auront
erig^ la statue de Timothe*e dans le temple de He"ra,12
comme vainqueur des Perses et fondateur de la colonie.
Cette qualite seule aurait suffit pour le mettre au rang des
heros dignes de figurer sur les monnaies. Mais il y a plus.
L'annee suivante, 363, il obtint un nouveau succes sur les
Perses13 en leur faisant lever le siege de Cyzique,14 reste*e
autonome a la paix d'Antalcidas,15 386, et qui, sans son
aide efficace, e*tait menacee de tomber au pouvoir du roi de
Perse.
Nul doute que le demos de Cyzique ait decerne, selon
1'usage,16 une couronne d'or a son liberateur et qui sait si
le statere, n. 1, sur lequel Eleutheria tient une couronne
a la main, ne commemore pas cet hommage.
Mais on peut, ce me semble, admettre encore que
parmi les autres temoignages de sa reconnaissance, Cyzi-
que ait decrete de placer le portrait du vainqueur des
Perses, de Volicurrvis de la nouvelle Samos et de son
propre au)T<y]p, ceint de la couronne d'or qui lui avait et£
1 W. Judeich, Kleinasiatische Studien, p. 200, 273.
18 Pausan. VI, 3, 17. KOL Koywva ai/a»ceiyu,evov
eov €V 2aju,a> r€ eo-rtv iSetv Trapa TTJI "Hpa /cat a)(ravTW5 Iv
'E06ora) Trapa T^ 'E0€<ria ^ea).
13 Judeich, p. 275.
14 Nepos, Timoth. I. Cyzicum obsidione liberavit. Diodor.,
XV, 8 (364/8). Ti/td^cos 6 'A^T/vauoi/ o-rparr/yos l^tov
TTf^iKriv T€ Kal vavTLKjjv — Ku&KT/voIs 8e TToAtopKov/z
15 Judeich, p. 106.
16 Thucyd., IV, 121. rov Bpao-i^ai/ TO. T a\\a KaXois eSt'
Kai S^/xoo-ta fj.ev XPva"<P vrtffxivti) a>s IXfvSfpovvra TTJV
MONNAIES GRECQUES, INED1TES ET INCERTA1NES. 199
offerte, sur les Cyzicenes qui, comme monnaie de com-
merce, avaient cours a 1'etranger et y feraient mieux
connaitre les traits du nouvel he'ros qu'une statue placee
dans un des temples de la ville.
Timothee etait ne en 407 env.17 Si done le portrait a
ete modele a Cyzique en 363,18 il nous a conserve les
traits du stratege a 44 ans env. Les debauches de
jeunesse 19 et les fatigues des expeditions continuelles
Pauront rendu chauve et ride* avant le temps. A sa
mort, 353, il n'avait encore que 54 ans env.
Le nom de Timothee m'a e*te suggere par mon fils,
J. Six, apres une etude des portraits du 4e siecle, et
nul autre ne me semble convenir aussi bien.
XLV. — LYCIE.
XANTHOS.
1. T6te ft Athena, coiffee du casque athenien, a cimier, orae"
d'une volute et de trois feuilles d'olivier et paree
de boucles d'oreilles, a droite, copiee d'apres une
monnaie d'Athenes.
a. Rev. — Tete lauree A'Apollon, les cheveux en tresses en-
roulees autour de la tete, ^ droite; devant
discelh ; carre creux.
17 En 358 Timothee etait encore en service actif comme
ierarque. En 356 il avait passe la cinquantaine. Nepos,
Timoih^ 3. Hie cum esset magno natu (Trpeo-^vTaros) et magis-
tratus gerere desiisset (356). Les Atheniens n'etaient obliges
de prendre part aux guerres a 1'etranger qu'entre 20 et 50 ans.
Entre 50 et 60 ans ils 6taient Trpcor/JuVaToi et restaient a
Athenes pour la defence du pays. Gilbert, Griech. Staatsalterth.
I. p. 300.
18 Cette date s'accorde avec celle que MM. Greenwell, Head,
et Wroth assignent a ce statere.
19 Schwelgerei, ueppiges Leben. Cless, dans Pauly, Eeal-encycl.
s. v. Timotheos.
200 NUMISMATIC CHRONICLE.
M 5/4 833. Cat. Waddington, n. 2995, Revue numism.,
1898, p. 18.
b. Rev. — Tete barbue de Kerei, coiffee de la tiare, dont les
fanons dependent le long du cou, a droite ;
derriere ^PZN^+^ (Arimahe, Eai
devant VTPN^/E (Kerei).
M 4. 837. Brit. Mus. Cat. Lycia, p. 22, n. 101, PI. VI,
1 ; le coin du droit tout use".
CANDYBA.
2. Tete ft Athena, coiflee du casque athenien, a cimier, a
gauche.
Rev. — MSme tete d' Athena, & gauche; carre creux.
Devant la tete :
a. \I//TSPEK> (Keriga, KapiW).
M 4 237. Cab. de France, Babelon, Perses Achemen. p.
73, n. 498, PI. XII, 27.
b.
M 3J. 240. Cat. Wadd., n. 2931, PL VI, 17 ; Rev. num.,
1898, PI. I, 17.
CADYANDA.
3. Meme tete d' Athena, a droite.
Rev. — Tete A' Hermes, coiffee du petase aile, attache sous
le menton, la chlamyde nouee sous le cou, a
gauche; derriere, caducee ; carre creux borde
d'un grenetis. Devant la tete :
a. ^PTTOXP^P(^) (Arttumpara, 'Apr^ftap^).
M 5f. 812. Brit. Mus., p. 284, n. Ilia, PI. XLIII, 2;
Cat. Bunbury, n. 342.
b. \|^^A^I>SITE+^20 (Kadaetihe, KadvavBalos), derriere,
discelks.
M 5± . 815. Cab. de France, Babelon, I. c., p. 76, n. 517,
PJ. XIV, 14 (Khadritimis).
20 La 5e lettre, e, peu distincte, est pourtant visible, a la
loupe, sur la planche.
MONNAIES GRECQUES, IN^DITES ET INCERTAINES. 201
TEiMiusA21 (Cyaneae).
4. Meme tete d' Athena, a droite ; grenetis.
Rev. — Tete ft Hermes, coiffe du pe"tase aile, la chlamyde
nouee sous le con, & droite; creux rond horde
d'un grenetis. Autour de la tete :
a, F^v^SS^P^ (Vekssere, (H)uwachsara, Kva£a/M?s).
JR 5. 836. Brit. Mus., p. 26, n. 114, PI. VI, 15 ; Fellows,
Coins of Lycia, XVIII, 3.
805. Cat. Wadd., n. 2942.
836. Cab. de France, Babelon, p. 76, n. 518, PI.
XIV, 15 ; legende retrograde.
b. AAEMEO+^F^ (Ddimiuhe Ve(kssere?), Tei/uov-
cratos).
M 5/4. 8OT. Cat. Wadd., n. 2952.
TELMESSOS.
5. Meme tete d.' Athena, a droite.
Rev. — Tete barbue KHeraclks, coiffe de la peau de lion, a
droite ; carre creux.
Tete semblable, plus grande, le casque orne d'une volute,
et paree de pendants d'oreilles et d'un collier.
!». Rev. — Devant la tete : T/tvA>tsB'fs+E+/tv (Telebehihe,
a. Devant la tete: hPTOXPF^+'^ (Artumparahe,
'A/3T€/X,j8a/3€tOs).
M 6. 821. Cat. Wadd., n. 2954 (leg. inex.).
21 La Tet/ijoixrean' KW/AT;, maintenant Tristomo, au sud de
Kyaneae, Benndorf, Reisen in Lykien, II, p. 58, n. 114,
semble avoir ete le port de cette ville dont Vekssere aura ete le
dynaste. Ses types varies conviennent a cette situation
centrale.
VOL. XVIII. THIRD SERIES. D D
M 5. 847. Brit. Mus., p. 29, n. 127, PI. VII, 12 ;
Fellows, VII, 2.
815. Cat. Wadd., n. 2987 ; Fellows, VII, 8 ; le coin
du droit tout use.
202 NUMISMATIC CHRONICLE.
6. Tete semblable & 5a, le casque orne d'une volute et de
trois feuilles d'olivier, a gauche ; grenetis.
a. Rev.— K>OFVT~EI>?vSE (Aruvatiyesi, *'Apvav8iWis),
autour d'un lion, s'elanc,ant sur sa proie, agauclie;
carre creux borde d'un grenetis.
M 6. 855. Cab. de Munich ; Fellows, VII, 7 ; Brit. Mus.
Cat., p. xli, PI. XLIV, 13.
8". Mus. de Berlin.
792. Cat. Wadd., n. 2941, PI. VI, 19.
(Erbbina, 'Ap/3iWas), derriere Hera-
cles combattant, a gauche, le carquois au flanc,
tenant 1'arc de la main gauche et la massue de la
droite, la tete et le bras gauche couverts de la
peau de lion ; carre creux borde d'un grenetis.
M 5. 809. Mus. Hunter, Fellows, VII, 6.
M 6. 829. Cab. de Munich ; Fellows, VII, 5 ; Brit. Mus.
Cat., p. xli, PI. XLIV, 12 ; le coin du droit
use ; dans le champ du rev. les lettres
cariennes Q^, er.
Rev. — Meme type et legende dans un rond creux borde
d'un grenetis.
M 6*. S456. .Brit. Mus. p. 80, n. 132, PL VII, 16.
Le combat d'H^racles centre le lion semble divise
en deux types sur les etateres des deux dynastes.
7. Meme tete d' 'Athena, a droite; devant ^ (Kntavata, crrpo-
Ttryos).22
22 Sophus Bugge, LyJcische Studien, 1897, p. 62. Bac-
chylides nomme, V, 1, Hieron Su/aa/coo-iW o-Tparaye; XVIT,
120, Minos Kj/axrcriov (rTparayerav et XVII, 39, 7roXefJiap\€
Ki/toa-o-uov, titres qui me semblent repondre exactement a la
position qu'occupaient les " dynastes " dans les villes lyciennes.
C'est pourquoi le sigle, compose de k et d'un T retourne, me
parait etre le monogramme de Kntavata, stratege ; en grec, pro-
bablement, Ta^Ta?, v. Bull, de dorr. HelUn., XIII, 1889, p.
529, suiv.
MONNAIES GRECQUES, INEDITES ET INCERTAINES. 203
Rev. — Tete barbue d' Heracles, coiffe" de la peau de lion, a
droite; grenetis.
a. Autour T^At^B T^PBBE/Vh (Teleb. Erbinna) ; der-
riere, symbole.
M 6/5. 829. Mus. Hunter ; Fellows, VII, 1.
b. Devant AA'tK/V^F^A)'^ (Ddenevele) ; derriere, ^£.
6/5. 820. Brit. Mus., p. 29, n. 181, PI. VII, 15 ;
Fellows, VII, 4.
XANTHOS.
8. Tete d.' Athena du n. 5b, sans pendants d'oreilles, mais du
meme faire.
a. Rev. — T6te A.' Artemis, paree de pendants d'oreilles et d'un
collier, a droite ; derriere, discetts ; grenetis.
Devant la tete ^PE/Vf^+t^ (Arnnaha,
. 781. Coll. Imhoof.
T6te semblable a gauche ; coin tres
b. Rev. — Tete d' Artemis, diademee, a droite; grenetis; devant,
i^PHN^+^ (Arnnahe).
M 6/4. e63. Cat. Wadd., n. 996.
Tete A.'Athena, a droitet de style plus recent.
c. Rev. — Tete lauree d'Apollon, a droite ; derriere, discelfa ;
grenetis; devant FPZNfH-Xfv (Arnnahe).
M. 6/5. 812. Brit. Mus., p. 23, n. 106, PI. VI, 7; Fellows,
XVIII, 5.
SEMTIA (voir p. 245, note additionnelle).
). Tete de lion rugissant, a droite, avec une patte en avant ;
devant M(\!/)I (Zem), indistinct; grenetis.
204 NUMISMATIC CHRONICLE.
Rev. — Tete d' Athena, coiffee du casque athenien, a cimier,
a droite ; devant, discetts ; rond creux borde d'un
grenetis.
M 6/5. 810. Luynes, Choix, PL XI, 22 ; Num. Cypr.,
PL VII, 5 ; Fellows, XIII, 4 ; Babelon,
p. 80, n. 544, PI. XV, 16.
Tete A1 Artemis, vue de trois-quarts, a gauche™ iN^ — M
(Zem); grenetis.
Rev. — M6me revers.
JR 3. I96. Cat. Wadd., n. 8004.
Meme tete A1 Athena, a droite ; grenetis.
Rev. — Meme revers.
M 2. O75. Cab. de France ; Babelon, n. 545, PL XV, 17.
M 1. O65. Brit. Mus., p. 24, n. 108, PL VI, 9.
Meme tete a droite ; grenetis.
Rev. — Meme revers, a gauche, dessus 'Y^/ (K. P. ; Kn-
tavata de Prlli ?)
M 2^. I85. Cat. Wadd., n. 3003, PL VI, 27 ; Cat.
Ivanoff, n. 405 ; Fellows, XVIII, 8.
Meme tete ft Athena, a gauche ; grenetis.
Rev. — Tete barbue laure"e A'HeracUs, a droite; derriere,
Ff^ (Vahnte ? 'Avri^tAAos ?) ; rond creux borde
d'un grenetis.
M 2£. I94. Cat. Wadd., n. 2997.
Meme droit.
Rev. — Meme tete d' Athena, a gauche ; grenetis.
M 1. O53. Brit. Mus., n. 109, PI. VI, 10.
23 Imitation de la tete d'Arethuse d'une drachme de Syracuse,
Cat. Hoffmann, 1898, n. 146, PL I, qui date de 413 env. Comp.
Camarina, Num. Chron., 1891, PL XI, 9.
MONNAIES GRECQUES, INEDITES ET INCERTAINES. 205
10. Tete de lion rugissant, & gauche.
Rev. — TrisceUs, a g. j champ creux. Autour :
a. IN^/— MO— +O (Zemuhu).
M 2J/2. 295. Ma coll. [PL XV, No. 1.]
1. O77. Cat. Wadd., n. 2955.
b. ( I ) K-K f^— +O (Zagahu).2*
M 1£. I25. Cat. Wadd., n. 2866 ; cp. Cat. Whittall,
1867, n. 1052.
c. F /j>— A— P (Vedr(e), /coivoV).25
^R 1. O65. Ma coll. Don de M. J. Imbert.
11. Triscelh, & g. ; autour I\j/— MO— +O (Zemuhu) ;
grenetis.
Rev.— TrisceUs, & g. ; autour TPB— B\8/— NEM (Trb-
benimi) ; grenetis.
jR2. I57. Cat. Wadd., n. 2964; Cat. Ivanof, n. 416;
Fellows, IV, 8.
I52. Mus. Hunter, T. 66, 27 ; Fellows, III, 5 ;
Babelon, p. CIX, vign.
12. Mujie de lion de face ; dessous T26 (= TPB, Brit. Mus.,
n. 144, PI. VIII, 11).
Rev. — Triscelh, a g. ; carre creux. Autour : —
24 Zemuhu et Zagahu semblent etre les accusatifs des
adjectifs Zemuha et Zagaha. Bugge, p. 22. Zaga, ^a<cac, est
le dynaste qui bat les monnaies inscrites Zagaha et Zaga,
Brit. Mus., n. 153, 154, PL IX, 1, 2 ; Babelon, n. 533, PI. XV,
6 ; Cat. Wadd., n. 2972—2974 ; Fellows, IV, 1, 2. De Zemu
parait derive Zemtiya, nom de ville ou de district, nomme :
Stele de Xanthos, Sud, 1. 36, avant Zagaba, Tumine, Pttarat
et Kbani (Cyaneae) ; c'est done une ville, peut-etre 2e/3e8a,
aujourd'hui Sevedo, le port de Phellos, Hill, Cat. Lycia, p. LX,
note.
15 Vedre ne signifie pas ville, comme on 1'admet generalement,
mais plutot confederation, KOWOV. La confederation d'Anti-
phellos avec les villes voisines, la vedre Vehnteze, est mentionnee
dans 1'inscr. d'Antiph. 3, 1. 4. Comp. huvedre, confedere.
26 Comp. la forme de T dans 1'inscription bilingue de Tlos.
206 NUMISMATIC CHRONICLE.
a. X— \j/— M (Zem) ; sur le front du lion H 27 (= X,
forme archaique de M ? Mupa?).
M 6i. 980. Brit. Mas., p. 33, n. 142, PI. VIII, 10.
975. Ma coll., Rev. num., 1886, PI. X, 14 ; sans H.
9M. Cat. Wadd., n. 2975, PI. VI, 23; dans le
champ du rev. \^.
b. T — P — B (Trbbenimi) ; dans le champ massue.
2R 6. 10°*. Rev. num., 1886, p. 424, n. 251.
6£. 985. Cab. de France, Babelon, p. 78, n. 527,
PL XV, 2.
7/4*. 9M. Ma coll.; Rev. num., 1886, PL IX, 15;
dans le champ triscelks.
7. 978. Mus. de Berlin ; dans le champ, M (Mvpo ?).
13. Mufle de lion de face ; dessous trisceles.
Rev. — Trisceles, a g. ; rond creux. Autour :
a. F — >7v. — A (Vedr(e), KOLVOV).
M 7. 979. Mus. de Berlin.
b. TPB— B\!/N— EME (Trbbenimi, Tp^/us, T^fy/us).
M6. 975. Coll. Imhoof, Monn. grecq., p. 330, n. 83;
Choix, PL V, n. 156.
6J. 971. Cat. Wadd., n. 2962.
7. 955. Mus. de Berlin.
SAOABA.
14. Mufle de lion, de face.
Rev. — Tete d' Athena, coiffee d'un casque ^. triple
cimier et paree d'un riche collier, de face ; M
27 Hill, Cat. Lycia, p. XXVIII, note.
28 Cette tete d'Athena est une copie exacte de celle du
graveur Eucleidas sur une drachme de Syracuse, emise en
413 env. Head, Num. Chron., 1874, PL V, 6 ; Brit. Mus.,
Cat. Sicily, p. 180, n. 226—230; Evans, Num. Chron., 1891,
p. 352. La drachme lycienne aura ete emise en 412, quand le
contingent Syracusain avait aide la flotte de Sparte a remporter
la victoire sur les Atheniens. Thucyd., VIII, 26 et 42. Ces
Siciliens, Si(ke)li(y)ahi, et la defaite des Atheniens sont men-
MONNAIES GRECQUES, INEDITES ET INCERTAINES. 207
rond creux. A gauche, ih-vJ/^BrM-r^ (Zaka-
baha).29
M 4. 262. Cat. Wadd., n. 2985.
La langue lycienne etait si differente de celle des
Grecs que plusieurs des caracteres, que les Lyciens em-
prunterent aux alphabets grecs, ne purent servir a Tecrire
qu'en leur donnant une valeur toute autre que celle qu'ils
avaient en grec. Ainsi V, v, X, £, S|^, %, %., TJT, et S»
£, V, v, +, x> *b» *&> fournis par deux alphabets dis-
tincts, furent ingenieusement utilises ; \ devint g, -}- A,
les deux £, X et S, m et n, et les deux -^, )fC et 4^,
deux k varies. Aussi 4^, qui est toujours rendu en grec
par y ou par K, ne me fait pas Teffet d'etre id un ^
archaique. Je le transcris k et rendrai K par c, qui en
indique environ la valeur. Pour les autres lettres je me
conformerai aux observations de M. Thurneysen,80 con-
firmees ou corrigees par M. Bugge, dont la brillante
decouverte que le lycien est etroitement apparente a
1'armenien, permettra bientot, je Tespere, de traduire
les textes historiques lyciens, restes en grande partie une
enigme, malgre les noms de personnages connus qui
faisaient soupconner de quels evenements il s'agissait.
tionnes sur le Stele de Xanthos, Nord, 1. 2, 3 ; cp. Bugge,
p. 54. La meme date convient au triobole, n. 9, a la tete
d'Artemis de face.
19 Si Zakaba est une forme variee de Zagaba, mentionnee sur
la Stele, Sud, 1. 87, avec Zemtiya, 1. 36, Tumine (Tvfirjva, sur le
Duman Dagh ? pres de Xanthos), Pttara (Hdrapa), 1. 38, et
Kbane (Kvai/eai), 1. 39, c'est probablement le nom d'une ville
situee entre Patara, Tymena et Cyaneae. Puis il est dit, 1. 39,
40, que Trbbenimi dent Melesandre, a ? Cyaneae ; c'est done
dans ces parages que Trbbenimi doit avoir regne.
30 R. Thurneysen, Zum Umschrift des Lykischen, 1897,
Zeitschr.f. vergleich. Sprachf. N. F.y XV, 2, p. 221—226.
208 NUMISMATIC CHRONICLE.
Les legendes monetaires lyciennes ne contiennent, la
plupart, que des noms de dynastes qui regnaient sur une
ou plusieurs villes.
Quelques fois, pourtant, le nom de la ville est ajoute*,
soit abrege, soit en entier.31 D'autrefois ce nom se lit seul,
sans nom de dynaste ajoute.
Dans les deux cas, la ville est nominee de trois ma-
nieres differentes. A Tlos, au centre du pays, c'est le datif
Tlavi, c.a.d. a Tlos, du nominatif Tlava, Tlos ; aussi la
meme desinence du nom Ertuiipari sur un statere32 de
ce Mede,33 induirait a classer cette monnaie a Tlos, ou
il peut avoir regne. A Antiphellos et a Patara, au
sud, c'est 1'ethnique, forme par le nom de la ville
avec le suffix — zi, ou — ze (accusatif).34 Velmtezi, 'Avri-
0e\\m/9, Vahiiteze, 'Aim0e\\n-<tfoi/, Pttaraze, Tlara-
palovj de Vahnte-Vehnte, 'A»/Tt0€\\o9 et de Pttara,
TloLTapa.
A Candyba, Xanthos, Cadyanda et a Telmessos a
Touest, c'est Tadjectif form^ par le substantif avec le
suffixe — ha — he, et peut-etre — hu (accusatif),35 Kacbihe,
Arnnaha et Arnnahe, Kadaetihef^ Telebehihe, Ddimiuhe,
31 Par ex. Cat. Wadd., n. 2984, Kerei Arnn; n. 2936, Kere
Tlavi ; n. 2914, Cuprlli Arn.
32 Brit. Mus. Cat'., p. xxxvi, PL XLIV, 10, coll. Weber ; la
legende est Ertunpari.
33 Arttumpara Medese, Stele de Tlos, decouverte 1891 par
M. Arkwright.
34 Bugge, p. 22.
35 Ibid. Par ex. ladu, kupu, & cote de ladd, kupd, des nomi-
natifs lada, kupa. Urebillaha est un nominatif masculin. Bugge,
p. 70.
36 II semble que Kadyanda etait nominee Kadaendi dans la ville
meme et Kadavandi chez les voisins, comp. Agrigentum, Tar-
entum et 'A/cpayas, Ta/oas. Bugge, p. 12.
MONNAIES GRECQUKS, 1NED1TKS ET INCERTA1NES. 209
Tei/movaaios, etc., de Kiicbi — Kai/ou/3a,37 Arhna — Ea
yialvavla.?* Telebehi—TeX^jcrao^ Ddimiu —
etc.
Mais ici se presente une difficulte ; des adjectifs pareils
sont formes de noms de personnes, comme le montre
entr'autres le statere, n. 5a, dont la legende Artumparahe,
'Apre/mpapeios, contient le nom d'Artumpara avec le
suffixe — he, qui le change en adjectif.
Une forme adjectivale seule ne permet done pas de
discerner si une legende qui se termine en — ha, he ou hu,
donne un nom de ville ou de dynaste.
Cette difficulte serait sans valeur si le nom lycien de
toutes les villes queique peu importantes nous etait connu.
Mais il n'en est rien et ce n'est qu'a la perspicacite de
M. Arkwright et de M. Bugge que nous devons de savoir
que Telcbehi est Telmessos et Kacbi Kandyba. II serait
done incertain si les legendes Zem et Zemuhu, n. 9 — 12,
designent un nom de ville, si le nom de Zemtiya, qui se
lit sur la Stele, Sud, 1. 36, entre autres villes, et qui
«,
37 Kdcbi est nominee sur la stele, Est, 1. 7, puis, 1. 49 et 54
Kacbiye), ensemble avec .4rwia-Xanthos. Comme le nom est
ecrit Kazbi, Stele, Nord, 1. 55, M. Bugge en conclut, p. 43, a
;e forme primitive Edtbi (Kddbi], d'ou le grec KdvSvfia*
33 Bugge, p. 10.
39 La ville de Telebeld est nommee entre Pinale (Pinara) et
Kadavdti (Kadyanda), dans une inscription de Tlos, d'ou M.
Arkwright a deduit que ce doit etre Telmessos, opinion con-
firmee par les monnaies, Hill, Num. Chron., 1895, p. 3812 ; Cat.
Lycia, p. XL. Les Termessiens, Trnnnis, ne sont pas les
Telmessiens (Bugge, p. 62, 70), mais les habitants de la vallee
du Xanthos, dont les villes Patara, Xanthos, Pinara, Tlos
formaient la confederation des, Termessiens, la trmmisn — vedre,
Stele, Est, \. 29/30.
VOL. XVIII. THIRD SERIES. E E
210 NUMISMATIC CHRONICLE.
parait derive de Zemu, ne me semblait resoudre la
question.
Par centre la legende Artiimparahe, n. 5a, permet de
fixer le sens de ces adjectifs, inscrits sur les monnaies.
Ce ne peut etre que, monnaie Artembarienne, 'Apre/x-
flapeiov KOjjL/Jia ou i/ojuto-jua, 'AprefjifiapeLos ararijp.
Done quand nous lisons Arhnahe Kert>i, Arimalic
Keriga, nous traduirons (monnaie) Xanthienne4* — Korei
ou Kcriga (roi ou stratege) et non pas Kerei ou Keriga le
Xantbien. A Antiphellos, par centre, la legende Keriga
Vehhtezi*1 indique que Kcriga ee dit 1'Antiphellite,
'Ai/Ti^eXXiTi/v,42 comme le roi de Salamine Nicodamos
se dit SeXct/zii/t (o?) 43 et le roi de Marion Stasioicos se dit
MapteiK1.44 C'est que le dialecte d'Antiphellos differait
sensiblement de celui de Xanthos et qu'on s'y exprimait
autrement.45
Mais un autre fait, bien curieux, nous est revele par les
stateres et drachmes decrites plus haut. Ici les noms de
la ville et du dynaste sont repartis sur deux monnaies
differentes, mais du meme poids, aux memes types, du
40 Ce qui repondrait au grec : Tep/xeptKw, Nayi^t/c
$€plTLKOV, 'OXfAATtKOK, SoXtKOV, TepCTtKOJ/, 'IcTO'tKOl', etc. , KOfJ-fJia. OU
vo/x,t(T/ua. Head, Hist. Num., p. LXIIE ; Babelon, Pers. Achf-m.
p. XXVII ; comp. surtout Tep/xcpi/coi/ Tvfivo, Brit. Mus., Cat.
Caria, p. 176, 2, PI. XXVII, 2.
41 Babelon, I. c., p. 73, n. 500, PI. XIII, 22; Brit. Mus. Cat.,
p. xxxvi, PI. XLIV, 9.
42 Hill, I. c., p. xxxvi, cp. Polyen. V, 42: IlepiKXe'ovs TOV
AVKIOV, de Pericles le roi des Lyciens.
43 Rev. Num., 1883, p. 274, n. 26, 27; Babelon, 1. c., p. 85,
n. 573, 574, PL XVI, 14, 15.
44 Rev. Num., 1883, p. 348, n. 1, ou Kvp/eus est a corriger en
45 Voir 1'inscription du sarcophage de Pigres, Antii'h. I.
Bugge, p. 7.
MONNA1ES GRECQUES, INEDITES ET 1NCERTA1NES. 211
meme style et parfois sorties du meme coin, qui font la
paire.
On le voit distinctement sur les deux drachmes Candy-
biennes de Caricas, les deux stateres Cadyandiens d'Ar-
tembares, les deux stateres Telmessiens du meme Mede,
les deux stateres Cyaneens ? de Yexere — Kva^aptj?, si
j'ai bien reconnu les initiales de ce personnage, a nom
Mede, a la fin du nom de Teimiouaa. Enfin sur les deux
stateres, n. 7, ou le nom de Telmessos ne ee lit qu'a cote
du nom d'Arbinnas.
Que faut-il en conclure sinon que le droit de battre
monnaie etait partage entre la ville et son stratege ou
polemarque, qui en faisaient usage soit GJI meme temps,
soit Tun apres 1'autre, selon les besoms de le guerre ou du
commerce P
Mais comment expliquer que deux dynastes frappent
des monnaies tout-a-fait pareilles et se servent des
memes coins, comme Kuprlli et Kariga^ Teththweibi et
Sppiitazaf1 Aryandiasis et Arbinnas, n. 6, Arbinnas et
Ddenevele a Telmessos, n. 7. ? Regnaient-ils ensemble
s une meme ville, ou se sont-ils succe*des ? Faut-il se
uvenir de I'epigramme grec de la stele, ou le fils
d'Harpagos nous dit qu'apres avoir pris de force plus
une place forte, il donna une part de son empire aux
membres de sa famille ? 48 LJun des deux dynastes
tait-il suzerain de Fautre ? Les dynastes de deux
lies confederees battaient-ils monnaie en commun ?
46 Hill, Num. Chron., 1895, p. 31, PI. II, 3; Brit. Mus. Cat
63, Pi. IV, 5.
47 Hill, /. c., p. 25—28; Brit. Mus., n. 89—93, 95—98,
PI. V, 8— 12, 14—17.
18 L. 27, 28. TToAAas Se a/cpoTroAe? — Trepcras, crvvyevea'LV SCOKC
fte'pos
J-SWK
-
sou
212 NUMISMATIC CHRONICLE.
Ce sont la des questions que je me pose, sans pouvoir
les resoudre. Une etude speciale des confederations entre
les villes d'un meme district pourrait peut-etre donner la
solution du probleme.
Des quatre stateres d'Artembares, connus jusqu'ici et
tous varies, trois ont pu etre localises, avec plus ou moins
de certitude, par la correspondance des types ou de la
legende avec ceux d'autres monnaies a nom de ville. Le
quatrieme 49 pourrait etre revendique par Pinara, ou
Artembares parait avoir regne, d'apres une inscription
qui le mentionne.50
Nous obtenons ainsi le tableau suivant :
1. Cadyanda. T. de Pallas a droite.
Rev. — T. d'Hermes. Arttumpara. Carre creux.
2. Telmessos. T. de Pallas a droite.
Rev. — T. d'Heracles. Artumparahe. Carre creux.
3. Pinara ? T. de Pallas a droite.
Eev. — T. d'Artembares. Artumpara. Aire creuse.
4. Tlos ? T. de Pallas a gauche.
Eev. — T. d'Artembares. Ertunpari. Aire creuse.
En regardant cette serie, on croirait lire rhistoire de ce
Mede. Venu de Carie ou de 1'interieur, il prend d'abord
Cadyanda, puis il avance en Lycie et s'empare de Tel-
messos, puis de Pinara, enfin de Tlos, quand il est arrete
dans sa marche par Pericles et que sa defaite met fin a un
regne qui ne peut avoir dure longtemps.
A Pinara, Pinale, se classent, ce me semble, les pieces
suivantes :
49 Brit. Mus., p. 25, n. Ill, PI. VI, 12 ; Fellows, XVII, 7.
:o Inscr. de Pinara 2, Bugge, p. 70.
MONNA1ES GRECQUES, 1NEDITES ET 1NCEKTA1NES. 213
15. 1. P. Ai/jle, a dr. ; diquetre.
Rev. — PE (Finale). Tete d' Aphrodite, a dr. ; diquetre.
M 2. I22. Cat. Wadd., u. 3000. Le P au droit,
designerait-il Pericles ?
2. Tete ft Athena, coiffee du casque athenien, a cimier, a
droite.
Rev. — Aiyle debout a gauche, les ailes eployees ; devant,
disceles ; grenetis.
M 2. 12W. Brit. Mus., p. 24, n. 107, PI. VI, 8.
I18. Cat. Wadd., n. 2999.
8. Bouclier rond, orne de deux cocqs affrontes, entr'eux \J/.
JRw. — ^tgrfc debout a gauche, derriere \£ ; autour,
>i^AD\!/E; carre creux borde d'un grenetis.
M 4. 261. Cat. Wadd., n. 2935.
JR8/2. 235. Brit. Mus., p. 22, n. 103; PL VI, 3;
Fellows, XIV, 6.
4. .Mw/fo de lion de face ; dessous, trisceles ; sur le front,
trisceles.
Rev.— Trisceles ; autour, P_/^RE— KA^ ; dans le
champ, #'iM/Z0 debout a gauche ; carre creux.
M 6. 965. Coll. Peez ; Imhoof, Numism. Zeitschr., XVI,
1884, p. 275, 109, T. V. 14.
Avant Artembares Ddenevele parait avoir regne a Tlos,
en juger d'apres les monnaies suivantes :
L6. 1. Tete &'Ath6na, coiffee du casque athenien, a cimier, a
droite. Style archaique.
Rev— Grand ^51; ag.,^^P\y (Kere), dessusTAf^FE
(Tlavi, a Tlos) ; carre creux.
M 2. I84. Cat. Wadd., n. 2936.
51 Ici le monogramme qui me parait se resoudre en kntavata,
stratege, est employe comme type, en preuve que ce mot est
bien le titre des dynastes lyciens, comme 1'a reconnu aussi M.
Heberdey, Jahresh. d. Oest. Archaeol. Inst. in Wien, I, 1898,
p. 41. Seulement les expressions : Arrppakuhe ou Periclehe
kntavata sont a traduire : Stratege de Harpagos ou de Pericles.
214 NUMISMATIC CHRONICLE.
2. Autre, sans legende.
M f. O23. Cab. de France, Babelon, p. 77, n. 520,
PI. XIV, 27.
3. Tete barbue de Ddenevele, coiffee de la tiare dont les
fanons dependent le long du cou, a droite ;
grenetis.
a. Rev. — Meme type ; carre creux.
M 5/4. 830. Mus. de Berlin; Fellows, XVII, 1.
b. Rev. — Teted' Athena, coiffee du casque athenien, acimier,
orne d'une volute et de trois feuilles d'olivier, ct
paree de boucles d'oreilles, a droite; autour
AA>^N — ^F^A^; rond creux borde d'un
grenetis.
M 51/4. 838. Cab. de France; Babelon, p. 77, n. 521,
PI. XIV, 18; Rev. num., 1886, PI. X,
11.
Encore une paire de stateres du meme coin au droit ;
les revers reunis repetent les types du triobole precedent
de Tlos, frappe sous Kerei. Le P retourne, sur d'autres
exemplaires du statere 16,3b, devant la tete du dynaste,
pourrait designer Pinara, sur laquelle Ddenevele aura
regne en meme temps que sur Tlos, comme apres lui
Artembares. II faudrait alors ranger a Pinara lee
etateres figures : Fellows, xvii. 3 — 6 ; Babelon, PI. XIV.
19, 20 ; Cat. Wadd., n. 2948.
Les monnaies lyciennes a la tete d'Athena, coifFee du
casque athenien, forment un groupe distinct et compact.
Elles ont ete emises depuis Candyba et Cyaneae ?, a Test,
jusqu'a Telmessos, a Touest, et depuis Tlos, au nord,
jusqu'a Patara, au sud, et surtout au centre, a Xanthos.
La premiere en date est le statere n. la, dont la tete
d' Athena est une copie servile d'une monnaie d'Athenes
contemporaine et qui doit dater du temps que les Lyciens
MONNAIES GRECQUES, INEDITES ET INCERTATNES. 215
devinrent membres de la symmachie Athenienne, 468, et
que leur contingent se joignit a la flotte de Cimon, qui
defit les Perses sur TEurymedon.52 Le statere lb, a la
tete de Jfcrei, dont le droit est sorti d'un raeme coin tout
use, semble etre d'une date un peu posterieure.
Les stateres les plus recents sont ceux d'Artembares le
Mede, qui apres avoir detrone Ddenevele, a nom lycien, ou
lui etre succede, fut defait, a son tour, par Pericles, le roi
des Lyciens, vers 410, et ceux de Xanthos, comme le n.
8°, qui ne semble guere plus recent.
Le groupe se laisse diviser en deux periodes, d'apres
que les personnages sont mentionnes sur la stele de
Xanthos, comme Kerci, Keriga, Erbbina, et Aruvatiyesi,
dynastes contemporains qui se placent entre 468 et 429
env., ou qu'ils ne sont pas meles dans les evenementa
racontes dans cette inscription, comme Ddenevele, Artturii-
para, Vekssere, auxquels la date provisoire, 429 — 410,
pourrait etre assignee.
II en est de meme des monnaies au type du mufle de
ion de face ; Trbbenimi, qui d'apres la stele 53 defit le
rps d'arrnee de Melesandre, le stratege Athenien, lors
son incursion en Lycie, 429; Aruvatiyesi, eiMithrapata
uvent etre places en 440 — 420, les autres comme
Purest et Zaga ? un peu plus tard jusqu'en 410 env.
quand Pericles, le contemporain d'Euagoras I de Sala-
mine, 410 — 374, devint roi detoute le Lycie.54 Comme il
rtait le nom de 1'illustre Athenien, il sera»ne en 440/
92 Busolt, Griech. Gesch., Ill, p. 145—150.
53 Stele, Sud, 1. 39, 40. Trbbenimi tebete tern se MUasdntrd —
?rbbenimi defit 1'armee et Melesandre. Bugge, p. 81.
54 Theopompe raconte 1'histoire de Pericles dans son XII6
ivre, quicontenait aussi celle d'Euagoms I, puis son XIIIe livre
jouimence avoc 374.
216 NUMISMATIC CHRONICLE.
439, quand le siege et la prise de Samos par les Athenians
rendirent le nom de leur stratege Pericles celebre dans ces
parages et le mirent en relation avec les dynastes Lycieus.55
A vingt ans, 420, il peut avoir succede a son pere, Kcrnjn
ou Kereif* et c'est lui que je voudrais reconnaitre dans
le portrait suivant :
17. Tete d1 Athena des stateres n. 5b et 8a (Xanthos), a droite.
Rev. — Tete imberbe de Pericles ?, coiffe de la tiarc, dont
les fanons dependent le long du cou, a droite ;
devant disceles ; grenetis ; rond creux.
M 1%. I036. Brit, Mus., p. 24, u. 110, PI. VI, 11.
Autre, la tete d'Atbena plus petite ; sans symbole.
M 2. 1°. Cat. Wadd., n. 3002.
Ces dioboles paraissent contemporains du statere n. 8a
de Xanthos. De 412 date, comme il a ete remarque, la
dracnme, n. 14, de Sakaba et le triobole, n. 9, de Zemu, a
types Syracusains.
Chaque monnaie lycienne nouvelle donne une nouvelle
enigme a resoudre et le nombre de types nouveaux et de
legendes inconnues que le catalogue de la collection
Waddington vient de nous reveler, est si grand qu'il y
aura longtemps avant que tous les problemes, qui en
decoulent, aient trouve leur solution.
55 Busolt, GriecJi. Gesch., Ill, p. 547 suiv,
66 Sur la stele, Nord, 1. 80, le tils d'Harpagos, Kerei, se vante
d'avoir tue sept hoplites mercenaires grecs en un jour ; en 440
probablement, Thucyd., I, 115. Get exploit me seinble
represente sur un des frontons du monument, dit des Nereides ;
sur 1'autre Kerei serait assis vis-a-vis de sa femme, la fille
de Kuprlli, entoure de sa nombreuse famille. Si, comrne on
le croit, ce monument a ete erige par Pericles, il aurait
ete fils de Kerei. Mais il me semble plus probable que
Kenya 1'a fait construire pour son beaufrere ou frerc, le h^ros
de la famille. Comp. A. Torp, Lyk. Britraeye, 1898, I. p. 8.
MONNAIES GRECQUES, INED1TES ET 1NCERTAINES. 217
C'est pourquoi j'ai cru devoir me borner, cette fois, a
mettre en relief quelques legendes qui m'ont semble par-
ticulierement interessantes parcequ'elles contiennent des
noms de ville et qu'elles peuvent servir par la a deter-
miner les lieux ou les dynastes lyciens ont regne, plus
exactement que ne 1'a pu faire M. Hill dans son excellente
introduction au catalogue des monnaies lyciennes du
British Museum.57
II me reste a remercier M. Babelon qui a bien voulu
faciliter mon travail en me favorisant de moulages des
pieces les plus curieuses.
XL VI. — PAMPHYLIE — OLBIA.
L'usage d'emettre des monnaies par paires, au nom de
la ville et du dynaste, semble encore avoir ete usite a
Olbia, sur la frontiere de Lycie.
1. Hermes aile en course & droite ou a gauche ; caducee sur
1'aile.
Rev. — Lion en arret, a gauche, retournant la tete vers le
symbole du dieu; carre creux borde d'un grenetis.
Au-dessus du lion :
a. 19 A.
jR 5. II60. Brit. Mus., Cat. Lycia, p. 118, n. 2, PI.
XXIII, 15 ; Luynes, Numism. Cypr., PI.
VI, 7.
b. 1MEIMX.
M 5. II50. Mus. de Vienne, Luynes, PI. II, 14 (inexact).
c. ~1MZIM~1C; T en contreuiarque. Le lion leve la patte
droite.
M 5. II70. Brit. Mus., /.. c., n. 1, PL XXIII, 14 ; Luynes,
PI. VI, 8.
57 Comp. Hill, The Coinage of Lycia, Num. Chron., 1895, p.
I— 44.
VOL. XVIII. THIRD SERIES. F F
218 NUMISMATIC CHRONICLE.
2. Protome de lion, a droite.
Rev. — Tete lauree d'Apollon, a gauche, derriere, symbo
carre creux. Devant la tete :
d. S1MIHMT.
M 8/2. 803. Mus. de Berlin • Numism. Zeitschr., II, 1870,
PI. XII, 3.
Quand j'ai propose de classer ce groupe a Olbia,68
j'etais sous 1'impression que la legende a etait grecque et
pouvait etre completee en OABI*roi/. Plus tard 69 les
types de la drachme me firent pencher pour un atelier de
Carie pres des frontieres de Lycie. Maintenant, une ob-
servation tres judicieuse de M. Bugge m'a fait voir que
M. Hill a bien fait de laisser ces monnaies a Olbia.60 La
legende ABI (L, b, y) est complete quant aux consonnes ;
il n'y manque que les voyelles ; on le voit, en comparant
avec M. Bugge,61 les mots lyciens Ibiyti ('O\|3ta?), Stele de
Xanthos, Quest, 1. 40, et Ibbei, Antiph. i. 6, qui repondent
au nom dj Olbia en Lycien.
II s* en suit que le nom du dynaste est ecrit de la meme
maniere simplifi^e, sans voyelles et peut-etre sans re-
doublement de consonnes, comme Tindique le th simple et
le w, qui n'est pas suivi du n qui le double.
Le commencement de la legende, retrograde sur la
drachme, me semble indique par le T, en contremarque
sur le statere 1°, et dont 1 ne parait etre qu'une forme
archaique. Je transcris done (b) : T . m . h . y . m . th, et
(c, d) : T.m.h.y.m.t.s. A ces deux desinences en th et
58 Zdtschr. f. Numism., VI, 1879, p. 82.
59 Num. Chron., 1890, p. 250.
69 Cat. Lycia, p. Ixxvii.
61 Bugge, Lyhische Studlen, 1, 1897, p. 29.
•
MONNAIES GRECQUES, INEDITES ET INCERTAINES. 219
. s, qui semblent appartenir a deux dialectes differents,62
on pent comparer pour b, punamaththi, Inscr. de
Levissi, 1. 3, et le nom lycien 'OpvifjLvSos ; pour c, d,
HopfjiaTis et HvpL/JLCLTi*;, ~Purih.ime.tehe, Lev., Purihi-
meti, Lim. 2, 35 ; Kand. 3, 'O/rBa/xoros', Journ. Hellen.
Stud., xv. 1895, p. 121. A la premiere moitie du nom de
dynaste, evidemment compose, se laisse comparer : Zum-
mehneti, Lim. 8 ; Ariwwmiha, Myr. 2, Mnnuhe, Lim. 14,
44.
D'apres ces formes et en admettant que le nom
d'Olbia soit au datif, comme a Tlos, la transcription sui-
vante, tout d fait provisoire, pourrait etre proposee : a,
Lb(i)y(i) ou Lb(bi)y(ei) ; b, T(u)mn(ni)y(i)m(a)th(thi) ; c, d,
T(K)mn(ni)i/(i)m(a)t(i)s, c'est a dire Tumnimatis comme
Purimatis et Ponamathis.
XL VII. — ANTIGONE, ROI DE BABYLONE.
317—311.
Apres Alexandre le grand, 330 — 323, et Philippe
hidee, 323 — 317, Antigone fut reconnu roi par les
byloniens, qui daterent d'apres les annees de son
e depuis 317 jusqu'en 31 1,63 quand il fut succede par
Seleucus.
C'est a ces six annees que je voudrais classer les
62 Comme les noms propres ne se terminent pas en s en
lycien, je soupconne que la legende b donne le nom sous sa forme
lycienne en ththi, et les legendes c, d, sous sa forme pam-
phylienne en tis. Je n'ai rien trouve qui s'opposait & cette
opinion dans les inscriptions pamphyliennes ou pisidiennes qui
me sont connues.
63 Oppert, Zeitschr. d, D. Morgenl. Gesellsch., LI, 1897, p.
157—164.
220 NUMISMATIC CHRONICLE.
monnaies suivantes, emises a Babylone, comme 1'a vu M.
Imhoof. Elles sont anterieures a celles que Seleucus
marque de 1'ancre, son symbole, et elles paraissent
posterieures a celles qui d'apres leurs monogrammes et
symboles datent du regne d'Alexandre et de Philippe.64
Ce sont : I, les doubles dariques marquees MHTPo 5
HP; couronne et XA ; couronne et M ; 65 Head, Hist,
num., p. 700, n. 16, 4, 3 ; Coin, of Lydia, &c., PI. I. n.
19, 18 ; Babelon, Pers. Achem., p. xix ; 14, n. 115, PL
II. 18; 117; 114, PI. II. 17; Imhoof, Monn. grecq.,
p. 375, n. 79a.
II, les stater es euboiques au lion, marques ANT ; torche
et HP; couronne et Ml; Ml; couronne autour de
MHTPo, et Ml ; MHTPo et M ; MAP seul ou dans un
cercle ; Imhoof, Monn. grecq., p. 377, n. 19, 18, 26, 27,
22, 24, cp. 25 ; Babelon, n. 298, PI. VII. 6 ; 299—301.
Ce qui m'induit EI dater ces pieces du regne d' Antigone
c'est que les memes monogrammes et lettres se retrouvent
sur un groupe de stateres et de tetradrachmes d'Alex-
andre, reunis par L. Mueller, Numism. d'Alexandre,
sous les n. 709 — 749, qui d'apres le style et 1'addition
constante du titre royal sont posterieures aux emissions
64 Imhoof, Die Muenzstaette Babylon, Numism. Zeitschr.,
XXVII, 1896, p. 4—7.
65 M. Imhoof classe les doubles dariques, marquees d'une
couronne, aMazaios, p. 2 ; je prefere lui donner celles au symbole
de la tiare de satrape, Head, (?. of Lydia, PI. I, 24 ; Num.
Chron., 1891, PI. IV. 19. C'est a tort qu'on a lu X sur un
exemplaire, Head, 1. c., n. 23; Babelon, /. c., n. 113, PI. II,
16 ; il y a en realite Cgl^ comme sur le statere au lion, Imhoof,
L c., n. 23, oil le meme monogramme est accoste d'un H, et sur
les tetradrachmes d'Alexandre, n. 1317, et de Philippe, n. 104,
ou il est accoste d'un M, au lieu d'un O. Head, Guide, PI.
27, 10.
MONNATES GRECQUES, INED1TES ET INCERTAINES. 221
que M. Imhoof a demontre" avoir ete faites a Babylone
du vivant d' Alexandre et de Philippe.
Les monnaies de ce groupe sont toutes marques d'une
couronne entourant le monogramme M^MHTPOFIOAI^),
seul, n. 709, 710, ou accompagne d'autres lettres ou
monogrammes, comme H, 711—714 ; FTP, 723 ; XA, 724
—728 ; M, inedit ; Ml, soit seul, 731—735, soit avec des
symboles divers, 736 — 749.
Ce sont les memes lettres et monogrammes qui se
lisent sur les doubles dariques et les stateres au lion cites
plus haut, a la seule difference que sur les doubles
dariques, faute d'espace, la couronne ne renferme pas le
monogramme caracteristique.
Ce monogramme qui contient toutes les lettres de
Mr/TpoTroXts1, me semble designer Babylone, comme
metropole et capitale de Tempire, oft d'ailleurs cette serie
si abondante doit avoir ete emise, puisqu'elle fait suite a
celles que P atelier de Babylone avait produites sous
Alexandre et Philippe.
Le monogramme ANTI, sur un des stateres au lion,
m'engage a ajouter le statere d'or et le tetradrachme de
Philippe III, au meme monogramme, Mueller, n. 128, 129,
qu' Antigone peut avoir fait battre, 318/7, quand il se
trouvait en Mesopotamie comme allie de Seleucus, alors
satrape de Babylone,66 et avant d'inaugurer, 316, la
grande emission au nom du jeune Alexandre, fils de
Roxane.
Si la date, 316 — 311, que je propose pour cette emis-
Kaerst, Pauly-Wissowa, Real-encycL, I, p. 2408, 2409, v.
Antigonos, n. 3. Antigone, comme les autres diadoques, doit
avoir fait battre des masses enormes de monnaies royales pour
la solde de ses troupes. N'aurait-il pas eu de symbole pour
les marquer ?
222 NUMISMATIC CHRONICLE.
sion, est exacte, on pourrait reconnaitre dans la couronne
qui se voit, soit seule, soit autour du monogramme de la
metropole, le symbole particulier d' Antigone, comme
1'ancre 1'etait de Seleueus.
XL VIII. — ANTIOCHUS (I), ROI DE BABYLONE.
293—281.
Apres Antigone Seleueus (I) devint roi de Babylone
c'est alors que commence, 2 Avril 311, pour Babylone,
1'ere des Seleucides 67 et remission des monnaies, mar-
quees de Vancre, le symbole de Seleueus.68
Cinq ans plus tard, 306, le roi de Babylone ceignit le
diademe et fut reconnu roi par les Grecs.69
Depuis lors il put remplacer le nom d'Alexandre par le
sien sur les monnaies royales aux types du fondateur de
rempire et faire suivre aux emissions babyloniennes
anonymes ses monnaies aux nouveaux types: tete de
Zeus et Athena combattant dans un bige et un
quadrige d'elephants, a la legende BAZIAEQZ
2EAEYKOY.70
Apres 13 ans, Seleueus nomma son fils Antiochus
roi de Babylone, a Poccasion de son mariage avec Stra-
tonice, 293, et lui confia le gouvernement des satrapies
67 Strassmayer, Zdtschr. f. Assyriol., VIII, 1893, p. 108;
Oppert, I. c.
68 Imhoof, Muenzstaette Babylon, p. 8, 9.
69 Plutarque, Demetr., XVIII. Kal yap Auo-t/xa^os T/p£aro
<f>opfiv 8taS7;/x,a icat 2eA.€D»cos Ivrvyxavwv rots "EAATjo-iv, eVct rols
ye Pa.pj3a.pots Trporepov OUTOS a>S /SaatXeus
70 Imhoof, 1. c., p. 10—13.
MONNAIES GRECQUES, INEDITES ET INCERTA1NES. 223
orientales de son vaste empire, qu'il lui ceda en entier,
281, quelques mois avant sa mort.71
II n'est pas douteux que pendant cette periode, 293 —
281, Antiochus ait fait battre monnaie en son propre
nom, en Babylonie, mais il n'est pas toujours facile de
distinguer ces emissions de celles qui datent d'apres 281,
quand il succeda a son pere.
Voici celles qui me paraissent certaines :
I. Stateres d'or aux types d'Alexandre, marques de
monogrammes qui se retrouvent sur des tetradrachmes
aux types d'Alexandre et au nom de Seleucus, d'un style
particulier et qui convient a la Babylonie, ainsi que 1'a
bien vu M. Imhoof.72 La t£te d'Hercule est copiee
d'apres celle des tetradrachmes emis a Babylone sous
Alexandre le Grand.73
II ne faut done pas les placer trop tard. Je voudrais
les dater d'un peu avant 293 et les stateres d'or d' Antio-
chus aux memes monogrammes du commencement de son
regne, en 293. Ce sont :
Tete casque d'Athena, a droite.
Rev.— ANTIOXOY BAZIAEHZ. Nike, avec stylis
et couronne. Dans le champ stylis, -fe, •£€.
N 4. Catal. Dupre, 1867, n. 324.
Autre B= , A.
Wilcken dans Pauly-Wissowa, Eeal-encycl. , I, p. 2450, 21,
itiochus I Soter.
?2 Imhoof, I c., p. 6, n. 19.
73 Us sont marques d'un <t> oil de ]$$, monogramme qui se
decompose en <1>IAOI*I. C'est le $iXo^evos qu'Alexandre
envoya, a la fin de 381, a Suse, pour y mettre en surete les
50,000 talents d'argent que les rois de Perse y avaient entasses.
Arrien, Anab., Ill, 16, 6, cp. Ill, 6, 4 ; il aura ete charge de
convertir cette somme en monnaie.
224 NUMISMATIC CHRONICLE.
N 4£. 855. Luynes, Choix, PL XV, 3 ; Babelon, Rois de
Syrie, p. 16, n. 103, PL IV, 2.
Tete d'Hercule, coiffe de la peau de lion, a droite.
Rev.— ZEAEYKOY BAZIAEflZ. Zeus aetophore,
Classe III de Mueller, PL I, 11, assis a gauche.
Devant Sous
Ini. le trone.
•^ 17P Ml. 1696. Ma coll.
Id. W 7. 1664. Cat. Watcher de, Molthein, n.
2862, PL XXIV.
•PC Id. 7. — Cab. de la Haye.
AB fe 7i. - Cab. de la Haye.
&. X 8/7. 1701. Brit. Mus. Cat., p. 2, n. 13;
1673, ma coll. ; Mus. Law/, I, p, 239,
n. 2529, PL n. XXXII.
Id. 41 8. 1693. Mus. de Berlin, K. Muenzk.,
1877, n. 397.
Id. 4£ 8. — Cab. de la Haye.
tf Id. 8. 1691. Cat. Bunbury, n. 428, Brit. Mus.
^4 Id. 7. - Cab. de la Haye.
Id. H* 8. 1670 troue. Babelon, 12. de Syrie, p.
4, n. 20.
Autres, BAZIAEHZ ANTIOXOY.
Grappe de raisin, tf ^ M 8. 1679. Mus. de Vienne ;
Imhoof, Monn. grecq.. p.
423, n. 8.
AIAT Id. M 8. 1620. Cat. Bunbury,
n. 435.
II. Tetradrachme aux types d'Alexandre et a la
legende ANTIOXOY ZEAEYKOY BAZIAEJ1Z, c'est
a dire, monnaie d'Antiochus fils de Seleucus le roi, Num.
Chron., 1880, p. 189, PL X. 2 ; Babelon, /. e. p. xl. vign.
A ce tetradrachme, unique jusqu'ici et qui aura ete
emis en 293, font suite les tetradrachmes pareils, a la
legende BAZIAEHZ ANTIOXOY.74
74 Imhoof, Monn. yrecg., p. 422, n. 7 — 9 ; Babelon, /. c., p.
16, u. 104, PL IV, 3; ma coll.
MONNAIES OKKiXjUKS, 1NEHITK8 K I I NOERTAINES. 225
Puis ceux sur lesquels Zeus porte la Nike, au lieu de
1'aigle, sur la main.75 Comme ces deux series sont paral-
leles a celles de Seieucus aux memes types, elles datent
d'avant 281 et la Nike doit faire allusion a une victoire
remportee entre 293 et 281, bien probableraent aux
succes obtenus sur Demetrius le Poliorcete, qui se rendit
a Seieucus en 286 et mourut trois ans apres en captivite.76
III. Stateres d'or de Seieucus I et dracbme d'argent
correspondante d'Antiochus aux memes types.
Tete diademee de Seieucus I, tres age, ornee de comes de
taureau, a droite.
Rev.— BAZIAEHZ ZEAEYKOY, buste de cheral
bride et muni de comes de taureau, a droite ;
devant deux monogrammes ; dessous, mono-
gramme.
N 4|. — Mus. Lavy, I, n. 2528, PI. n. 31.
Au-devant le premier monogr. ; dessous, autre monogr.
N 5. 860, 855. Babelon, R. de Syrie, p. 9, n. 54, PI. II, 8 ;
Mion., V, p. 1, n. 1, Eec. PI. 77, 6;
Blanchet, Les monnaies grecq., 1894, PI.
XI, 1 ; — Brit. Mus. Cat., p. 3, n. 24,
PL I, 6.
Meme tete ; grenetis.
Rev.— BAZIAEHZ ANTIOXOY, memetype; devant
et dessous monogr. ; grenetis.
M 3£. 403. Imhoof, Monn. grecq., p. 424, n. 16, PI. H,
n. 11; Cat. Greau, n. 2247; Cat. Whit-
tall, 1858, n. 680.
395. Cunningham, Journ. Asiat. Soc. of Bengal,
1881, p. 178, n. 66, PL 18, 13.
75 Imhoof, I c., n. 10—12 ; Babelon, n. 105 ; Brit. Mus.,
p. 8, n. 1, PL III, 1 ; Cat. Montaju, I, n. 691, PL IX, II, n.
328.
76 Droysen, Gesch. d. Hellen., II, 2, p. 310 suiv.
VOL. XVIII. THIKD SERIES. G G
226 NUMISMATIC CHRONICLE.
La tete de Seleucus, divinise, comme les comes de
taureau 1'indiquent, est celle d'un homme tres age et
nous donne le portrait du vieux roi, tel qu'il doit avoir
ete la derniere annee de sa vie, quand il avait 76 ans.
A ces rares monnaies, que je voudrais dater de 281,
font suite les stateres d'or, tetradrachmes et drachmes
au meme revers et aux tetes d'Antiochus I et II, dont
il sera question plus loin.
XLIX. — SELEUCUS, ROI DE BABYLONE.
280—268 env.
Apres la mort de son pere, Antiochus I s'adjoigni
comme roi de Babylone, son fils aine Seleucus qui, ne
au plus tot en 292, aura eu alors, 280, douze ans. II
est mentionne avec son pere dans les inscriptions cunei-
formes babyloniennes en (280), 275 — 273, 269."
C'est a lui que me semblent convenir les monnaies
suivantes :
Tete de Zeus lauree, a droite.
ZEAEYKOY ANTIOXOY
(Monnaie du roi Seleucus fils d'Antiochus).
Athena combattant, a droite, dans un quadrige
d'elephants, a comes de taureau. Dans le
champ @
& 6, 7. 13", 13M. Num. Chron., 1879, p. 10, PI. I, 4 ;
Babelon, /. c., p. 15, n. 19, PI.
Ill, 4.
Memes types et legende, mais bige d'elephants, au lieu de
quadrige.
JR 3. S44. Num. Chron., 1880, p. 189, PI. X, 3; Babelon,
p. XL, viyn.
77 Wilcken, Pauly-Wissowa, Real-encycl., I, p.
MONNAIES GRECQUES, INEDITES ET 1NCERTAINES. 227
Le jeune roi fut mis a mort, 268 ou 267, a 24 ou 25
ans, accuse de rebellion centre son pere. II se pourraii,
que ces rares monnaies d'un style particulier et d'un
poids insolite, sur lesquelles le titre de roi est donne a
Seleucus et non a son pere, ayent etc un des griefs qu'on
fit valoir centre lui. Dans ce cas elles auraient etc
emises en 268 env. et cette date est confirmee par le
monogramme qui revient sur toute une serie de monnaies
de bien peu posterieures a celles-ci.
ANTIOCHUS (II), ROI DE BABYLONE.
266—261.
Apres la mort du fils aine", le cadet, Antiochus (II), ne
en 286, devint roi de Babylone, a vingt ans. Les in-
scriptions babyloniennes le mentionnent, 266, 265, 263,
avec son pere, auquel il succe"da, 261, comme monarque de
['empire entier.
A ce regne conjoint, 266 — 261, me semblent convenir
les tetradrachmes suivants,
I. Tete diademee d' 'Antiochus I, a droite ; grenetis.
Rev.— BAZIAEHZ ANTIOXOY. Apollon assis, a
gauche, sur 1'omphalos, s'appuyant de la main
gauche sur son arc et tenant de la droite deux
fleches ; dans le champ ^ et ^ ; grenetis.
M 8. 1704. Bunbury, Num. Chron., 1883, p. 76, 77, PI.
IV, 2; Cat. Bunb., II, n. 442; Cat.
Wkittall, 1867, n. 811.
JR 4. 405. Ma coll., mais Apollon ne tient qu'une neche.
Tete diademee d' Antiochus (II), a droite ; grenetis.
Rec. — Meme revers et parfois du meme coin.
228 NUMISMATIC CHRONICLE.
M 8. 1710— 1689. Bunbury, 1. c., PL IV, 2; Cat. Bunb.,
n. 446 ; Cat. Bompois, n. 1712 ;
Brit. Mus.; p. 8, n. 4, 5, 3, PI. Ill,
8 ; Cat. Whittall, 1867, n. 815 ; cp.
K. Muenzk. Berlin, 1877, n. 405,
sans le second monogr.
Les deux fleches qu'Apollon tient en main semblent
symboliser les deux Antiochus qui regnaient alors en-
semble.
II. 1. Tete diademee d' 'Antiochus I, tres age, a droite;
grenetis.
Rev.— BAZIAEHZ ANTIOXOY, ApoUen laure et
diademe, assis, a gauche, sur I'omphalos, s'ap-
puyant de la main gauche sur son arc et tenant
de la droite trois flkches separees ; devant lui un
cheval paissant, a g., cache en partie par sa
jambe g. ; grenetis. Dans le champ a g. JH
(XillAos?) et un second monogr. qui
varie, AK.
^8. — Cab. de la Haye. Superbe portrait et
magnifique exemplaire.
7|. 17". Mus. de Berlin, K. Muenzk., 1877, n. 404,
PL V.
7*. 1686. Leake, Num. Hell Kings, p. 23; Cat.
Revil, 1845, n. 368.
Autre monogr., APT.
M 7i. 1715. Brit. Mus., p. 9, 20, PI. Ill, 6 ; Head,
Guide, p. 73, 13, PL 87; Imhoof,
Muenzst. BabyL, p. 15, 20, T. II, 16.
1821 ? Cat. Montagu, I, n. 694.
Autre monogr.
M 1. 1675. Brit. Mus., p. 9, n. 21.
Autre monogr.
M 3£. 410. Coll. Imhoof.
Autres monogr.
& 5_4. _ Brit. Mus., p. 10, n. 29, 31, PI. IV, 5.
M 2. 271. Ibid., n. 32, 33; Imhoof, Monn. yrecq., p.
425, n. 18.
MONNAIES GRECQUES, INEDITES ET INCERTAINES. 229
2. Tete diademee & Antiochus II,16 a droite ; grenetis.
Eev. — Meme revers ; le second monogr, NIKAP.
M 8J. 1687. Cat. Walcher de Molthein, n. 2921a, PI.
XXV (Antiochus III).
8. 1618. Ma coll. [PL XV, No. 2.]
Autre monogr. ME.
JE 4. 650. Imhoof, Monn. grecq., p. 425, n. 17 ; Choix,
PL VI, 21.
Autre monogr.
M 4. 640. Babelon, Rois de Syrie, p. 21, n. 150, PL IV,
20.
La date de ce groupe me semble donnee par les trots
fleches qu'Apollon tient se'parement, et qu'il contemple
si attentivement.
C'est qu'Antioclius I est devenu grand-pere et qu'a
Antiochus (II), marie sans doute, a vingt ans, quand il
fut nomme roi de Babylone, 266, vient de nattre un fils,
Seleucus (II) ; ce fut probablement en 265.
En 253 Seleucus est mentionne comme roi de Baby-
lone, sans son pere, soit par une erreur du scribe,79 soit
parcequ'il avait reellement recu ce titre a 12 ans, ce qui
fixerait sa naissance a 265. II aurait alors eu 20 ans en
245, quand il se maria a son tour.80
78 Cette tete, quoique plus jeune, ressemble a plus d'une tete
d'Antiochus I, et en meme temps elle est fort semblable a celles
d'Hierax, VII, 5b, PL XV, n. 7 (p. 242). Hierax avait le profil
de son grand-pere, comme plus d'une piece le demontre.
79 Wilcken dans Pauly-Wissowa, Real-encycL, I, p. 2455.
80 Droysen, Gesch. d. Hellen., Ill, 1, p. 385, 386, n. 1.
D'apres Justin. XXVII, 2, 6, le fils cadet Antiochus (Hierax)
avait 14 ans quand Seleucus II implora son aide contre le roi
d'Egypte, 244/3 env., Holm, Griech. Gesch., IV, p. 272, 273.
II est done ne vers 258 — 257. Entre les deux freres sont a
placer les deux sosurs, mariees, 245 a 242, Droysen, 1. c., p.
395, et qu'on peut croire nees en 262 et en 260 env. ; cp.
• Wilcken, 1. c., p. 2457.
230 NUMISMATIC CHRONICLE.
La tete du grand-pere sur les tetradraclim.es est d'une
execution magnifique ; c'est le portrait le plus carac-
teristique du roi, tel qu'il etait les dernieres annees de sa
vie. Ne en 324, il avait 60 ans en 264 et c'est a cette
occasion que le nouveau portrait aura e*te execute par un
artiste de premier ordre.
La tete du fils est d'un style plus neglige et ressemble
un peu trop & celle du pere, avec laquelle on l'a parfois
confondue, quoique ce soit evidemment celle d'un jeune
homme.
II y a d'autres emissions encore qu'on serait tente de
classer a la memeepoqueparcequ'ellespresententtantot la
tete du pere et tantot celle du fils, si ressemblante au
pere qu'il est difficile parfois de 1'en distinguer, tandis que
le revers reste tout-a-fait le meme.
Mais il est tout aussi probable qu'Antiochus II ait
continue pendant quelque temps le mormayage com-
mence par son pere, sans qu'il y fut fait d'autre change-
ment que de rajeunir les traits du monarque afin de les
rendre plus semblables a ceux du nouveau roi. Car je
ne pense pas qu'on aura battu monnaie en or a 1'efBgie
du fils tant que vivait le pere. II s'agit des monnaies
suivantes.
III. 1. Tete diademee d'Antiochus I, a droite.
Rev.— BAXIAEHZ ANTIOXOY, Apollon assis, a
gauche, sur 1'omphalos, s'appuyant de la main
gauche sur son arc et tenant de la droite une
fleche ; dans le champ, (Aj, ©.
N 4. 855, 848. Brit. Mus., p. 108, n. 1, PL XXVIII, lft;
Head, Guide, p. 73, 12, PI. 37, 12; -
Num. Chron., 1881, p. 11, PL II, 4.
A &n-dessus du bras d'Apollon.
N 8*. 845. Babelon, I. c., p. 17, n. 112, PL IV, 8.
MONNAIES GRECQUES, IXEDITES ET INCERTAINES. 231
Tete diademee diAntiochus II, a droite.
Eev. — Meme revers, mais A KH-dessous du bras d'Apollon.
tf 4. 855— 816. Babelon, n. 110, PL IV, 7 ; Mion., V, p. 16,
n. 141, S. VIII, PI. XI, 3 ;— Luynes,
Choix, PI. XV, 4 ; Babelon, n, 111 ; —
Num. Chron., 1881, PI. II, 3 ; — Duane,
C. of the Seleuc., PL III, 9 ; — Imhoof,
Monn. grecq., p. 425, 23 ; — Cat. Mon-
tagu, I,' n. 692, PI. IX.
2. Tete diademee d'Antiochus I, a droite.
Eev.— BAZIAEHZ ANTIQXOY, buste de cheval
bride, muni de cornes de taureau, a droite ;
grenetis. Devant ®.
M 7k- 1690, 1655. Babelon, p. 15, n. 100, PI. Ill, 16 ;
Brit. Mus., p. 108, n. 21% PL
XXVIII, 1°.
T6te diademee dCAntiochus II, a droite.
Rev. — Meme revers.
M 7. 1665, Num. Chron., 1881, p. 11, PL II, 7.
JR3£. 415, 385. Babelon, p. 15, n. 101, PL HI, 17;
Num. Chron., 1879, p. 11, PI. I, 5.
Devant @, dessous ABIAQ&yAos).
M 7. 1660. Num. Chron., 1880, p. 190, PI. X, 4; Babe-
Ion, p. LVIII, vign.
Devant (Si) (AlOctapos).
N 3. 851. Num. Chron., 1881, p. 11, PL II, 6.
M 3. 412. Num. Chron., 1879, p. 11, PI. I, 6.
Devant Al(dSojpos).
N 3£. 8". Num. Chron., 1881, p. 11, PL II, 5 ; Babe-
Ion, p. LVIII, vign.
Le mot ABIA, ecrit en grandes lettres sous le buste de
leval cornu, est, a ce qu'il parait, a completer en
*7\09, brn"Tn37, nom semitique connu par les in-
scriptions, Waddington, Rec. d. inscr. grecq. Syrie, n.
1854d; 2556, 'A
232 NUMISMATIC CHRONICLE.
D'apres Tobservation de M. Clermont-Ganneau,81 la
forme grecque correspondante doit efcre Aioficopos, puisque
Belos est a rendre par Zeus,82 et c'est cette forme qui est
exprimee par les monogrammes A, ©, ©, Al> qui ne
designent pas un nom de ville, tel quo Dionysopolis,88
mais le prepose a la monnaie royale en Babylonie, sous
Antiochus I et II, Abidbelos — Diodoros.
Ce haut fonctionnaire, un Syrien, a en juger d'apres
son nom, qui se cache sous un monogramme inoffensif pen-
dant le regne du pere, doit avoir occupe un rang tres
eleve, second au roi seul, sous Antiochus II, quand son
monogramme devient de plus en plus lisibk et que son
nom semitique s'etale en grandes lettres au milieu du
champ, fait tout-a-fait exceptionel et dont je ne trouve
d'autre exemple que celui de Mazaios, qui place son nom
et son titre sur les stateres eubo'iques de Babylone sous
Alexandre.84
M. Gardner85 pense a un satrape ou un dynaste, a
nioitie independant, d'un district de la Bactriane ou de la
Paropamisade, mais un nom semitique ne convient guere
a un tel dynaste.
II ne reste done, si je vois bien, qu'un Satrape de la
Babylonie, qui, a 1'instar de Mazaios, obtint, momentane-
ment peut-etre, les pouvoirs de vice- roi de Babylone,
81 Revue Critique, 1885, I, p. 177. " Les noms theophores
grecs X + Swpos correspondent aux noms theophores semitiques
A b d -\- X " ; cite par M. Herzog, Namensuebersetzungen, Philo-
logus, LVI, 1897, p. 33—70.
83 Herzog, I. c., p. 55.
13 Babelon, 1. c., p. XXXIX, XL.
84 Mazdai, bel Terz, Mazaios, seigneur de Tarse, Num. Chron.,
1884, PI. VI, 6; Babylon, Peri. Achemen., PL VI. 20, 21;
Imhoof, Mucnzst. BabyL, p. 3, T. I, 1.
85 Num. Citron., 1880, p. 190.
MONNAIES GRECQUES, INEDITES ET 1NCERTAINES. 233
endant le regne d'un roi, qui ne residait pas en Orient
et dont le fils aine etait encore trop jeune alors pour
devenir roi de Baby lone.
L. — ANTIOCHUS HIERAX.
245—227.
Tandis qu'en Orient les emissions en or et en argent,
commencees sous Antiochus I, se continuent sous son fils,
sans modifications importantes, de nouveaux types ap-
paraissent en Asie-mineure.
Une serie de tetradrachmes, marques des monogrammes
et symboles de Sardes (monogr. et fer de lance),88 Phocee
(mon. et tete de griffon), Cyme (monota), Myrina (amphore)
et Ephese (Arsinoe ?) (mon. et buste de cerf)87 porte au
revers de la tete d' Antiochus II, le type lydien d'Hercule,
se reposant de ses travaux, assis d'abord sur une cuve,88
puis sur un rocher.89
86 Finder, die Cistophoren, p. 564, n. 131 (massue), 132, T. I,
10, 133 (fer de lance), et un monogramme de Sardes qui ne
differe que legerement de celui des tetradrachmes. Cat. Bun-
bury, n. 291, 292, Brit. Mus.
87 Ephese fut cedee, 248, a Berenice lors de son mariage avec
Antiochus II, mort 246. Pendant ces trois ans le symbole
'Ephese a pu figurer sur les monnaies du roi.
88 Avec £APAI en mon., Brit. Mus., p. 8, n. 2, PI. Ill, 2 ;
Cat. Bunb., n. 484, PI. IV. ; Babelon, p. 28, n. 209, PI. VI, 10 ;
Mion. V, p. 16, n. 149, S. VIII, PL XI, 4 ; Rois grecs, PI.
XXXVII, 21 ; ma coll. — Avec la tete de griffon de Phocee,
Babelon, n. 210 ; Mion. S. VIII, p. 14, n. 81.
89 Avec symboles et mon. de Sardes (fer de lance), Myrina,
Cyme, Phocee (mon.), Ephese, Brit. Mus. p. 14, n. 8, 10, PL V,
5, 6 ; Head, Guide, p. 73, 14, PL 37 ; Bunbury, Num. Chron.,
1883, PL IV, 4, 5 ; Cat. Bunb., n. 455, 456 ; Babelon, n. 207,
208 ; Mion., n. 148 ; Rois yrecs, n. 22 ; Imhoof, Monn. grecq.,
p. 426, n. 28, 29 ; Choix, PL VI, 205.
VOL. XVIII. THIRD SERIES. H H
'234 NUMISMATIC CHRONICLE.
Je les crois frappe's dans 1' atelier de Sardes, dont
Alexandre, le beau-fr&re du roi, etait commandant,90 et
destines a la circulation en Lydie et dans les villes
voisines de la cote d'Eolide et d'lonie.
La tete du jeune roi, encore tres ressemblante a celle de
son pere sur la premiere de ces varietes, devient de plus
en plus individuelle sur la seconde et nous donne, ce me
semble, quelques bons portraits du monarque.
En les comparant attentivement avec ceux d'une serie
de tetradrachmes marques d'un cheval paissant a 1'exergue
du revers, symbole de Neandria, puis d'Alexandrie de
Troade, sur laquelle la tete est ornee d'ailes aux tempes,
j'ai acquis la conviction, comme Sir Edward Bunbury,91
que la plupart de ces derniers portraits representent
Antiochus Theos non seulement divinise mais encore
fortement idealise. Deux exceptions me sont connues.
1. Tete diademee, ornee d'ailes aux tempes, d1 'Antiochus II,
a droite ; grenetis.
Rev.— BAZIAEHZ ANTIOXOY, Apollon assis sur
1'omphalos, a gauche, s'appuyant de la main
gauche sur son arc et tenant une fleche de la
droite; dans le champ a g. MH, a dr. EP ; a
1'exergue cheval puissant a droite.
M 9. - Cab. de la Haye.
Ce portrait est fort caracteristique et nullement idealise.
2. Tete diademee, ornee d'ailes aux tempes, d'un roi tres
jeune, a droite ; grenetis.
Rev. — Meme revers, et meme monogr. a dr. ; le cheval
paissant a yauche, derriere HA.
90 Euseb., Chron., I, p. 251 (Antiochus Hierax) adjuto-
rem enim et suppetias (ab) Alexandr(o) etiam habebat, qui Sar-
dianorum urbem tenebat, qui et frater matris eius Laodicae
erat.
si Num. Chron., 1883, p. 80.
MONNAIES GKECQUES, INEDITES ET 1NCEKTAINES. 235
Ce dernier portrait d'un adolescent ne peut representer
mtiochus II, ce doit etre celui de son fils Hierax, qui
I'avait qu'une douzaine d'annees £ la mort de son pere.
>ur tous les autres exemplaires qui me sont connus, la
jte est celle d' Antiochus Theos idealisee. J'en conclus
[ue cette serie n'a pas ete emise pendant sa vie, mais
apres son deces.
Antiochus II raourut, 246, laissant 1'empire a son fils
ine Seleucus II, age de vingt ans environ. Celui-ci
le parvint qu'apres un longue lutte a prendre posses-
sion de Fheritage de son pere, envahi par le roi d'Egypte,
>lemee III, qui etait venu venger le meurtre de sa
sceur Berenice, qu' Antiochus avait epousee en 248/T.92
Seleucus II ne continua pas les types de son pere et
rand-pere; son Apollon n'est plus assis tranquillement
sur 1'omphalos, au centre du sanctuaire, mais debout,
appuye sur 1'arc ou accoude au trepied, pret a defendre
m temple contre Tenneini Lagide. Serait-ce la le
ml motif de Tadoption d'un nouveau type ? Je croirais
)lutot que le type de famille qui est repris par
Qeucus III et ses successeurs, avait ete occupe par un
autre pretendant et que les emissions d' Antiochus II
etaient continuees en Asie-mineure, a son nom et a sa
tete divinisee, par sa veuve Laodice et son fils cadet
Hierax, qui n' etait alors qu'un enfant. Des lors tout
j'explique. Pendant quelque temps Hierax, trop jeune
encore pour se declarer ouvertement contre son frere, se
borne a continuer les emissions aux types de son pere,
lont le nom est pareil au sien, dans la region d'Asie-
»ineure, ou il est le maitre effectif.93 Puis quand enfin
92 Wileken, Pauly-Wissowa, Feal-encyel., I, p. 2456.
83 Holm, Griech. Gesch., IV, p. 272.
236 NUMISMATIC CHRONICLE.
la guerre eclate entre les deux freres, rien ne Pempeche
plus de faire graver son portrait sur les monnaies qui
portent deja son nom.
Cette serie, a la tete ailee, emise en Troade, n'est pas
la seule qui revienne a Hierax ; il y en a d'autres encore,
qui commencent sous Antiochus II et se continuent sous
son fils. Ce sont :
II. 1. Tete diademee d' Antiochus II, a droite.
Rev.' — Revers du n. I. ; devant Apollon une tongue torche
allumee ; a 1'exergue, monogramme et a'ujle
debout a g.
M 9. 1711. Coll. Imhoof. [PI. XV, No. 3.]
16*4 use. Ma coll. ; cp. Cat. Bunb., n. 449, PXP,
symbole indistinct, 1685.
2. Tete diademee d' Antiochus Hierax, a droite.
Rev. — Meme revers, mais le monogr. derriere YaigU.
M 8£. 1705. Babelon, Rots de Sijrie, p. 39, n. 287, PL
VIII, 4.
1704. Cat. Montagu, I, n. 698, PL IX, du meme
coin que :
1704. Cat. Bunb., n. 478, PI. IV.
17°. Brit. Mus. Cat., p. 21, n. 14, PL VII, 3.
8. — Cat. Whittall, 1884, n. 1413.
Ces tetradrachmes proviennent de 1'atelier de Cyzique,
comme ceux d' Antiochus II, marques de la meme torche
et du protome de pegase de Lampsaque, au lieu de Faigle
d'Abydos.
M 9. 1716— 1704. Brit. Mus., p. 14, n. 1, PI. V, 1 ;
Babelon, n. 197; Cat. Bunb.,
n. 448. Comp. n. 450, au pro-
tome de pegase, 16'2, Brit. Mus.
III. 1. Tete diademee d' Antiochus II, a droite.
Rev. — Meme revers ; dans le champ, a g., monogr. et
cliouette a dr., un second monogr. sous le bras
dApollon.
MONNAIES GRECQUES, INEDITES ET INCERTAINES. 237
M 9/8. 1673. Ma coll. [PI. XV, No. 4.]
— Cab. de la Haye.
La chouette sous le bras ; sans monogrammes.
M 1704. Bunbury, Num. Chron., 1883, PI. IV, 6 ; Cat.
Bunb., n. 447, PL IV, Brit. Mns.
2. Tete diademee & Antiochus Hierax, a droite.
Rev. — Meme revers ; la chouette a 1'exergue.
M 8*. 1655. Babelon, n. 286, PI. VIII, 3.
A ces tetradrachmes dont ^attribution a Hierax n'est
pas douteuse, se joignent ceux sur lesquels M. Babelon a
reconnu le portrait du jeune roi ; 94 en effet, ses traits
sont ceux d'un garcon de quatorze ans95 ou un peu plus.
IV. 1. Tete diademee, ornee d'ailes aux tempes, d'Hierax,
jeune, a droite ; grenetis.
Rev. — Meme revers ; dans le champ, a g., abeille.
M 8£. 1685. Babelon, n. 284, PL VIII, 1.
2. Autre, sans ailes ; la tete du meme coin que II, 2, Cat.
Montagu, n. 698 ; Cat. Bunb., n. 478.
JRS. — Cab. de la Haye.
3. Autre, sans ailes ; V abeille a 1'exergue.
9. 17°. Babelon, n. 285, PL VIII, 2.
apres 1'ideutite du coin de tete, ces tetradrachmes
proviennent de Tatelier de Cyzique, comme ceux du n. II ;
1' 'abeille etait le type de Gentinos de Troade aussi bien que
d'Ephese et cette derniere ville n'etait pas au pouvoir
d' Hierax.96
94 Rois de Syrie, p. LXXII, PL VIII, 1—3, 5. Le n. 6 est
d'Antiochus III.
95 Justin, XXVII, 2. Antiochus — quum esset annos XIV
natus, supra aetatem regni avidus, &c.
96 Comme 1'a bien vu M. Head, Num. Chron., 1880, p. 134.
238 NUMISMATIC CHRONICLE.
Le portrait d'Hierax ainsi fixe, conform ement aux
deductions de M. Babelon, on peut lui assignor un groupe
de tetradracbmes, sans sigles ou marques a 1'exergue du
monogramme RP ou d'un trepied, et dont la tete est tout-
a-fait la meme que celle du tetradrachme, IV. 2, a
Vabeille.
A 1'exergue.
V. 1. Rien. M 9/8. — • Cab. de la Haye.
4. 8-85. Coll. Imhoof.
2. HAP. 9. Cab. de la Haye.
— Duane, Coins of the Se-
leuc., PL IV, 60.
HAP mon. 9|/8. - Cab. de la Haye.
Id. mon. 9. 1710. Cat. Ashburnham. n.
289, PI. IV; Cat.
Northwick, n. 1298;
Cat. Thomas, n. 2532.
Crabe. HAP. 8£. Cab. de la Haye.
Mon. Id. 9. — Cab. de la Haye.
3. Trepied. 8. 1649. Brit. Mus. Cat., p. 20,
n. 7. [PL XV, No.
5] ; Cab. de la Haye.
Le monogramme designe FlAPIoi/ ou bien flPIAfloZ,
la voisine de Cyzique et dont le crabe est un des types,97
comme le trepied Test de Cyzique, la chouette de Sigee.
Done tous ces tetradracbmes, sur lesquels le portrait
d'Hierax m'a paru certain, proviennent de 1'atelier
d'Alexandrie de Troade ou de celui de Cyzique. Les
premiers en date le representent fort jeune, a quatorze
ans ; sur les derniers c'est deja un jeune homme de plus
de vingt ans. Ces dernieres pieces sont suivies par un
groupe, aux memes types, dont les tetes se ressemblent
tellement qu'elles doivent etre Pceuvre d'un meme
97 Imhoof, 3/OM97.. yrecq., p. 258, n. 146.
MONNAIES GRECQUES, INEDITES ET INCERTAINES. 239
graveur, que leur execution tout-a-fait superieure de-
montre avoir ete un artiste de premier ordre.
Le portrait d'Hierax est pareil a celui des tetra-
drachmes, V. 3, au trepied, mais le roi est un peu plus age,
comme il doit avoir ete apres son mariage avec la nlle du
roi de Bithynie, Ziaelas, mort en 228,98 ou, avant 230,
quand il conclut le traite avec ses mercenaires Galates,
dont il conjura a force d'or la re volte ; " il avait alors 28
ans. Une emission abondante de tetradrachmes, vers
cette epoque, n'a rien qui puisse surprendre ; en voici
Tenumeration.
VI. Tete diademee d' Antiochus Hierax, a droite ; grenetis.
Tres beau style.
^.-BAXIAEHZ ANTIOXOY, meme type d'Apol-
Ion sur 1'omphalos.
M 8. 1710. Brit. Mus., p. 20, n. 4, PI. Vll, 2 ; Cab. de
la Haye.
9. 17°. Brit. Mus. . n . 6 ; lettres indistlnctes a 1'exergue.
[PL XV, No. 6.]
Monogrammes a gauche et a droite, et parfois a 1'exergue.
M 9—7. 1710— 1635. Brit. Mus., n. 8—11, 13 ; Head,
Guide, p. 73, PI. 38, 16; Cab.
de Gotha ; ma coll. ; Babelon, p.
48, n. 356—361, PL IX, 7
(Antiochus III) ; Cat. Bunb., n.
480.
Aucun de ces monogrammes, dont Al est le plus fre-
_ — __ . 1 — —
98 D'apres M. Reinach, Rev. num., 1887, p. 232 ; vers 235
ipres M. Brandis, Pauly-Wissowa, Real-encycl. , III, p. 517,
ite qui me semble moms probable.
99 Justin, XXVII. Antiochus velut a praedonibus auro se
redemit societatemque cum mercenariis suis junxit. Wilcken,
Pauly-Wissowa, Real-encycl., I, p. 2458. II y a bien peu de
dates certaines pour les evenements du regne d'Hierax, a ce
qu'il parait. Holm, Griech. gesdi., IV, p. 273, 274.
240 NUMISMATIC CHRONICLE.
quent, ne parait indiquer Tatelier d'emission, mais le
style superieur et la forme des lettres me rappellent les
tetradrachmes d'Antiochus II, au type d'Heracles assis
et me font proposer Sardes, place forte ou Alexandre,
Poncle de Hierax, commaiidait vers 240, et qui sera restee
fidele au roi.
Le tetradrachme sur lequel Sir Edward Bunbury a
reconnu le portrait d'Hierax,100 appartient a une toute
autre serie; elle commence sous Antiochus I, pour ne
cesser que sous Seleucus III et se distingue de toutes les
autres en ce qu' Apollon ne tient pas une fleche, mais
Yarc de la main droite.
II est d'abord nu, puis un manteau lui couvre le bas du
corps, costume insolite quand Apollon n'est pas repre-
sente en citharede. Sous Seleucus III le trepied est
ajoute en souvenir du type adopte par son pere.
Cette serie a etc emise dans 1'orient de Pempire Se"leu-
cide, ou les dariques avaient introduit le type du roi qui
tient Tare a la main et ou les Arsacides Font continue en
le modifiant ; ce n'est plus Apollon, mais Arsace, le fon-
dateur de la monarchic parthe, qui s'est assis sur Tom-
phalos, le centre du monde, Tare a la main.101 En outre
les comes de taureau, dont Seleucus I, divinise, est orne et
M elephant sur le tetradrachme de Seleucus III nous con-
duisent en Babylonie.
VII. 1. Tete diademee d' Antiochus /, a gauche, grenetis.
Rev. — BAZI ANTI. Apolhn, assis, a droite, sur 1'om-
phalos, tenant devant lui son arc des deux mains.
Dans le champ monogrammes.
100 Num. Chron., 1883, p. 84, 85.
101 Gardner, Cat. K. of Syria, p. XV ; Babelon, Rois de Syrie,
p. LXIIL
MONNAIES GRECQUES, INEDITES ET INCE11TAINES. 241
M 2. I9, 1«. Babelon, Rois de Si/rie, p. 20, n. 147, 148 ;
Brit. Mus., p. 10, n. 25, PI. IV, 3.
2. Tete diademee, ornee de comes de taureau, de Seleucus 7,
divinise, a droite.
ANTIOXOY, Apollon nu, assis,
a gauche, sur 1'omphalos, sur lequel il s'appuye
de la main gauche et tenant Varc de la droite;
dans le champ et a 1'exergue lettres ou mono-
grammes.
M 9—7. 1710— 1656. Imhoof, Monn. precq., p. 423, n.
13—15, PL H, 10; Portraetk.,
T. Ill, 8; — Prokesch. Arcliaol
Zeit., 1867, p. 17, PI. COXVIII,
3; Babelon, p. XVI, vign. -—Cat.
Whittall, 1867, n. 826; 1884,
n. 1400 ; Cat. Ivanof, n. 627 ;
Bunbury, Num. Chron., 1883,
p. 67—72, PI. IV, 1; Cat.
Bunb., n. 443, PI. III.
3. Tete diademee diAntiochus II, a droite ; grenetis.
Rev. — Meme revers ; noms de magistrats, AZK, OE-
(fj.lo-(av ?),102 a 1'exergue.
^R9— 8. 1720— 1638. Imhoof, I. c., p. 425, n. 24, 25;
Choix, PL VI, 202; Babelon,
p. 28, n. 204, PL VI, 6 ; Brit.
Mus., p. 14, n. 2, PL V, 3.
4. Lettres ou monogrammes dans le champ ou a 1'exergue.
jR 4£} 4. 415— 364. Imhoof, n. 26, 27 ; Babelon, n. 205,
206, PL VI, 7, 8 ; Brit. Mus., n.
3, 4, PL V, 4.
5. a. Tete diademee d' ' Antiockus Hierax, pareille a celle des
n. VI, a droite ; grenetis.
Rev.— BAZIAEHX ANTIOXOY, Apollon, assis, a
gauche, le bas du corps convert d'un manteau,
s'appuyant de la main gauche sur 1'omphalos, et
tenant Yarc de la droite.
102 Un des favoris les plus puissants d'Antiochus II, se nom-
lait Themison, Droysen, Gesch. d. Hellcn., Ill, 1, p. 310.
VOL. XVIII. THIRD SERIES.
I I
242 NUMISMATIC CHRONICLE.
M 7. 1685. Bunbury, Num. Chron., 1883, p. 84, PI. VI,
9 ; Cat. Bunb., n. 463.
b. Meme tete, mais d'un autre graveur ; sans grenetis.
Rev. — Meme revers ; monogrammes a 1'exergue, ou a
gauche dans le champ.
M 8. 1713— 1670. Brit. Mas., p. 20, n. 1—3, PI. VII,
1 ; Imhoof, Portraetk., T. Ill, 14.
M 8/6. 17°. Coll. Imhoof. [PI. XV, No. 7.]
6. (Seleucus II.) Tete imberbe d'Heraclks, a droite, coiffe
de la peau de lion.
Rev.— BAZIAEHZ ZEAEYKOY, meme revers, mais
Apollon tient une fieche. Dans le champ mono-
grammes.
M 3£. — Brit. Mus., p. 5, n. 46, PI. II, 5 (Seleucus I) ;
cp. Babelon, p. LXVII.
7. Tete dfademee de Seleucus III, avec des favoris, u droite ;
grenetis.
Rev.— BAZIAEHZ ZEAEYKOY, type du n. 5, mais
Apollon, drape, s'accoude du bras gauche sur
son trepi-cd; dans le champ monogrammes; a
1'exergue un elephant marchant a g.
M 9. 1705. Brit. Mus., p. 22, n. 5, PI. VII, 7.
Autre, dans le champ, a g., protome de cheval gallopant
ag.
M 8. 1715. Babelon, p. 40, n. 295, PL VIII, 10.
A cette serie se relient les monnaies suivantes d'Hierax.
8. Tete lauree A1 Apollon, les cheveux longs, a droite ;
grenetis.
Rev.— BAZIAEI1Z ANTIOXOY, Apollon, assis, a
gauche, sur 1'omphalos, le has du corps drupe,
accoude du bras gauche sur sa lyre et tenant une
fleche de la main droite ; dans le champ, a g.
EY, a dr., monogramme.
^E 3.J. — Brit. Mus., p. 13, n. 59, 60, PI. IV, 16 ; cp.
n. 01 (Antiochus I).
MONNAIES GRECQUES, IJSEDITES ET INCERTAINES. 243
Autre, sans draperie.
M Si, 3. 465— 355. Babelon, p. 22, n. 157—1.63, PI. V,
4 ; Duane, Coins of the Selene.,
PI. VI, n. 8—11.
9. Rev. — Meme legende, lyre.
M 2, li. 205, I30, O75. Babelon, n. 164—166, PL V, 56
(Antiochus I).
10. Tete diademee A' Antiochus Hierax, pareille a celle de
5b, a droite.
Rev.— BAZIAEHZ ANT1OXOY, Apollon, assis, a
gauche, sur 1'omphalos, s'appuyant de la main
gauche sur son arc et tenant une fleche de la
droite ; dans le champ, a g., etoile, Al, lyre.
N 4i— Si. 862— 829. Babelon, p. 48, a. 355, PI. IX, 6 ;
Gardner, Num. Chron^ 1881, p.
11, PI. II, 8 ; Brit. Mus., p. 110,
n. 1, PI. XXVIII, lb; Mus. de
Berlin, K. Muenzk., 1877, n. 415 ;
Cat. Montagu, I, n. 701, PL IX;
II, n. 836, PL HI ; Cat. C«. de
D., 1889, n. 98, PL IH.
Ces stateres d'or ont ete recueillis dans F extreme orient
de 1'empire Seleucide avec les stateres d' Antiochus I et II,
decrits plus haut, p. 230, 231 et presentent un portrait
tres decide d' Antiochus Hierax ; aussi ont-ils ete classes
a ce roi dans le Catalogue du British Museum, en 1878.
Mais en 1881 leur provenance a fait douter M. Gardner
de cette attribution, parceque Hierax n'aurait ete re-
connu roi qu'en Asie-mineure et sa proposition de les
classer & Antiochus III jeune, a ete adoptee par M.
Babelon ; 103 a tort, a mon avis.
Quand Hierax fut oblige, 228, de quitter 1'Asie-
dneure, battu a plusieurs reprises par le roi de Per-
liois de Syrie, p. LXXII, LXXX.
244 NUMISMATIC CHRONICLE.
game, Attale I, il vint a la tete d'une armee en Mesopo-
taraie et s'y maintint quelque temps, non sans succes. Ce
ne fut qu'apres plusieurs combats que les geueraux de son
frere Seleucus parvinrent a Ten expulser et a Tobliger de
se refugier en Cappadoce, 227.
Les details de cette expedition font defaut, un strata-
geme raconte par Polyen,104 et deux mots de Pompee
Troge 105 sont tout ce qui nous en renseigne. Mais les
monnaies me semblent suppleer au silence des historiens.
Hierax se sera avance jusqu'en Babylonie et y aura fait
battre monnaie a sa tete et a son nom, tant pour faire acte
de royaute, comme plus tard Molon et Timarque dont le
regne ne fut pas plus long,106 que pour pourvoir a la solde
de ses troupes.
La grande rarete de monuaies a la tete d'Hierax, de
fabrique orientale, confirme 1'attribution proposee ; les
tetradrachmes 5b et les stateres 10 nous montrent le roi tel
qu'il etait, en 227, de 30 a 31 ans, la derniere annee de
sa vie.
Grace aux empreintes dont M. Head et M. Pick ont
bien voulu me favoriser j'ai pu comparer un tres grand
nombre de monnaies d'Hierax avec celles de son frere
Seleucus et d'Antiochus III et j'ai acquis la conviction
que les pieces que j'ai classees a Hierax sont contem-
Polyen, IV, 17. 'Avn'o^os SeXev/cov TOV dS6X0ov
€is TYJV Mc'crqv Taiv TroTdfjuav. — arpar^yot 2eA€UKOi> A^atos
Kat 'Avfipd/xa^os /x.€Ta TroAAiys Swdpews cSiwKov, TroAA^ JJLZV avT&v
eyev€TO r) Trapara^t?. — 'Ai/rto^os 3« cr^^a TO fiavlXtLOV avaXafiuv
iTT^avf] oci'£as avrov Kat L^vra. /cat vi/coWa.
105 Pompei Trogi, Prolog. XXVII. Ut a Callinico fusus in
Mesopotamia Antiochus.
106 Von Gutschmid, Gesch. Trans, p. 34, 35, 42, que j'aurais
du citer Num. Chron., 1897, p. 217—219.
MONNATES GRECQUES, INEDITES ET INCERTAINES. 245
poraines de celles de Seleucus II [PI. XV, n. 8],107 et
anterieures en date a Antiochus III et que les traits
d'Antiochus III, depuis sa jeunesse jusqu'a la fin de son
long regne, se laissent parfaitement distinguer de ceux
d'Hierax. II n'est pas necessaire de les confondre.
J. P. Six.
AMSTERDAM, Mai, 1898.
107 L'omphalos large et ovoide jusque la, prend la forme d'un
cone sous Antiochus III. Surtout faut-il comparer le traite-
ment des cheveux au sommet de la tete qui est le menie sous
Hierax et Seleucus II, sur un grand nombre de pieces.
NOTE ADDITIONNELLE. — Ajouter p. 206, avant 13.
12bi8. Mufle de lion de face.
Rev. — Trisceles, a g. ; dans le champ petit trisceles; carre
creux. Autour :
a, I— W-M (Zem).
M 7. 957. Cab. de France ; Babelon, p. 78, n. 526, pi.
XV, 1.
b. (I)— yy— T (Zet=Ze(m)t(iya),
M 5i. 965. Cat. Wadd., n. 2976, comp. n. 2977.
L'omission de la nasale m ou n apres la voyelle d ou e est
frequente — Bugge, p. 22.
IX.
POSIDIUM IN SYETA.
THE little coin described (above, p. 124) by M. Alischan is
so interesting that I may be excused for returning to the
subject. First, let me say that the reasons which he adduces
for attributing the piece to the Syrian town of Posidium,
now represented \>y el-Bouseit,m&y be strengthened by some
further evidence. The Attic standard excludes Cilicia ;
but it was employed by the generals of Alexander for the
coins which they issued in further Asia and in Syria.
Now it is precisely to these coins that the new piece is
most closely attached in point of view of fabric. (It is
•3 cm. thick, with a greatest diameter of 1-4 cm.). The
thunderbolt which figures so prominently on the coins of
Seleucia was, as is well known, the thunderbolt of Zeus
Kasios, the god of the mountain at the foot of which lay
the little town of Posidium. There seems some possibility,
therefore, that the thunderbolt on the new coin may have
a similar significance, serving as a distinguishing mark
for this particular Posidium.
The fact that the representation of Baal is peculiarly
POSIDIUM IN SYRIA.
247
/ilician1 is not without its importance, as the coin is
thereby fixed to some spot close to the Cilician border.
Curiously enough, this Cilician type is not employed by
any of the generals of Alexander, who seemingly preferred
to place on their coins the more ordinary representation of
Zeus which already occurred, side by side with the Cilician
type, on the coinage of Mazaios.
M. Babelon has suggested (p. li.) that the bee, the
>entalpha, the scorpion, and the thunderbolt, which occur
as symbols on the coins issued in Asia by the generals of
Alexander, are rather mint marks than personal symbols.
The scorpion, for instance, may represent Samosata. If
this conjecture were well founded, it would not be fanciful,
in the light of M. Alischan's coin, to suppose that the
thunderbolt (Babelon, No. 294) represented Posidium.
Imhoof-Blumer, however,2 rejects Babelon's connection
of the scorpion with Samosata, for sound reasons which
need not be repeated here. At the same time, since the
locality of the new coin is fixed to the Cilician border, a
fresh question is raised : whether, namely, some of the
other coins of this fabric attributed to the mint of Babylon
may not rather have been struck in Syria ?
Posidium is first mentioned by Herodotus (III. 91), who
states that it was founded by Amphilochus, son of
Amphiaraus, on the borders of Cilicia and Syria, and was
1 He holds the bunch of grapes, as on the Cilician coins of
Datames (Babelon, Perses Achem. Nos. 187 f.) and Mazaios
(Nos. 201 f.), and he looks to the front, as on other coins of
the same satraps (Nos. 193 f., 214 f.). The coins of Ariarathes
for Gaziura with a similar type (Babelon, p. Ixxxiii., Nos.
388 f.) were struck at Tarsus, as M. Six has suggested, or at
least, if struck at Gaziura, were closely modelled on Tarsian
coins.
2 Num. Zeit., xxvii., p. 8.
248 NUMISMATIC CHRONICLE.
the northern limit of the fifth Persian tribute-district. In
313 B.C., the town was taken by storm and sacked by
Ptolemy.3 Our coin, therefore, probably dates from before,
but not long before, this year. Posidium is mentioned
again in connection with the flight of Alexander Zabinas
(B.C. 123-2), but at that time it had probably lost its im-
portance.4
The letters PO^I do not form the whole of the inscrip-
tion, but the second half is almost illegible. Still the A is
perceptible. The form of the ethnic given by Stephanus
of Byzantium5 would lead us to complete the inscription
PO^I AEI EflN. The spelling of the second syllable with
the diphthong in the text of Stephanus is due to
Holstenius ; but the older reading was Tloafeeiov, which is
confirmed by the new coins, by the text of Herodotus as
given by Stein, and by similar forms elsewhere.6
The type of the reverse is another example of what
tradition has agreed to call the head of Odysseus. This
tradition has been justly impugned,7 but still seems to
hold the field. It is worth while, therefore, to state defi-
nitely the reasons which make the identification with
Odysseus improbable. The types bearing on the matter
are the following : —
(1) Cyzicus, EL. Bearded head 1., wearing wreathed pili-
dion. Greenwell, Cyzicus, PI. VI., 21 ; Wroth, Num.
Chron., 1898, PI. IX., 12.
3 Diod. Sic. XIX., 79.6 : avros 8e /txera Swa/Aetos e/cTrAeixras eirl
T/S aya> Ka\ovfJitvTf]<;, TLocriBeiov /cat riora^tovc Kapcoi/ CKTTO-
4 Diod. Sic. xxxiv., 28.
5 S. v. IloffCiSeiov, Tr6\.Lc fiera^v KiAiK/as KOL ^vptas.
.
E.g., Posidium among the Euboean cities in C. I. A., I. 37
(425 B.C.).
7 Cp., for instance, Gardner, Types of Greek Coins, p. 174.
POSIDIUM IN SYRIA. 249
(2) Lampsacns, N. Similar. Wroth, B. M. Catal., Mysia,
PL XIX., 3 ; Gardner, Types, PI. X., 88 ; Head, Coins
of the Ancients, PI. 18, 17.
(3) Posidium, JR. Bearded head r., wearing pilidion deco-
rated with double line. S. M. Alischan, above, p. 246.
(4) Birytis, M. Bearded head r. or 1., wearing plain pilidion.
Wroth, B. M. Catal., Troas, PL VIII., 4, 5.
(6) Homolium, JE. Bearded head, r. or 1., pilidion plain.
Catal. Allier, PL V., 13 ; Monatsb. d. k. preuss. Akad.,
1878, PI. L, 14 ; Mus, Pembroke, PI. XXIII., 9.
(6) Cyzicus, EL. Beardless head 1., wearing wreathed
pilidion. Greenwell, Num. Chron., 1897, PI. XI., 5.
(7) Lycia, JR. Beardless head r., wearing wreathed pilidion.
Hill, B. M. Catal., Lycia, PL VII., 3.
(8) Phanagoria, JR. Beardless head r., wearing plain pilidion.
Wroth, B. M. Catal., Pontus, &c., PL I., 4.
(9) Birytis, M. Beardless head L, wearing plain pilidion
between two stars. Gardner, Types, PL XIII., 13; Wroth
B. M. Catal, Troas, PL VIII., 1-3.
Some of these heads have been identified with local
heroes. The extraordinary resemblance in the treatment
of these heads at different places (compare particularly No.
7 with No. 8, or No. 5 with Nos. 1 and 2) seems to me to
preclude any such narrow interpretation. A Greek hero
of the importance of Odysseus might, however, so far as
the first five types are concerned, be meant. But here we
meet with a crucial difficulty. The occurrence on contem-
porary coins of the same city (Birytis in the Troad) of the
bearded and beardless heads proves that the two types
represent different phases of the same person, whether
human or divine. The youthful beardless head cannot be
that of Odysseus ; neither, therefore, can the bearded one.
A similar conclusion must be drawn from a comparison of
Nos. 1 and 6. Whether the heads represent the Cabiri or
VOL. XVIII. THIRD SERIES. K K
260 NUMISMATIC CHRONICLE.
not, it would be rash to say positively.8 It is most tempt-
ing, however, to see in the pair of heads at Birytis the
father and son, Cabiros and Cadmilos-Pais. But, if this
be so, why is one accompanied by stars, and the other not ?
Possibly the differentiation is due to analogy with the
Dioscuri. The bearded head represents faithfully the older
tradition, in which the Cabiri were thought of as father and
son ; but the youthful type naturally lent itself to a con-
nection, or confusion, with the type of the Dioscuri, in ac-
cordance with which assimilation the Cabiri were regarded
as brothers.9 In any case, the two stars, one on each side
of the head, on the coin of Birytis, must be regarded as
expressing compendiously the dual character of the god.
G. F. HILL.
8 For the Cabiri in the Troad, see Bloch, in Roscher's Lex.,
Megaloi Theoi, pp. 2528, 2584. Wroth, Troas, p. xlv., suggests :
" perhaps the heads are of two Kabiri," and in his recent
article (Num. Chron., 1898, p. 108) definitely speaks of the
old and young Cabiri.
9 The representation of the Dioscuri as bearded, is not pro-
perly authenticated, but if any such representation existed, it
would suggest that the Dioscuri were in their turn assimilated
to the Cabiri.
X.
A SMALL FIND OF COINS OF MENDE, &e.
(See Plate XVI.)
AT the end of March, 1897, I acquired, at a shop in the
Rue Pera at Constantinople, a small lot of coins, which
had been bought, on the preceding day, from a workman
who had returned from Macedon shortly before. He
and another workman, I was told, had found a small
hoard, which they divided, near Nea Cassandra. The
companion who had the other portion would not sell
them, and as the people of the shop did not know his
whereabouts, I could not buy them of him. It may,
towever, be presumed, I think, that his share contained
similar coins to those I am going to describe.
1. Mende. M. 2. Wt. 42 grs. [PI. XVI. 1.]
Obv. — Ml N. Ithyphallic ass standing r. ; vinebranch
above.
fin. — Incuse square, consisting of four raised, fonr de-
pressed, triangular spaces of unequal size.
Dr. Imhoof-Blumer possesses a tetradrachm of similar
types.
2. Mende. JR. 1. Wt. 6-6 grs. [PI. XVI. 2.]
Obv. — Head and neck of braying ass 1. ; a pellet at the
lower end of the neck. Border of dots.
252 NUMISMATIC CHRONICLE.
The reverse would probably have been similar to that
of No. 1, but only one of the deep portions of the incuse
is visible.
3. Mende. M. 1. Wt. 6-0 grs. [PI. XVI. 8.]
Obv. — Head and neck of braying ass 1. ; large pellet on
lower part of neck.
Eev. — Incuse square divided diagonally by two broad
bands of unequal thickness.
4. Mende. JR. f . Wt. 3-0 grs. [PI. XVI. 4.]
Obv. — Head and neck of braying ass r. , with a pellet on
lower part of neck.
Rev. — Incuse square diagonally divided.
5. Mende. M. £. Wt. 4'5 grs. [PI. XVI. 6.]
(Rather globular fabrique.)
Obv. — Head and neck of braying ass r. ; a pellet on the
lower part of the neck.
Rev. — Incuse square divided by broad bands into four
squares.
6. Mende. M. ± Wt. 6'5 grs. [PI. XVI. 6.]
(Bather globular.)
Obv. — Head and neck of ass 1. The neck and the eyes
are prominent, like large pellets.
Rev. — Incuse square diagonally divided.
7. Mende. M. 2. Wt. 37'4 grs. [PI. XVI. 7.]
Obv. — Ithyphallic ass standing r. ; vine tendril above.
Border of dots.
Rev. — Deep incuse square diagonally divided.
8. Mende. M. 2£. Wt. 39'0 grs. [PI. XVI. 8.]
Obv. — ME/V. Ass standing r. Border of dots.
Rev. — Incuse square diagonally divided.
I A SMALL FIND OF COINS OF MENDE. 253
9. Mende. M. 1. Wt. 3«2 grs. [PI. XVI. 9.]
Obv. — Ass standing r.
Rev. — Crow standing 1. in flat incuse square.
A coin with similar types, with crow r., has been
published by Mr. Wroth in his description of acquisitions
of the British Museum in 1892, Num. Chron. 1893, 2 [1. 2],
but the weight of the Museum coin is 1O4 (obol), while
the coin here described is only 3 '2, which may be regarded
a tetartemorion or trihemitetartemorion.
10. Mende. M. 2*. Wt. 81-2 grs. [PI. XVI. 10.]
Obv. — Silenos naked r., standing behind an ass r., with
his hand at the ears, as if pulling him back.
Border of do|s.
£o>.— ME/VAAICW. Crow standing r. ; traces of flat
incuse square.
This coin resembles that of Cat. Brit. Mus., p. 82, No. 5,
but the latter is heavier (37*2), although a piece of the
margin is broken off. A coin with similar types has also
m published by Imhoof-Blumer in Mon. Cfr., p. 83, No.
11. Mende. JR. 1. Wt. 11 '2 grs. [PI. XVI. 11.]
Obv. — Ass standing r. Border of dots.
Rev. — Lion's or panther's scalp in incuse square.
The types are the same as on the coin of the British
Museum, published by Mr. Wroth in Num. Chron., 1892,
p. 6, 13 [I. 13], but the weight of the Museum coin is
only 6 -8. If the latter is to be regarded as a half-
obol, it is very heavy, and would give an qbolos of 13'6.
254 NUMISMATIC CHRONICLE.
12. Mende. M. 1. Wt. 6-0 grs. [PI. XVI. 12.]
Obv. — Head and neck of ass 1., with pellet-like knobs.
Rev. — Forepart of ass 1. ; the hair on the shoulder ap-
pears to be represented by globules; all in
roundish incuse.
This coin seems to have been carelessly designed. On
the obverse the neck is excessively narrow ; on the reverse
the neck is so short and thick, and the head and shoulders
are so large, that one would be inclined to regard the
type as the forepart of a bull, were it not for the long
ears and the absence of the horns.
13. Mende. M. If. Wt. 23-0 grs. [PI. XVI. 18.]
Obv. — Head of beardless Dionysos 1., wreathed with ivy ;
hair hanging over temples and forehead ; large
nose ; sulky expression of face.
Eev. — MIN. Amphora; symbol in 1. field indistinct,
probably branch of vine or ivy.
The head on the obverse is very different from the
beautiful, rather female-looking, head on the silver coin
published by Imhoof-Blumer in Hon. Gr., p. 83, No. 88
(C. 21). The coin differs also from the copper coins in
the Berlin Museum (Beschreib. d. antiken Miinzen, vol. ii.,
p. 100, 6 and 7), and those published by Imhoof-Blumer
in Hon. Or., p. 83, Nos. 89, 90, and 91.
14. Potidea. M. £. Wt. 5-5 grs. [PI. XVI. 14.]
Obv. — Free horse standing r.
Eev. — Archaic female head 1., wearing necklace and spiked
headdress covered with dots; ears not visible;
the whole in incuse square.
A SMALL FIND OF COINS OF MENDE. 255
15. Potidea. JR. |. Wt. 7'5 grs. [PI. XVI. 15.]
Obv. — Free horse standing r.
Rev. — Similar head as 14, but r.
No. 14 seems to be a hemiobol, and 15 a trihemi-
obol.
16. Scione. Si. £. Wt. 6'1 grs. [PI. XVI. 16.]
(Oxydised.)
Obv. — Beardless head, bound with taenia r. (Hermes).
Rev. — Crestless Corinthian helmet r., in incuse square.
This coin seems to be the hemiobol of the tetrobola
described in the Catalogue of Brit. Mus., Macedon, p.
102, 1, and of the Berlin Museum, p. 124, 1.
17. Uncertain Macedonian coin, probably of an early king.
M. £. Wt. 5-1 grs. [PI. XVI. 17.]
Obv. — Young male head r., wearing kausia in a round
incuse.
Rev. — Shallow incuse square divided into four equal
squares, each of which contains another square
with various ornamentations.
The Catalogue of the British Museum contains, under
lexander I. of Macedon (p. 158, No. 15), a small coin
(8'2 grs.) with similar obverse, but rather different reverse ;
it Imhoof-Blumer describes a coin similar on both sides,
lough rather heavier, in Hon. Gr., p. 110, 188, among
le uncertain Thraco-Macedonian coins.
18. Uncertain, probably Macedonian, coin.
M. f. Wt. 5-6 grs. [PI. XVI. 18.]
Obv. — Forepart of bull, or cow, 1.
Rev. — Quadripartite incuse square.
256 NUMISMATIC CHRONICLE.
It is not absolutely certain whether this coin belongs to
the find, or whether it was accidentally introduced.
Some of the coins seem to be new varieties, as Nos.
1, 4, 8, 12 ; and the copper, No. 13, differs likewise
from those I have seen. Nos. 1 to 12 can scarcely be
later than the middle of the fifth century B.C., and the
same is the case with Nos. 14 to 17. As the copper
coin No. 13 has been found together with these coins, I
am inclined to think that it dates likewise from the
middle of the fifth century or very little later. It has
been suggested to me that the legend MIN points to an
early date, and thus would strengthen this view ; but
Mr. B. V. Head thinks that MIN and MEN were used
at the same period, and some of the coins in my collection
are in favour of his view. I will here mention four of
them.
19. Mende. JR. 7£. Wt. 264 grs.
Obv. — Ithyphallic ass standing r. Border of dots. Le-
gend rather indistinct. MINAAI (retrograde).
Rev. — Eight triangular spaces, four depressed, alternating
with four raised ones.
20. Mende. JR. 8. Wt. 260 grs.
Obv. — Ml N. Ithyphallic ass braying standing r. ;
on back, crow, ab ano pascens ; above, branch of
vine with a bunch of grapes.
Rev. — Incuse square divided diagonally, by broad bands,
into four triangular spaces.
21. Mende. JR. 7*. Wt. 259-8 grs.
Obv. — Silenos, wearing long hair and beard, seated 1.
sideways on back of ass, standing r. ; upper
part of body 'undraped, excepting left forearm.
He holds cantharus in extended right arm. In
A SMALL FIND OF COINS OF MENDE. 257
front of ass a vine, on which a crow is seated
to r. Border of dots.
Rev. — MENAAION around a linear square, which con-
tains a vine with five bunches of grapes. The
whole in a shallow incuse square.
This coin is, as far as I know, a new variety of those in
the British Museum (Cat. B. M., p. 81, 4), and in the
Berlin Museum. (Beschreib. d. antiken Munzen, vol. ii.,
p. 100, 3).
22. Mende. JR. 2. Wt. 19'1 grs.
Olv. — Ass standing r. Border of dots.
Rev. — M I N . Amphora, ivy branch in 1. field.
The style of the types on this coin appears to me not
later than that on No. 10, which has the letter E. This
coin (No. 21) has been published in the Num. Chron.,
1896, p. 15, 27 ; it is here redescribed for the sake of
comparison only.
A peculiarity observable on the small coins of Mende,
with the head and neck of an ass on the obverse, is, that on
the very archaic specimens there is always a pellet on the
lower part of the neck, which reminds one of the pellets
on the archaic coins of Lete, and of some as yet unattri-
buted coins of Thraco- Macedonian origin (Imhoof-Blumer,
Man. Gr., pp. 90 et seq.) ; for instance, those with the
>w and calf and those with the Pegasus. On the some-
rhat later coins of Mende the pellet seems to be absent ;
>r instance, in
23. Mende. M. \. Wt. 2-6 grs.
Obv. — Head and neck of ass r.
P,ev. — Cantharus in incuse square.
VOL. XVIII. THIRD SERIES. L L
258 NUMISMATIC CHRONICLE.
This coin is a variety of the one published by Mr. Wroth
in Num. Chron., 1893, p. 2, No. 4. The British Museum
coin has the head to the left, and weighs only 2'1 grs.
It may have lost 0*5 gr. by wear ; but the mint of Mende
seems to have been not very careful with regard to the
weight of its small divisions. If we take the tetradrachm
at about 264 grs., and the drachm at about 65, the
obol would be about 1O5 to 11, the hemiobol 5'3
to 5'5, the tetartemorion about 2'7 grs. If we take the
coin published here as No. 1 with 42 grs. as a tetro-
bolon, we must probably regard No. 8 with 39 grs. and
No. 7 with 37'4, as belonging to the same denomination.
As the loss by wear seems not to have been great, we
must regard that the original coins were not of equal
weight. No. 7 would be too heavy for a hemidrachm.
No. 5, with only 4'5 grs., is probably intended for a
hemiobol, and No. 6, with 6*5, is probably the same;
but the difference is very great. An allusion to this
apparent want of exactness has been already made in the
remarks on No. 11.
HERMANN WEBER.
XI.
COINS OF THE BAHMANI DYNASTY.
(See Plates XVII and XVIII.)
THE NUMISMATIC CHRONICLE for 1881 contained an article
by Mr. J. Gibbs on the Gold and Silver Coins of this
Dynasty. This was followed by a paper by myself in
vol. xvi of the Bombay Asiatic Society's Journal, 1883,
on the Copper Coins, and by the Catalogue of the British
Museum Collection, Muhammadan States of India, etc.,
1885. Thomas also described some in his " Pathan
Kings of Dehli." But so many other coins have since
been found, that a fuller account of the series may now
be made, and this I am more prepared to do by having
studied the collection made by Col. Acton Havelock, who
was for some years stationed at and near Gulburgah and
took much interest in the coinage of the Dekkan, and by
r. "W. Theobald allowing me to examine his cabinet.
r. Gibbs' article contains a good sketch of the history of
the Bahmani Dynasty, taken from Briggs' translation of
Farishtah's history, with a list of the kings from Thomas ;
Kis not necessary to repeat, but there is reason for
inking that one or two alterations should be made in
e list of the kings.
It was always a difficulty that the coins of the fifth
ng, who is called Mahmud by Farishtah, have on them
the king's name as Muhammad. I therefore asked Major
J. S. King, a Persian scholar who has studied a good
5
260 NUMISMATIC CHRONICLE.
deal the histories of the Dekkan dynasties, whether he
had found any note that Mahmud took the name of
Muhammad after succeeding to the throne, and in reply
he was good enough to give me the following informa-
tion : " What you say about the coins of the 5th
Bahmani king being all marked Muhammad instead of
Mahmud is very interesting to me, for it proves con-
clusively what has long been my opinion, that Farishtah
has made a serious blunder in the genealogy, and as
nearly all the historians since his time have simply copied
him, the blunder has been perpetuated. But according
to the Burhan-i Maasir by Ali B. Aziz Ullah Tabataba,
the Tazkarat ul Muluk by Ran ud Dm Shirazi, and
the Bahmani Chapter of MS. No. 1,964 of the British
Museum (said to be taken from the Siraj ul Kulub of
Muhammad B. Hasan B. Lutf Ullah Lari), all written in
the Dekkan and independently of Farishtah, the 5th
Bahmani king was Sultan Muhammad Shah, son of
Mahmud Khan, son of Sultan Ala ud Din Hasan Shah
Bahmani. In giving an account of the assassination of
Daud Shah, Tabataba says : " Muhammad Khan, son of
Mahmud Khan, and younger brother of the Sultan, was
present in the crowd, and he felled the murderer to the
ground with one blow of his sword and despatched him
from the world. He then returned to the palace and
seated himself on the throne in his brother's place. This
happened in the month of Muharram, A.H. 780." The
extract from the Siraj ul Kulub has, " Sultan Muhammad
Shah, son of Mahmud Khan, son of Hasan Shah. In the
month of Muharram, A.H. 781, the royal crown was
placed on his head," and adds " His sons were Mahmud
Khan, Daud Khan, Bahram Khan, Zafar Khan, and
Ghlas Khan."
(JOINS OF THE BAHMANI DYNASTY. 261
According to these historians, therefore, the genealogy
>f the first nine kings should be as follows :
(1) Hasan Gangu
(2) Muhammad Mahmud Khan Ahmad Khan
I I _L
(3) Mujahid I
| (4) Baud (5) Muhammad (8) Firuz (9) Ahmad
Shams ad Dm Daud |
(6) GhiasadDin
istead of as according to Farishtah :
(1) Hasan Gangu
(4) Daud (2) Muhammad (5) Mahmud
(8)
I | (3) Mujahid | |
Firuz Mahmud (9) Ahmad (6) Ghlas ad Din (7) Shams ad Din
With the evidence of the coins before us we may conclude
lat the former is the right one as regards the 5th king.
Another difficulty, however, still remains, viz., regarding
le 12th king called Nizam Shah. Farishtah narrates
LOW Humayun just before his death appointed his son
[izam Shah his successor. Tabataba says : " Historians
ive related that when Sultan Humayun Shah was on
ds deathbed he summoned Khwajah Jahan and Khwajah
[ahmud Gilani, and by the terms of his will left them to
lecide as to which of his sons, viz., Sultan Nizam Shah,
Jultan Muhammad Shah, or Jamshid Shah, was best
itted for the succession. Since the tokens of sovereignty
rere manifest in the appearance of Sultan Nizam Shah,
fter the death of the Sultan, Khwajah Jahan, in con-
currence with the Amirs nobility and grandees, on the
date above mentioned, in the capital of Bedar, seated
Sultan Nizam Shah, at the age of eight years, on the
262 NUMISMATIC CHRONICLE.
throne in the place of his father" (Major King's trans-
lation). Raft ud Dm does not mention the name of the
king, but merely says " He (Humayun) died in the year
A.H. 865, and left the throne to his dear son of praise-
worthy qualities, a minor," and then proceeds with the
reign of Muhammad Shah bin Humayun.
No coins bearing the name of Nizam Shah are known,
but it will be seen that there are four varieties in copper of
the date of the reign of the 12th king (i.e. A.H. 866 and
867) in the name of Ahmad, one of them having the full
name Ahmad Shah bin Humayun Shah al-Bahmani, 867.
The only explanation as yet to be offered is that Nizam
took the name of Ahmad on or after his accession.
In the following list the coins which are described in
the British Museum Catalogue and in Mr. Gibbs' paper
are referred to by number; but as the Bombay Asiatic
Society's Journal is not very widely known, the descriptions
of those of copper given in it are repeated.
The following coins, attributed to Nasir ud Din Ismail,
who was set up as king of the Dekkan in A.H. 748, and
on whose resignation Hasan Gangu became king and
founder of the Bahmani Dynasty, may be given here, as
they are more closely connected with the Bahmani than
any other series : —
No. 1. Obv. UjJl Rev. In circle
PI. XVII, Fig. 1. M. -6. Wt. 58.
No. 2. Obv. U lLLj Rev. Centre in double circle
Parts of marginal inscription.
M. '6. Wt. 53.
COINS OF THE BAHMANI DYNASTY. 263
ALA AD DIN HASAN SHAH GANGU BAHMAN.
(1st king, A.H. 748-759.)
Silver. — Gibbs, No. 1. A.H. 758, but the end of the third line
of Obv. is s\.
No. 2. Obv. ..AiaLuJl Eev.
PI. XVII, Fig. 2. JR. '55. Wt. 26.
Smaller size with similar legend. -45. Wt. 15.
Copper. — No. 1. Obv. Within circle Eev. "Within circle
PI. XVII, Fig. 3. JR. -6. Wt. 67.
No. 2 (Mr. Theobald). Eev.
Obv.
PL XVII, Fig. 4. M. -5. Wt. 27.
MUHAMMAD SHAH BAHMAN GHAZI.
(2nd king, A.H. 759-776.)
Id. — Gibbs, No. 2. A.H. 775. Also another type described
by the same writer in Numismatic Chronicle, 1885,
Ahsanabad, A.H. 768.
Silver. — No. 1. Gibbs, Nos. 3 and 4. Ahsanabad, A.H. 760, 772.
Others of same variety dated A.H. 760, 761, 771, 774,
775, 776.
264 NUMISMATIC CHRONICLE.
No. 2. No date. Obv. aL> Rev.
PL XVII, Fig. 5. M. -55. Wt. 24.
Same pattern. M. '45. Wt. 16.
Same pattern. M. '4. Wt. 16.
Copper. — No. 1. Obv. ^.j^ ^ev- ^n circle
Margin . . ^^v^ • • •
PL XVII, Fig. 6. M. -7. Wt. 77.
No. 2. Obv. ^ Rev.
»b
JE. -6. Wt. 45.
No. 3. Obv. ,.-^ Rev. As No. 2.
-S. -6. Wt. 45.
No. 4. Obv. Jo »J\ Rev. As No. 2.
PL XVII, Fig. 7. ^1. '5. Wt. 52 and 43.
MUJAHID SHAH BIN MUHAMMAD SHAH.
(3rd king, A.H. 776-780.)
Gold.— Ahsanabad (?) A.H. 777.
Obv. jlkLJl Rev. In circle L)cXll ILc
COINS OF THE BAHMANI DYNASTY. 265
Kev. margin («w) jljU^-l ci^a^- ,-J
<U V/fcX«kMJ • . ..*X.*MiJ » «_.*«»: tCkwO
PI. XVII, Fig. 8. N. 1-0. Wt. 192.
Silver.— No. 1. Gibbs, No. 5. Ahsanabad, A.H. 779. Other
date, A.H. 778.
Copper. — Irregular hexagon.
Obv. jl Rev.
PL XVII, Fig. 9. M. -6. Wt. 54.
DAUD SHAH, son of Hasan Gangu according to Farishtah, but
grandson according to Tabataba.
(4th king, A.H. 780, for 35 days.)
Copper. — Obv. *V.y*^ Rev. In circle jJj
*)\ Hemains of marginal inscription.
PL XVII, Fig. 10. M. -65. Wt. 80-83.
[UHAMMAD SHAH BIN MAHMUD BIN ALA AD DIN HASAN
(MAHMUD SHAH BIN ALA AD DIN HASAN).
(5th king, A.H. 780-799.)
.— Gibbs, No. 6. Ahsanabad, A.H. 797. Thomas, No.
303. Other dates, A.H. 793, 794, 795, 796, 798, 799.
Copper. — Obv. Ju,c Rev. In circle
Margin ...
PL XVII, Fig. 11. M. -7. Wt. 74-80.
I attribute this coin to the 5th Bahmani king because the
lettering seems to correspond with that of the period, e.g. of
Baud and Firuz. The title <^*"* 'V1 na(^> I think, not been
VOL. XVIII. THIRD SERIES. M M
266 NUMISMATIC CHRONICLE.
found on a coin ; it appears here as a rhyme to the names on
the Rev., as may be noticed on other coins. It is clear there
is no ^J on the Rev.
GHIAS AD DIN BIN MUHAMMAD (MAHMUD) SHAH.
(6th king, A.H. 799 for six weeks.)
Copper. — British Museum.
Obv. \JjJl CjL* Rev.
M. -6. Wt. 53.
SHAMS AD DIN DAUD BIN MTJJAHID SHAH (BIN MAHMUD).
(7th king, A.H. 799-800.)
Silver. — Gibbs, No. 7. Ahsanabad, A.H. 799.
Copper.— Gbv. ^ILLJl Rev. jj\
\ • Ml
*ttCJi
[
M. -6. Wt. 64.
Pififz SHAH BAHMANI, Roz AFZUN.
(8th king, A.H. 800-825.)
Gold.— Gibbs, No. 8. Ahsanabad, A.H. 800.
Silver.— Gibks, No. 9. B.M.C., No. 449. Ahsanabad,
A.H. 800, 803, 804, 806, 807, 811-820, 822-825.
Copper.— No. 1. B.M.C., No. 453.
No. 2 (Mr. Theobald). Obv. iJl Rev.
-SI. -55. AVt. 40.
The silver also and coin No. 1 in copper of this king are by no
means scarce.
AHMAD SHAH WALI BAHMANI.
(9th king, A.H. 825-838.)
._Gibbs, No- 13- Ahsanabad, A.H. 828. Other dates,
COINS OF THE BAHMANI DYNASTY.
267
Copper. — No. 1. B.M.C., No. 454. Muhammadabad, A.H. 836,
837, 838.
Obv.
Rev.
PL XVII, Fig. 12. M. -7. Wt. 122.
The bottom line of the Obv. is still doubtful, and there is
evidently a line of lettering above the ufjl*4ji *)\, but illegible.
J -* *
Muhammadabad is certainly the word before the date, and we
are left in no doubt as to where that place was by the heading
of the chapter in the Tazkarat ul Muluk, which is " Reign of
Ahmad Wali Shah Bahmani in the city of Muhammadabad,
now known as the city of Bedar " (Major King).
No. 2. B.M.C., No. 455. A.H. 826, 827, 828, 830, 837.
-33. '65. Wt. 78.
ALA AD DIN AHMAD SHAH.
(10th king, A.H. 838-862.)
Gold.— Gibbs, No. 14. No mint. A.H. 860.
Silver.— Gibbs, Nos. 15 and 16. B.M.C., No. 458. Ahsanabad,
A.H. 847, 850, 858, 859, 861.
There is another variety of gold coin in the British Museum
dated A.H. 853, not yet published.
Copper. — ISTo. 1. A.H. 838.
Obv.
Rev.
,w »l&
PI. XVII, Fig. 13.
-95. Wt. 248.
268 NUMISMATIC CHRONICLE.
No. 2. B.M.C., No. 461. A.H. 838, 846, 850, 851,
856, and rpA.
There is a line of a word or two above *^**)\ on the obverse,
which is, I think, J^s^, but is doubtful on all the specimens
I have seen on which any of it appears.
No. 3. B.M.C., No. 467. A.H. 853, 854, 855.
No. 4. B.M.C., No. 462. A.H. 838-841, 843, 844, 846,
847, 851, 854
No. 5. B.M.C., No. 470, amended. A.H. 841, 843, 844,
848, 850.
Obv. <d]b Rev. *l
PL XVII, Fig. 14. &. -65. Wt. 80.
A smaller size. -55. Wt. 52.
Nos. 1, 2, 3, and 4 are common. Nos. 3, 4, and 5 were figured
in Bomb. Asiat. Journal, vol. vi (1861), by Mr. E. W. West as
being coins found in the Kanheri Caves, together with some
clay impressions and moulds, but not read or attributed at that
time.
ALA AD DIN HUMAYUN SHAH ZALIM.
(llth king, A.H. 862-865.)
Gold. — Similar to silver. Wt. 1
Silver.— Gibbs, No. 17. B.M.C., No. 471. Ahsanabad,
A.H. 863, 864.
Copper.— No. 1. B.M.C., No. 472. A.H. 864-866.
JE. '9. Wt. 246.
2nd size: -75, Wt. 160. 3rd size : -7, Wt. 115.
4th size: "6, Wt. 77.
-
COINS OF THE BAHMANI DYNASTY. 269
No. 2. Obv. ^ull Eev. As No. 1.
A -7. wt. 120.
-
No. 3. Obv. b Rev.
PL XVIII, Fig. 1. M. "65. Wt. 80.
NIZAM SHAH BIN HUMAYUN.
(12th king, A.H. 865-867.)
opper.—l$Q. 1. A.H. 866, 867.
Obv. <OJi^2ij Rev.
./->•. '1^.4' i
] 4j ,^,5) j
PI. XYIII, Fig. 2. jE. -8. Wt. 246.
No. 2. A.H. 866, 867.
Obv.
No. 3. A.H. 866.
Obv.
PI. XVIII, Fig. 3. M. -8. Wt. 166.
Rev.
All
PL XVIII, Fig. 4. M. -7. Wt. 122.
270 NUMISMATIC CHRONICLE.
No. 4. Obv. c^V^ Kev>
•)\
PI. XVIII, Fig. 5. M. -65. Wt. 76.
SHAMS AD DIN MUHAMMAD SHAH BIN HUMAYUN SHAH.
(13th king, A.H. 867-887.)
Gold.— Similar to silver. Gibbs, No. 18. A.H. 873, 877.
Silver. — Gibbs, No. 18. Ahsanabad, A.H. 877-880.
Copper.— B.M.C., No. 474. A.H. 868, 871, 872, 874, 875, 876,
877, 878, 879 (9 reversed), 880, 882, 828 for 868,
845 for (?), 968 for 869.
1st size : -9, Wt. 252. 2nd size : '8, Wt. 160. 3rd size :
•7, Wt. 122. 4th size: -65, Wt. 78.
MAHMUD SHAH BIN MUHAMMAD SHAH.
(14th king, A.H. 887-924.)
Gold.—t.x. 898.
Obv. ^ J! Rev.
.A7. -95. Wt. 169.
Silver. — Similar to gold, but Rev. is in square. (British
Museum.)
Copper.— l^o. 1. A.H. 887, 888, 890.
Obv. xJ! Rev. ill
PI. XVIII, Fig. 6. M. '85. Wt. 232.
2nd size: -8, Wt. 188. 3rd size : -7, Wt. 120.
COINS OF THE BAHMANI DYNASTY.
No. 2. Obv. <M , JLC Rev.
271
. -6. Wt. 78.
No. 3. A.H. 887, 894.
Obv.
Eev. all
ill
PI. XYIII, Fig. 7. M. -8. "Wt. 162.
No. 4. Obv. as No. 1. Rev. as No. 3. M. -8. Wt. 158.
No. 5. Obv. as No. 3. Rev. as No. 1. M. '8. Wt. 162.
AHMAD SHAH BIN MAHMUD SHAH.
(15th king, A.H. 924-927.)
No coins.
ALA AD DIN BIN MAHMUD SHAH.
(16th king, A.H. 927-929.)
No coins.
WALI ULLAH SHAH BIN MAHMUD SHAH.
(17th king, A.H. 929-932.)
vtr.—'No. 1. Obv. <dJl Rev. *JJ\ Jj
j^\\ *L.i
*r*
PL XYIII, Fig. 8. J3. -85. Wt. 230.
272 . NUMISMATIC CHRONICLE.
No. 2. Obv. <dJ\ Rev.
^' LC~*^
PL XVIII, Fig. 9. M. -8. Wt. 166.
2nd size : '7, Wt. 120. 3rd size, dated ir« : '65, Wt. 84.
PL XVIII, Fig. 10.
KALIM ULLAH SHAH BIN AHMAD SHAH.
(18th king, A.H. 932.)
No. 1. A.H. 942.
Obv. <dJi Rev.
Ifr
-S. "8. Wt. 166.
2nd size: -7, Wt. 126. 3rd size : -65, Wt. 85.
No. 2. Obv.
Eev.
PL XVIII, Fig. 11. M. '85. Wt. 255.
No. 3. Obv. All! J-c Rev. As No. 1.
, -8. Wt. 182.
J. .
COINS OF THE BAHMANI DYNASTY. 273
No 4. Obv. <dJ! Rev.
At^\
PI. XVIII, Fig. 12. M. -65. Wt. 84.
No. 5. Obv. ^ Rev.
ir*
M, '5. Wt. 45.
Mr. E. E. Oliver, in his "Coins of the Muhammadan
Kings of Gujarat," Bengal Asiatic Journal, 1889, describes
Nos. 1 and 2 of Mahmud Shah bin Muhammad Shah and
To. 2 of Kallm Ullah of this paper as coins of Mahmud
tab Baikarah of Gujarat. No doubt he had not seen
specimens giving the complete legends, as in two out of
the three the last line of Obv. is ^*«*fJ1 .
0. CODRINGTON.
VOL. XV III. THIRD SERIES.
N K
XII.
ON BARNSTAPLE AS A MINTING-PLACE.
MR. LAWRENCE has recently pointed out that the coins
with the mint names BEAR, BARD, BEARDA,
BARDAN, &c., should be assigned, not, as has hitherto
been done, to Barduey, in Lincolnshire, but to Barnstaple
in Devonshire.
It may serve as some slight confirmation of the correct-
ness of Mr. Lawrence's view if I point out that this same
attribution was made two years ago in a volume of charters
published by Mr. W. H. Stevenson and myself (The
Crawford Collection of Early Charters and Documents,
Oxford, 1895, p. 79). What, in the first instance, led us
to fix on Barnstaple as the site of the mint was an eleventh
century endorsement (A.D. 1018), which will be found on
p. 9 of our volume. Here, mention is made of the
" burh-witan " at " Beardastapol,"1 and this proves the
existence of Barnstaple as at that date a borough, and,
therefore, a likely place for a mint, whereas Bardney
(Beardan-ig) was unknown except as the site of a monas-
tery. Our assumption received confirmation from the
inscription on one of Cnut's coins, mentioned in our note
(Hiidebrand, Anglosachsiska Mynt, 1881, p. 203, No. 11),
1 The fuller form would be Beardanstapol. In Domesday it
is spelt Barnest&ple.
ON BARNSTAPLE AS A MINTING PLACE. 275
which the minting place reads BEARD AS, which may
'ell stand for Beardastapol, but cannot possibly refer to
teardanig.
ARTHUR S. NAPIER.
ADDITIONAL NOTE ON BARDNEY AS A MINT.
T may be desirable to add a few words to the foregoing
note, not so much with the view of strengthening l.he
attribution of the coins reading BARD, &c., to Barn-
staple, but of showing the improbability of there having
been a mint at Bardney at the time when they were
struck, a point on which both Mr. Lawrence and Professor
Napier might possibly more strongly have insisted.
That Bror Emil Hildebrand should have attributed the
coins to Bardney is by no means surprising, inasmuch as
though he was a diligent student of early English history,
it could hardly be expected of him that he should be
acquainted with all the details of English topography.
His observations on Bardney in the first edition of his
ork on Saxon coins found in Sweden are to the following
effect: «+ BARDANIG (BEARDENIG) = Bardney in
Lincolnshire. Here was a monastery which Aethelraedr
King of Mercia, entered as a monk in 704. It was de-
stroyed by the Danes in 807 (? 870), and was restored
about the time when the Normans conquered England."2
,uding certainly mentions BARD in his list of the mints
Aethelraed, but without explanation. In another place
ol. ii., p. 224) he conjectures that "BARD was by mis-
take put in the place of BRAD, which might signify
Bradford in Wiltshire." SainthiU's remarks2 on which
2 See Sainthill in Num. Journ., 1837, vol. ii., p. 46.
276 " NUMISMATIC CHRONICLE.
Hildebrand founded his attribution are to the same effect.
He gives the name as Bardenai in Domesday, and says
that the place is ten miles west of Horncastle.
Lewis, in his " Topographical Dictionary/' gives the
same position to the place, and says that at about the period
of the Conquest the monastery was restored for a society of
Benedictine monks, by Gilbert de Gaunt, Earl of Lincoln.
In " Allen's History of the County of Lincoln,"3 it is stated
that in the year 870 the Danes, under Inguar (Ingwair)
and Hubba, burnt this monastery and murdered the monks
therein, about three hundred in number. After remaining
above two hundred years in ruins it was rebuilt by Gilbert
de Gaunt, the noble and devout Earl of Lincoln.
Oswald, King of the Northumbrians, was buried at
Bardney in the year 642, and in 909 his body was trans-
lated to Gloucester, it may be presumed owing to the
ruined condition of the monastery in which he had been
interred.
It is true that Bardney is not specifically mentioned
among all the minsters that the Danes destroyed in 870 ;
but there can be but little doubt that it shared the fate of
so many others in East Anglia.
Let us now consider some of the objections to regard-
ing Bardney as the place of mintage of these coins read-
ing BARD.
In the first place> as has been pointed out by Professor
Napier, Bardney was merely the site of a highly venerated
monastery, and not like Barnstaple an important borough.
In the second, Bardney lies within ten miles of the
ancient city of Lincoln, where a Saxon mint was in opera-
tion, certainly from the days of Eadgar. Although in
3 Vol. ii. (1834), p. 62.
ON BARNSTAPLE AS A MINTING-PLACE. 277
some parts of England mints were established in great
profusion in the tenth and eleventh centuries, there
seems to be an extreme improbability of there having
been mints in so northern a part of the country in close
proximity the one to the other at the time when these
coins were struck. We must, moreover, take into account
the extensive issues from the mint of Lincoln during the
reigns of Aethelraed II, Cnut, Harold I, and Edward the
Confessor.
But thirdly, these reigns extend over a period from A.D.
978 to 1066 and there seems every reason to believe that
after the translation from Bardney of the remains of St.
Oswald in A.D. 909, the monastery if not actually annihi-
lated remained in a state of extreme poverty until the
time when it was re-established by Gilbert de Graunt after
the Norman Conquest.
On the whole, it therefore appears that Barnstaple has
an indefeasible right not only to the coins reading
BEARDAS or BEARDEST, but to the whole series of
coins reading BEARD or BARD and all its varieties of
form.
J. E.
NOTICES OF RECENT NUMISMATIC PUBLICATION*
Les Oriyines de la Monnaie considerees au point d
economique et hi&torique. Par E. Babelon. Paris, 1897, 8vo.
M. Babelon's little volume is the most readable work on the
wider problems connected with the early history of coinage that
has appeared for some years. The subjects dealt with are
sufficiently obvious from the title, and they are treated in the
lucid and interesting manner which shows that the author has
to a great extent received the mantle of Francois Lenormant.
Considerations of space may excuse the limitation of the
present criticism to what is, after all, the most interesting
chapter in the book — that containing M. Babelon's theory of a
private coinage among the Greeks. The early electrum coinage
of Asia Minor presents probably the most difficult problem in
Greek numismatics. Particularly troublesome are those pieces
which can hardly be said to bear types at all, so rude are the
impressions of the dies. In these and in other early pieces,
with designs in the small incuses on the reverse, M. Babelon
recognises private money. The little punched designs he
regards as the signets of private persons of credit. Even the
famous Phanes is translated into <;un banquier ou un
marchand" of Ephesus " estampillant ses lingots." "Not
being a dynast of Ephesus, he can only be a rich banker of
this city" (p. 119). Granting the dichotomy, which is less
doubtful than it seems when thus barely stated, we may still
ask whether Phanes necessarily had anything to do with
Ephesus. To say that the stag is Phanes' private mark and at
the same time that it proves an Ephesian origin for the coin
is strange logic. The legend of the coin : " I am the badge of
Phanes," is in itself a warning to the effect : " Do not take me
for the badge of Artemis ! " Phanes may therefore have been
a dynast of some other place. Our knowledge of the early
history of Asia Minor is not exhaustive. As to the banker who
obliged Croesus when he was in extremities, what is there to
NOTICES OF RECENT NUMISMATIC PUBLICATIONS. 279
prove that his money was not State issue ? Finally, if the
incuses on the reverse of the early electrum were made by
private bankers, how is it that (1) a very large number contain
no design, (2) they are so symmetrically arranged ? On a large
series, for instance, we find one oblong incuse between two
squares. This regularity of arrangement seems to show that
the three marks were made at the same time. On one coin M.
Babelon sees in the central oblong a fox, in the squares a head
of a horse or stag, and a flower. Are these three types the
marks of one banker or of three ? If of three, are we to
suppose that they made an arrangement, so that the marks
should be symmetrically arranged ? If of one, why did he
have three signets ? It is surely more satisfactory to suppose
that these coins were issued by the State, and that such signets
as we find belong to the responsible magistrates. The enor-
mous variety of the early electrum coinage will probably be
explained some day, but we greatly doubt whether it will be
on the lines so ingeniously indicated by M. Babelon. Time
was when the later electrum of Lesbos was split up and attri-
buted to a number of cities. G. F. H.
The Story of the British Coinage. By Gertrude Burford
Rawlings. 12mo., pp. 224. London, 1898 (George Newnes,
Limited).
This handy little volume, issued at the very moderate price
of a shilling, in some respects resembles the cheap and ex-
client guide-books of Ambrosoli and Gnecchi, which relate
the Roman coinage. In this instance, however, the illustra-
tions, no less than 108 in number, are from process-blocks
introduced in the text, and are not relegated to separate plates.
In the introduction some account is given of the processes
idopted for the production of coins and the origin of coinage,
denominations of English coins, their fineness, and the
>sition of English mints are summarily discussed. A succinct
lotice of the coinage of the Ancient Britons and of the Anglo-
ixons follows, while the English Coinage, from the time of the
lorman Conquest to the present day, is much more fully treated.
Icclesiastical Mints, the Anglo-Irish Coinage, the Anglo-
illic Coinage and Maundy Money are more briefly noticed
in separate chapters. A far more detailed account of the Scot-
tish Coinage follows, and the work concludes with a Chapter on
Colonial Coins, and a short note on Tokens.
280 . NUMISMATIC CHRONICLE.
The book is evidently intended to be rather a History of the
British Coinage than a Numismatic Manual ; it will, however, be
an acceptable guide to the public which takes an interest in the
development of our coinage, and also to the young collector.
It may be observed that a large proportion of the illustrations
is taken from coins of so high a degree of rarity, that the
ordinary collector can hardly hope ever to obtain specimens of
them, but this circumstance does not detract from their inter-
est. There is but one illustration that might with advantage
have been omitted, that of a fragment of a pattern sovereign of
Elizabeth, on page 67, which, though it imposed on Horace
Walpole, cannot now be accepted as genuine. We heartily
welcome MissRawlings' little book, which is calculated to awaken
a taste for numismatic studies.
J. E.
'lorop/a TOJV vo/xwr/xaTwi/. Athens, 1898.
M. J. N. Svoronos, the Keeper of the National Coin Collec-
tion at Athens, has just published a careful translation into
modern Greek of Mr. Head's standard Manual of Greek Numis-
matics, the Historia Numorum, The book is neatly printed,
and consists of two large octavo volumes and an atlas of auto-
type plates reproducing the coins figured in the Historia, with
some additions. M. Svoronos proposes to issue a supplementary
volume dealing with the numismatic material that has accumu-
lated since the Historia was published (1887). The translation
forms part of the Eift\ioOr)K.rj M.apao-X.fj, a series of Greek version*
of well-known works, such as Curtius's History of Greece, Droy-
sen's Hellenismus, and Macaulay's History.
EDITORS, Num. Chron.
MONNA1ES GRECQUES INEDITES ET INCERTAINES.
12
13
14
15
16
18
COINS OF MENDE &c.
Nfim. Cfavn. SerIT.VblJVllLPl.JfM.
BAHMAN! COINS
6
BAHMANI COINS.
XIII.
RHEGIUM -IOCASTOS.
DANS sa dissertation sur le type connu sous le nom
de Demos des monnaies de Rhegium,1 M. E. J. Seltman
a montre dernierement que le personnage assis, au revers
des tetradrachmes et drachmes emises a Rhegium, entre
460 2 et 416, ne saurait representer le Demos de la ville,
parceque des figures allegoriques de ce genre n'etaient
pas encore usitees au 5e siecle ; puisque ce nom de Demos,
propose par Raoul-Rochette3 et depuis adopte assez
generalement, n'est pas confirme par la figure assise, fort
semblable, des monnaies contemporaries de Tarente,
vu que celle-ci ne represente pas non plus le Demos,
comme le croyait Raoul-Rochette, 4 mais le heros
eponyme de la ville, Taras, ainsi que la legende 1'in-
dique.5
Mais, au-lieu d'en conclure que ce qui est vrai pour
Tarente, Test aussi pour Rhegium, M. Seltman a reuni
tous les arguments qui lui semblent plaider en faveur de
1 Num. Chron., 1897, p. 173—189, PI. VIII.
• Busolt, Griech. Gesch., 1U, 1, p. 170.
3 Raoul-Rochette, Memoires de Sumism. et d'Antiq., 1840
(Xumism. Tarent,), p. 241, suiv.
4 Ibid., p. 204.
5 Ibid., PI. Ill, n. 22, 25; Cat. Brit. Mus. Italy, p. 169, n.
71, 73, 74; Xum. Chron., 1889, PI. I, 7; Mus.de Berlin,
Beschrtib. Ill, 1, p. 238—240, n. 75, 76, 80, 81, 87.
VOL. XVIII. THIRD SERIES. O O
282 NUMISMATIC CHRONICLE.
1'hypothese de M. Head,6 qui a voulu reconnaitre Aristee
dans le personnage assis des monnaies de Rhegium.
Ici je ne puis partager son opinion ; pour moi ce ne
peut etre que le fondateur de la ville, \9oiKumpt comme
le Taras assis a Tarente et 1'Hercule assis, design^
expressement comme tel par la legende O^K^MTAM,
a Crotone.7
A Rhegium le fondateur est locastos,8 fils d'Aiolos et
frere de Pheraimon et d'Agathyrnos,9 bien connus par
les drachmes de Messana 10 et les bronzes de Tyndaris.11
II regnait sur la cote jusqu'au site de Rhegium, quand la
morsure d'un serpent lui causa la mort. Autour de son
sepulchre les Chalcideens, unis a des Messeniens, fon-
derent Rhegium.12
6 Hist. Ntirn., p. 94, "a divinity of the nature of Agreus or
Aristaeos."
7 Carelli, T. CLXXXIII ; Garrucci, T. CIX, 35 ; Berlin, K.
Munzk., 1877, T. VIII, n. 761 ; Head, Guide, PI. 25, 19 ; Cat.
Brit. Mus. Italy, p. 353, n. 85—87 ; Sambon, Recherch. 1870,
PI. XXIII, 15.
8 Schol. Dionys. Perieg., 461. Ets Seroov viwv avrov (AioXov)
'lojcaoros TO 'P?7yiov e*crttre, TrdXiv Trpur^i/ 'Epi/cpa
a>C 6 KaAX/'/xa^os • (fr. 202) • 'P^yiov aorv XLTTWV ']
AioXiSao • cf. 476, Tzetzes ad Lycophr. 45 et 738.
9 Diodor., V, 8. Tov 8' AtoXou viovs yeveVSat — e£,-
fjiova KCU 'lo/caorrov /cat "Aya-&upi/ov — . Touroov 8e 'loKacrrov /X6V r^s
'IraXtas di/T£)(O/x€vos e^SacrtXevei/ rrjs TrapaXtas /u,t'xpi TOJV fcara TO
cP/jytov TOTTWI/. SchoL Odyss. X, 6 ; Apostol., I. 83.
10 Eckhel, Num. vet. anecd., p. 46, T. IV, 8 ; Torremuzza,
T. L, 6 ; Cat. Brit. Mus, Sicily, p. 106, n. 58, 59.
11 Millingen, Anc. Coins, p. 28, PI. II, 9 ; von Duhn, Zeitschr.
f. Num., Ill, 1876, p. 27—39.
12 Heraclid. Pont., XXV (Mueller, Fragm. Hist. Graec., II,
p. 219). 'P^ytov wKiaav XaXKiSets ol dV EvptVov 8ta Xi/zov avu-
oTaVres • 7rapeXa/3ov 8e Kat — M.€o~(rr)VLOv<; — , Kal o~vv<jJKto-av TrptoTov
?rapa rov 'IOKOLQ-TOV rafyov, Ivo? ruiv AioXov Tratotav, ov <fra.(Tiv airo-
TrXrjyfVTCL VTTO dpaKovros. Strabo, VI, 1, 6, p. 257;
)., v. 311 ; Emtath. Dioni/ft. Periecfet., 340.
RHEGIUM — IOCASTOS. 283
Or si on examine avec soin les monnaies que M. Selt-
man a reunies sur la PI. VIII, on apperyoit sur le n. 17 un
serpent qui a grimpe autour du pied posterieur du siege
et va mordre locaste au flanc gauche ; la tete du reptile
se voit au-dessus de la main gauche du roi. Le meme
serpent est visible, mais indistinctement, sur les n. 1, 6
et 16.
Sur les n. 11 et 14 et sur un tetradrachme de ma
collection, on dirait que le serpent s'est enroule autour
des hanches et dresse la tete au-dessus du genou de
locaste.
Et si ce heros — car les tefcradrachmes n. 4 et 5 le figu-
rent divinise — retourne la tete sur le n. 9, c'est qu'il est
effraye par le vue d'un serpent qui s'enroule autour du
baton qu'il tient a la main.
Sur d'autres pieces, ou le serpent ne parait pas, le
graveur donne a locaste une pose qui indique assez qu'il
est souffirant et atteint d'un mal incurable ; il porte la
main a la plaie et s'appuye, penche en avant, sur son
baton, avec une expression de vive douleur et de pro-
fonde tristesse. La drachme, n. 8, est la mieux reussie.
C'est done bien locaste et non Aristee que repre-
sentent ces monnaies et c'est lui aussi et non Esculape,
qui se voit au revers d'un groupe de bronzes d'epoque
posterieure.
1. Double tete ft Artemis, coiffee de la stephane et surmontee
du polos.
Rev. — PHFINUN, locaste, le has du corps drape, assis,
a gauche, sur un siege a dossier et s'appuyant de
la main droite sur son sceptre. Devant, P[ei/-
M 7. - Carelli, T. CXCIX, 100; ma coll.
2. A g. B. Carelli, 101 ; Cat. Brit. Mus. Italy, p. 382, 91.
284 NUMISMATIC CHRONICLE.
3. A g. tripied. Carelli, 98 ; Garrucci, T. CXV, 13 ; Brit.
Mus., 94 ; Mion., I, p. 200, n. 958.
4. A g. trepied, a 1'exergue serpent. Carelli, 99; Brit. Mus.,
92, 93; ma coll. ; Mion., I, p. 201, n. 960 (A d.
le ch.).
5. Un serpent s'est enroule autour du sceptre. Brit. Mus.,
p. 381, 89, 90; ma coll.; Mion., Suppl.,I,p.
349, n. 1054.
6. Autre sans P ? Carelli, 102 ; Garucci, 12.
Ici le serpent n'est pas un symbole constant, comme il
conviendrait a Esculape, mais un accessoire qui, quoiqu'il
serve a caracteriser locaste, peut etre omis ou ajoute a
volonte, comme sur les te"tradrachmes.
La couronne d'olivier qui entoure le type sur 1'argent,
ferait croire que 1'introduction de la culture de 1'olivier
etait attribute au roi mythique ; peut-etre ne symbolise-
t-elle que la fertilite du territoire.
Les symboles, sous le siege ou dans le champ,
oiseaux divers, astre, grenade, chien, chat ?, serpent,
grappe de raisin, n'ont aucun rapport avec locaste ; ce
sont les marques personnelles d'officiers monetaires ou de
magistrats annuels et servent a distinguer les emissions
successives.
II n'est pas improbable, ce me semble, que les citoyens
de Rhe'gium ayent erige une statue au roi prehistorique,
dont le tombeau formait le point central de la colonie
Chalcideenne et qu'ils en ayent confie 1'execution a
Pythagoras, le celebre sculpteur Samien qui vivait par-
mi eux dans la premiere moitie du 5e siecle.13
13 E. Gardner, Handb. of Greek Sculpt., 1896, pp. 244-248.
Busolt, Griech. Gesch., Ill, 1, p. 387. En 493 Pythagore
vint a Rhegium ; les dates connues de ses ceuvres vont de 488
a 472.
RHEG1UM 10CASTOS. 285
Son Philocte'te est une preuve qu'il excellait dans Tart
de rendre la douleur corporelle 14 et c'est ce qui m'induit
a soupconner que c'est une oeuvre de Pythagoras qui a
inspire les graveurs de quelques-unes des monnaies les
plus anciennes, n. 1 — 3, 6 — 8, ou la douleur que la morsure
du serpent cause a locaste est exprimee avec une verite
si reraarquable et si insolite dans 1'art monetaire encore
archa'ique.
II me reste a mentionner les bronzes de Rhegium qui
portent, au revers d'une te"te d' Artemis pharetree, un heros
nu, debout de face, couronne, s'appuyant de la main
gauche sur un sceptre et tenant de la droite etendue
un rameau d'olivier ? et un oiseau ; dans le champs
symboles.10
D'apres le serpent qui s'enroule autour du sceptre sur
1'exemplaire du British Museum, n. 87, ce serait encore
locaste, mais represente cette fois non comme un roi
divinise, mais dans une nudite hero'ique avec les attributs
du territoire qu'il avait occupe le premier.
Or, quel que soit le nom qu'il faille substituer a celui du
Demos de Rhegium, tous les numismatistes sauront gre a
M. Seltman d'avoir reuni et public les varietes connues
et d'avoir ainsi facilite singulierement 1'etude d'un type
tres curieux.
Je tiens a 1'en remercier pour ma part.
J. P. Six.
AMSTERDAM, Fevrier, 1898.
14 Pline, Hist. Nat., XXXIV, 59. Claudicantem cuius
ulceris doiorem sentire etiam spectatores videntur.
15 Carelli, T. CXCVIII, 83—87 ; Garrucci, T. CXV, 7 ;
Sambon, Eechercli., 1870, p. 353, n. 49—51 ; Mion. I, p. 202,
n. 980, 981 ; Suppl., I, p. 350, n. 1069 ; Cat. Brit. Mus. Italy,
p. 381, n. 87, 88.
XIV.
GREEK COINS IN THE COLLECTION OF
MR. EARLE-FOX.
(See Plate XIX.).
THESSALY — THESSALIAN CONFEDERACY.
1. J&. 26 m.m. Head of Zeus r., laureate.
Rev.— EYBIOTOY Monster, like a centaur, ex-
^ Z cept that the animal part of
W CJ him is of a bull, not of a
JJJ horse, galloping r., and seiz-
^ ^ ing by the bridle a horse rear-
S .... TP . . . ing r. Concave field. fPl.
XIX. 1.]
The shape and position of the tail, the conspicuous
hanging testiculi, and the distinctly cloven near fore-
hoof, seem to make the bovine nature of the monster a
matter of certainty.
2. M. 22 m.m. Head of Artemis r., quiver behind neck.
Eev. — (OE^A) Artemis, clad in long chiton, ad-
'fn vancing r., holds burning torch in
1 ^C each hand. Concave field. [PI.
h OB XIX. 2.]
2 6
* H
O O
^ •<
2
AHN.
GREEK COINS IN THE COLLECTION OF MR. EARLE-FOX. 287
This coin, like No. 1, appears, so far as I can ascertain,
to be unpublished, and bears one of the same magistrate's
names. The name in the nominative cannot be the same
as on No. 1, as the letters TP, the only ones decipher-
able, cannot form part of Nikokrates.
MAGNESIA.
3. JE. 15 m.m. Female head r., hair rolled.
Rev.— MArNHT(flN). Artemis, clad in short chiton,
drapery floating round shoulders, running r. ;
holds long torch with both hands. [PI. XIX. 3.]
UNCERTAIN.
4. M. 16 m.m. Bearded head 1. (Asklepios ?).
Rev. — A I AON. Female figure, clad in long chiton,
seated on throne r., feet on footstool ; 1. hand
rests on long sceptre, r. holds patera. [PI. XIX.
4-]
The style and type seem to suggest Thessaly, and, to
the best of my recollection, I bought the coin (at Athens)
with a parcel of bronze coins of various Thessalian cities.
The first and third letters are rather indistinct, though cer-
tainly one of the three triangular letters. Of course this
may be only the second half of the name, and the first
may have been in front of the figure (off the flan). But
either as a whole or part, I cannot fit it in with any
ethnic I know of, and I should be grateful for any sug-
gestion as to the attribution. Is it of some hitherto
unrecorded Thessalian town ?
BOEOTIA — CORONEIA.
5. JE. 22 m.m. Boeotian shield.
Eev.— KOP in concave field. [PI. XIX. 5.]
288 NUMISMATIC CHRONICLE.
HALIARTUS.
G. M. 23 m.m. Boeotian shield.
Rev. — AAI in concave field.
(Cast taken by me from a coin in a dealer's shop at
Athens.)
Dr. Barclay Head, in his coinage of Boeotia, gives
similar coins of Haliartus, Thespiae, Lebadeia, Orcho-
menus, Plataea, and Tanagra. Coroneia would seem to
be a new mint in this class. The coin of Haliartus is in-
teresting as showing when the change from APIAPTOZ
to AAIAPTOZ occurred, for the specimen of this class in
the British Museum (Cat., Cent. Greece, PL VII. 17) reads
API.
PHOCIS — ELATEA.
7. M. 18 m.m. EA. Bull's head facing, bound with
sacrificial fillet.
Rev. — Athena, wearing crested helmet, charging to r.,
shield on 1. arm, lance in r. hand. Concave
field. [PL XIX. 6.]
Cf. B. M. Cat., Cent. Greece, Phocis, Nos. 105 and 106,
with identical obverse, but reverse, 4>HKEHN, head of
Apollo, which should doubtless also be attributed to
Elatea.
EUBOEA — CARYSTOS.
8. JR. 10 m.m., 0'51 grammes. Cow's head and neck r.
jRev. — Palm-tree in incuse square. [PI. XIX. 7.]
An apparently unpublished obol closely resembling the
hemidrachm in B. M. Cat., Cent. Greece, PI. XVIII. 2.
GREEK COINS IN THE COLLECTION OF MR. EARLE-FOX. 289
EUBOEA.
9. M. 19 m.m. Head of Artemis r.
Rev.—EYBO quiver with strap. [PI. XIX. 8.]
CHALCIS.
10. M. Coin of Antigonus (head of Pallas — satyr erecting
trophy) countermarked by Chalcis, "with female
head, facing, hair rolled, wearing sacrificial fillet,
surmounted by row of disks. Cf. types of M
coins of Chalcis. [PI. XIX. 9.]
ATTICA — ATHENS.
11. M. 31 m.m. Head of Athena Parthenos, as usual on
tetradrachms, bearing names of magistrates. On
cheek-piece of helmet, which is turned up, a
griffin flying r.
Rev — Usual type. A 0E
TIM APX
NIKAr
AHPO0
on amphora A ; below, ^<|>. Symbol, anchor
and star. [PL XIX. 10.]
ATHENS.
12. JR. 31 m.m. Similar to preceding, but the cheek-piece
of the helmet adorned with a coiled serpent r.
Rer. — A 0E Symbol, Asklepios standing 1. on
ME N EA amphora (letter effaced) : below,
EF1I H P
TENO
0EO<I>
(From a cast taken at Athens.)
I cannot find that attention has ever been called to the
ornamentation on the cheek piece of the helmet in this
series, which appears to change with different magistrates,
but is certainly absent on the latest and roughest tetra-
VOL. XVIII. THIRD SERIES. P P
290 NUMISMATIC CHRONICLE.
drachms. On examining the plates of the B. N. Cata-
logue, Attica, I find an ornament, the details of which I
cannot distinguish in the photograph, on xii. 8, and
traces of something on xi. 8 and xiii. 6, and only on
these, though most of the specimens figured are in good
condition. I have reason to believe that the two coins I
have described came from the same find.
CORINTH.
Two coins of Corinth in my possession serve to further
illustrate Messrs. Imhoof-Blumer's and Percy Gardner's
admirable numismatic commentary on Pausanias, and one
of them, at least, is of some importance as demonstrating
the sculptural origin of an already familiar coin- type.
13. m. 21 m.m. • CAESTRAIAN HAD •'• • • Bust
of Hadrian r., laureate.
Rev. — Inscription effaced. Poseidon, naked, seated on
rock r., left hand resting on long trident, right
hand resting on knee, in hexastyle temple, with
round roof surmounted by an ornament, the
detail of which is obscure. [PI. XIX. 11.]
The figure of Poseidon on this coin is identical with that
on the coin signed by P. Tadius Chilo and C. Julius Nice-
phorus (B. M. Cat., Corinth, 483, PI. XV. 1, andJVta. Com.
on Pans., p. 16, PI. D, LIT.). I think it may be con-
sidered as demonstrated that the figure is copied from a
statue, for two of the conditions laid down by Professor
Gardner as tests are fulfilled : the figure is represented in
a temple, and it is reproduced exactly in every detail
after an interval of over a hundred and fifty years. This
evidence is the more interesting because Professor Gardner
(N. C. P., p. 17) says : " The only one (figure of Poseidon)
GREEK COINS IN THE COLLECTION OF MR. EARLE-FOX. 293
Cf. Brit. Mm. Cat., Pelop., Laconia, 4, PL XXIV. 3,
similar, but reading AA. I have always been puzzled to
find a place for this coin in the Lacedaemonian series.
The types seem to suit Elis much better, and coins of
that place without the F are already known (Imhoof,
Mon. Grrecqites, p. 169). I would venture to suggest that
AA may be the true reading, and AA the retrograde, and
that the coin may belong to Elis.
ARGOS.
21. M. 15 m.m. Head of Hera 1., wearing Stephanos ;
of fine style.
Eev.—& in wreath ; concave field. [PI. XIX. 19.]
This closely resembles in style the beautiful drachms
published (Brit. Mm. Cat., Pelop., PI. XXVII. 12 and 13),
and is probably the earliest bronze coinage of Argos.
22. M. 10 m.m. Fore-part of wolf, 1.
Hev. — A Av in incuse square. [PI. XIX. 20.]
The type is a variety of the bronze coins of Argos.
It came to me from Crete with a parcel consisting chiefly
of coins of Polyrhenium and Aptera. It is already
known that coins of Argos, especially those in silver, are
frequently found in Crete.
H. B. EARLE-FOX.
XV.
THE PICTURE OF A ROMAN MINT IN THE
HOUSE OF THE VETTII.1
DEAR DR. HEAD,
Having lately obtained a large and beautiful photograph
of the Pompeian wall-painting discovered some years
ago, and described in the Numismatic Chronicle of 1896,
I arrive, after careful study, at conclusions which, in
regard to the meaning of the actions performed by the
various figures of the composition, as well as in some
other respects, differ a good deal from Mr. Talfourd
Ely's conception. I give you my ideas in brief compass
for what they are worth, and in the hope that in doing
so I may help forward, by a step or two, the right inter-
pretation of a beautiful work of art, which possesses a
truly unique interest for all students of archaeology, and
most of all for those of ancient numismatics.
First of all permit me, however, to express my regret
that the editors should have contented themselves with
what is little better than an outline rendering of the
painting. A photograph of the same size, colourless
though it be, would have done more justice to its con-
1 For illustration of this mural-scene see Xum. Chron., 1896.
PI. VI.
THE PICTURE OF A ROMAN MINT. 295
spicuous artistic excellence. As it is, the element of airy
humour, the key-note of the composition, has in great
part disappeared.
Taking now the scene in natural sequence, from the
right, we observe the first of the Loves busy working on
a platform at the open furnace door. Mr. Talfourd Ely
refers to him as performing the task of stoker. I would
submit that he may be doing — or may be preparing to do
— more. Everybody knows that the functions of the
high officers of the Mint at Rome were carefully defined
by "auro argento aere flando feriundo." The term
" flando " would embrace the melting process of the
ingots and the casting of the coin-blanks. Consequently,
the insignia of a monetalis, such as they appear on a
denarius of the Carisia Gens, express the formula by,
first, the melting-pot or crucible, and, secondly, by anvil,
hammer, and tongs.
The first object has sometimes been misinterpreted as a
laurelled coin-die. Its size alone (it would cover the
whole top of the anvil) seems to render this explanation
improbable. Laurelled it is, because it suggests at the
same time the peculiar ovoid or pot-shaped head-cover
of the god of the smithy, which, I doubt not, was sug-
gested to the imagination of the primitive age by the
crucible. Thus they would adorn him at once with all
the simple insignia of the earliest art (barring that of
the potter) : hammer in right, tongs in left, and crowned
with the vessel of his furnace.
The casting process, by which many of the debased denarii
in the later times of the Empire were obtained, has been
illustrated from ancient originals on Plate VII of Aker-
man's Coins of the Romans relating to Britain. It may be
presumed that the coin-blanks were cast in some such
296 .- NUMISMATIC CHRONICLE.
manner, and I suppose, accordingly, that the low square
erection on the right of the furnace is, or encloses, the
casting-well or foundry, receiving the piled clay moulds
for the blanks. The first Cupid, then, is in charge of the
crucible which he is about to withdraw from the furnace,
examining closely whether the molten mass is ready for
the casting operation. He does this with the left hand. In
stoking he would naturally use the right.
The blanks, when removed from their moulds, would
be in too porous and brittle a state to bear without
cracking the blows of the heavy hammers used in coining.
The next step must, therefore, have been to put them in
a fit condition, and we learn from the next and the third
busy little worker how this was done. Each blank was
subjected to the glow of the furnace, and when much
heated, compressed and solidified by the use of a moderately
heavy hammer.
Now the coin-blank is ready for the testing and weigh-
ing department, as represented by the structure in the
centre of the scene. The three shelves may be supposed
to contain samples in the three metals ; for although their
contents are, I am informed, tinted yellow in the original,
this colour would suit both gold and orichalcum ; while a
silvery tone of colour might tax the ingenuity of a modern
painter, if he were to produce it on damp plaster. The
same interpretation might be applied to the three pairs of
scales, the large for the big brass blanks and the others
for silver and gold. The box immediately below the
large balance is, perhaps, a receptacle for weights, or it
may be meant to receive rejected blanks.
The Cupid with the second largest pair of scales in his
hand has charge of this department. He is supposed to
be — as in duty bound — the sure and just man of the com-
THE PICTURE OF A ROMAN MINT. 297
pany. As such, he is blindfolded — at least, so he appears
to be in the photograph— like Justice herself. But he
has pushed the bandage back and up from one eye in
alarmed chagrin, under the angry remonstrance of his
superior who finds his work wanting, and he now feebly
attempts to depress the light scale with his little index.
Possibly, however, the supposed bandage is an illusion and
may be caused by a damage to the surface of the picture.
And who is this indignant superior ? Mr. Talfourd Ely
refers to the figure simply as the monetalis ; but with the
large photograph before me, I entertain no doubt that it is
not male, but female. Garments, necklace, bracelets, and
the clearly defined bosom render this much certain. The
whole scene has, I believe, been differently interpreted by
others from this circumstance, viz., as a j eweller's work-
shop, visited by a lady intent on a purchase. This view is
condemned not only by the internal evidence of the
natural sequence in the different stages of the process of
coining, but by the presence of the Peacocks sacred to the
great goddess, in whose temple (i.e., under whose auspices)
the industry was originally carried on. The locality is,
further, characterised as a temple by a column (not given
in the Chronicle) beyond the Cupid at the furnace.
But since these Loves or Genii certainly symbolize the
various stages of the art or handicraft as exercised by the
workers, who but Juno Moneta herself could worthily fill
the position and function of the head and master ? Her
regal diadem she has indeed laid aside, while presiding
amidst the din and dust of the mint (it should be
noted that she is represented without her diadem on the
denarius of the Carisia Gens). But the queenly mien
and bearing are there, reminding one, as Mr. Talfourd
Ely has well expressed it, of a seated Jove. And the
VOL. XVIII. THIRD SERIES. Q Q
298 NUMISMATIC CHRONICLE.
painter takes care that she shall be readily known, for he
adorns her wings with the eyes from the feathers of her
bird. These eyes are indicated by certain roundish spots
that have been omitted in the outline picture of the
Numismatic Chronicle. The}'- are entirety confined to the
small space covered by the wings, and appear so regularly
placed that they could hardly be the result of chance or
accidental damage. This may be tested by an examina-
tion of the right wing, as it is seen in a good photograph,
the other being less well preserved. On it there are
visible four spots, one close to the tip and another near
the shoulder, while two more, one above the other, can be
distinguished at an equal distance from both. The two
last are somewhat blurred ; but the former show the irre-
gular pear- shape of the exterior circumference of the eye
on the peacock's feather. A winged Juno certainly seems
a fanciful creation ; but since the whole airy composition
is alive with wings, how would she look as a wingless
Titania amidst her feathered flock ? And as the little
Cupids are suitably furnished with the short, stumpy
wings of birds — sparrows or newly fledged doves — sacred
to the goddess of love, so have the peacock's plumes been
chosen for the central figure. The artist has not shrunk
from a bold step for the sake of aesthetic unity in design.
While she, however, indignantly rejects the light coin-
blank, two workers on her left put the last touch, or rather
blow, to another, previously approved of.
Mr. Talfourd Ely justly observes that the hammer and
tongs used in this operation are large and heavy, the fact
being emphasised by the long swing with which the
Cupid fetches his blow. He farther surmises the object
directly aimed at to be the upper die, held down firmly
upon the lower one, with the blank in between, betwixt
THE PICTURE OF A ROMAN MINT. 299
the nippers of the tongs. The supposition is obvious and
natural, and if only the picture might be dated back a
few decades, no very serious objection could be raised.
The Roman republican coins were — if I may make use
of the expression — struck " free-hand," that is, the upper
die was firmly held down, either by the hand or a pair of
stout tongs, the lower die being securely fixed. No
attention was paid to the placing of the obverse type
relatively to that of the reverse.
But about the middle of the first century after Christ
there was a change, irregular placing becoming the excep-
tion. Under Nero, if not sooner, the method had certainly
become fixed, the coins being struck — to use a rather
illogical expression — in the inverted-vertical position, like
the money of the present reign previous to the Jubilee
year, i.e., the impression of one side being straight up,
that of the other straight down. Later again, under
Hadrian for example, the types of both sides are some-
times carefully placed up together. Now, in this strictly
vertical position, up or down, there is a very evident
purpose, viz., that of order and uniformity. I have lately
discussed the matter with you and with Mr. Hill, though
more particular!}?- in connection with the working of the
later Greek mints, where the same method seems to have
obtained (outside Sicily and some other regions), about
three hundred years earlier. Mr. Hill suggests that
regularity might have been attained sufficiently by the
men always handling their working utensils in exactly
the same relative position to each other from behind and
in front of the anvil. This appears to be a satisfactory
explanation in regard to the initial stages of the method
in which regularity predominates, but does not rule.
Later on, however, it becomes a uniform law, and we
300 NUMISMATIC CHRONICLE.
must, I think, assume that this could only have been
effected through some mechanical contrivance by which
the dies were connected, and which thus rendered marked
irregularities of position practically impossible.
Our age easily overcomes difficulties of a trivial kind,
such as this, by some ingeniously contrived piece of
mechanism. But how would people set about solving it
that do not appear to have possessed for the purpose very
much beyond the commonest working appliances of the
smithy ? To answer the question I need not go back two
thousand years, there being a paper in the Numismatische
Zeitschrift of 1888 that teaches us how it was done at
Cologne a little more than three hundred years ago. A
pair of stout tongs (see Plate V of the Zeitschrift) with the
two dies firmly attached to the nippers served the purpose.
The coin-blank was placed between the dies, and a blow
on a piece of iron, projecting upward, did the business.
Judging by the excellent photograph in my possession, I
should say that this was the method followed by the Cupids
of the picture. The lower nipper is placed down flat on the
anvil, there being so much apparent space between it and
the upper one, that we may easily imagine the two flat
dies, firmly attached, together with the coin-blank lodged
between. If the tongs only grasped and held the upper
die in position over the lower one, the lower nipper could
not rest flat on the anvil. But the Cupid holds it so.
There obviously arises this question, viz., whether the
nippers, be they of the strongest and most solid kind,
could bear the direct blow of the hammer. I think they
would not. Yet there is a simple way out of the difficulty.
A third man might have placed the head of a hammer with
a square-shaped top, or indeed any conveniently made piece
of metal, on the upper nipper, thus receiving the blow on
THE PICTURE OF A ROMAN MINT. 301
it. But this third person, since he contributes nothing to
the dramatic effect of the whole, might well be omitted in
the picture as unimportant or even detrimental to the
harmonious scheme of the composition. Similarly, the
process of removing the coin-blanks from their moulds
has been left out as unessential. Possibly, also, the omis-
sion is unintended, since the artist, not being in the
secrets of the mint, may never have realised the need of
the third man.
All this is conjectural ; but I venture to think I am
not straining probabilities in the endeavour to account for
the fixity of position between obverse and reverse types.
It is a solid fact, and must be faced somehow. I am,
moreover, inclined to think that the theory is, indirectly
at least, corroborated by inscriptions from the pedestals of
statues of Apollo, Fortuna, and Hercules, erected and dedi-
cated in A.D. 115 by the personnel of an imperial mint
(Corpus Inscriptionum, vi., p. 8, Nos. 42, 43, and 44). We
are informed that there were in a certain officina — in addi-
tion to the manager (optio) and 16 chief workmen (officina-
tores) — 17 die-engravers fsignatores), 11 die-placers (sup-
postores) and 32 mallet-men (malleatores). A number of
other workmen, whose functions are not defined, may have
worked at the furnace (flaturarii) and attended to the
general keeping in order of the officina. The malleatores
and suppostores — as represented by the two Cupids on
the left — interest us more particularly. It seems strange
that the latter should have been in such a marked
minority, viz., a proportion, as nearly as possible, of one
to three. The picture goes only some way in account-
ing for the disparity in numbers, for it shows two mallea-
tores and one suppostor engaged in the course of the
whole operation. The man who, as I suppose, received
302 NUMISMATIC CHRONICLE.
the blow of a mate on the top of his hammer, is, therefore,
the malleator wanted in order to make up, almost exactly,
the proportion of the two classes of workers as given in
the inscription.
Or the matter might be stated like this : Taking the
11 suppostores as the basis to calculate from, there would
be, according to the theory, 22 malleatores engaged with
them at 11 anvils. The number of anvils on which the
blanks were prepared for striking need not have been
exactly the same. Handling lighter instruments, these
men would, on the whole, work somewhat faster, i.e., the
rate of production of ten such anvils might keep pace with
eleven of the other kind. In this manner we should get
32 malleatores as against 11 suppostores.
Other methods of contrivance might be suggested, par-
ticularly for the striking of the larger and harder bronze
blanks. But since such would not bear on the design of
the picture, I refrain from entering on conjectures in this
direction.
In conclusion, I would venture on a conjecture of
historical interest, although, doubtless, it has suggested
itself already to others. Might it not be supposed that
we possess in this dainty composition a picture which is
connected with the family history of the Yettii ? 2 Speci-
mens of a denarius and a quinarius with the name of the
gens are abundant and well known, the former, struck
by T. Vettius Sabinus, about 69 B.C., with the head of
Tatius, his legendary royal ancestor. Here, as in almost
numberless instances, events from the history of the noble
families form the theme of the republican coin types.
2 This interpretation, suggested by Mr. Grueber, has already
been published in Arcliceoloyia , vol. 55, p. 317. — [ED.]
THE PICTURE OF A ROMAN MINT. 303
Is it, then, too bold to suggest that the picture may have
adorned the house of a Vettius as a memento of the
ancient connection of the family with the mint ? It
would seem surprising that the central figure of the com-
position should ever have been misinterpreted as male ;
the error was, perhaps, due to the masculine cast of the
face and head. But if the picture bears on the family
history, we may suppose that the features were meant to
be a likeness of the ancestor and monetalis ; and this
alone would also account for the absence of the diadem.
Perhaps there are many such " family pictures " among
the art treasures of Pompeii, if only we could read them
aright. The even more charming companion of "the
Mint," "the Race," coursed by Cupids in chariots that
are drawn by antelopes, may be among these, recalling,
perhaps, some famous contest in the circus which was
won by some other member of the great house.
I am, dear Dr. Head,
Yours very faithfully,
E. J. SELTMAN.
P.S. — My attention has just been called to M. Babelon's
"Notice sur la Monnaie" (Grande Encyclopedic, t. xxiv).
The representation of the hinged dies (p. 112), while
establishing the fact that coins were sometimes struck by
means of connected dies, as suggested above, renders it
unnecessary to assume the co-operation of a second
malleator in the process of striking, and thus the only
difficulty in explaining this interesting painting is done
away with. — E. J. S.
XYI.
ROMAN AUREI FROM PUDUKOTA, SOUTH INDIA.
THE hoard of which details are given below was discovered
early in 1898, in the territory of his Highness the Rajah
of Pudukota. To the energy of Mr. Crossley, his High-
ness's private secretary, we owe it that the hoard was
secured Tsery nearly if not altogether intact, although the
native who discovered it made strenuous attempts to
defeat the ends of numismatics and the law. By the
kind permission of his Highness, who has generously
presented to the British Museum such varieties as were
required for the National Collection, I am enabled to give
a complete description of the coins. They are unfor-
tunately without exception in bad condition, having
evidently been in circulation a long time before they
were buried. In addition, more than 90 per cent, of
them have been deliberately defaced with a file or chisel.
In the list which follows I give the references to Cohen's
work, the number of coins of each type, and the number
of defaced specimens.
ROMAN AUREI FROM PUDUKOTA, SOUTH INDIA. 305
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316
NUMISMATIC CHRONICLE.
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ROMAN AUREI FROM PUDUKOTA, SOUTH INDIA. 317
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818 NUMISMATIC CHRONICLE.
The available information relating to previous finds of
Roman coins in South India has been collected by Mr.
Edgar Thurston.1 The earliest known notice of such
finds dates from 1787. Roman gold and silver coins have
been found in the various districts stretching across the
peninsula from Calicut to the Coromandel Coast and the
Madura district, especially in the Coimbatore district.
There is no record of finds from Pudukota itself. On
the eastern side of the peninsula, small Roman copper
coins of the end of the fourth century are also numerous,
but are usually much worn.
I will not add to the various speculations already
quoted by Mr. Thurston as to the Roman trade with
India. It is hardly necessary to say that the presence
of Roman coins does not necessarily imply that of Roman
traders ; but in any case, if we judge by the coins,
intercourse of some sort must have flourished very con-
siderably from the time of Augustus down to that of
the Antonines, and even down to the middle of the third
century ; after which there was a lull, until the revival
towards the close of the next century.2 The trade was
not confined to Southern India ; but it would seem that
in the north of the peninsula the Roman gold was re-
coined (hence the large gold currency of the Kusanas3),
whereas in the south both gold and silver, and even, as
we have seen, copper served as currency. As regards the
silver coins, it is noteworthy that one of the commonest
1 Madras Government Museum, Coins : Catalogue No. 2.
Second edition. Madras, 1894.
2 See the quotation from Cosmas, who travelled in the reign
of Justinian. Mommsen-Blacas, iii. p. 129.
3 Rapson> Indian Coins, § 123 (in Biihler's Grundriw, ii,
SB).
ROMAN AUREI FROM PUDUKOTA, SOUTH INDIA. 319
coins from India (Cohen, No. 43, corresponding to the
gold type No. 4, in the above list) is almost always plated.4
This fact leads Mommsen to suggest that this type was
especially struck for the trade with South India, where
perhaps the natives were less able than the Europeans to
tell bad from good denarii.5 Another type which occurs
in large numbers is that represented by No. 16 in the
present find. The numbers from two finds of silver coins
made at Vellalur, Coimbatore district, in 1842 and 1891
respectively, are as follows : —
1842. 1891.
Type 4 (C. L. Caesares, &c.) . . 184 188
Type 16 (Pontif. Maxim.) . . .378 328
Other types . 10 31
Apart from this fact, there is a considerable corre-
spondence between the various finds in regard to the
types represented ; but the great preponderance of these
two types seems to point to large shipments of money
having been made to India, in or shortly after the years
in which they were issued.
The most curious feature of this find is the treatment
to which nearly all the coins have been subjected.
Yarious explanations suggest themselves. One, that the
incisions were made in order to test the genuineness of the
coins, is easily disproved ; for, without exception, it is the
head that is defaced. Had the object been merely to test
the metal, a stab in any other part of the coin would have
served the purpose, and out of the heads on 461 coins
some at least would have escaped. The object must
4 Mommsen-Blacas, iii, p. 337.
5 Cohen notes that there exist a great many imitations of this
type, made by barbarians, and struck at a date long subsequent
to the reign of Augustus.
320 NUMISMATIC CHRONICLE.
have been to destroy the authority by which the coin
was guaranteed. The defacement was not effected in
Rome , for it would not have been done in such a hap-
hazard way as is indicated by Nos. 19, 26, 56, 57 ; and
further, similarly defaced coins would probably have
been found in other hoards, if the coins meant for India
were thus defaced before being exported. But of such
defaced coins there is no record. It follows, then, that the
incisions were made in India, in order to put the coins
out of circulation. Apparently this was not done because
the coins were meant to be dedicated at some shrine,6 for,
among the hoards so frequently found in topes, the coins
are not treated in this way. It only remains, therefore,
to suppose that these coins were defaced by the political
authority, as being too much worn for further circulation,
and were awaiting the melting pot, when the secret of
their concealment was lost.
G. F. HILL.
6 This has been suggested to explain the incisions on Gaulish
coins.
NOTICES OF RECENT NUMISMATIC PUBLICATIONS.
Greschichte des sicilischen Munzwesens bis zur Zeit des Augustus
(Ad. Holm, Gesckichte Siciliens im Altertlmm, B. in., pp. 543 —
741; Taf. i.-viii.).
Alike in his Greek History, his essay on Ancient Catania,
and the two first volumes of his History of Sicily, Dr. Holm
has given ample proof of his very extensive use of numismatic
evidence. To the third volume of his Geschichte Siciliens that
has now appeared, the distinguished historian has appended
what is unquestionably the most extensive view of the Greek
coinages of the island that has yet seen the light. It consists of
about 200 pages of closely condensed materials, and is accom-
panied by eight autotype plates of singular excellence, exe-
cuted at Zurich, under the auspices of Dr. Iinhoof-Blumer.
Such a work, coming from the highest living authority on
Sicilian history, needs more than a passing notice, the more
so that there is to be found in every page of Dr. Holm's essay
the most generous appreciation of the work of English numis-
matic students in the same field.
Dr. Holm approves of Imhoof's view that the " so-called
^ginetan drachms " that represent the earliest issue of the
Chalkidian colonies in the island — Naxos, Zankle, and Himera —
should rather be regarded as Euboic oktobols, and as repre-
senting a third of the Euboic-Attic tetradrachm. It may, indeed,
be objected that ^ginetan obols were struck at these cities,
weighing about '90 grammes (14 grains). As sixths of the
^Eginetan drachm of c. 6 grammes (98 grains), their function
is clear ; but they have no obvious relation to a system of
Euboic obols. It is certain, however, that in any case the
system employed in these Chalkidian cities was a dual one,
since the commonest of the small silver coins struck at Zankle
and Naxos weigh from '65 to '75 grammes (10 to 11 '5 grains),
and should perhaps be rather regarded as Euboic-Attic obols
VOL. XVIII. THIRD SERIES. T T
322 NUMISMATIC CHRONICLE.
than as Sicilian litras, which, at Syracuse at least, during the
early period, weigh as much as '85 grammes (13 grains). In
this case the higher Chalkidian unit might be indifferently
regarded as an ^Egiiietan drachm or an Euboic oktobol, and
represents the meeting-point of the two systems.
That it was necessary from the first for the Sicilian cities to
adapt their coinage to the Attic system is shown by the fact,
for which I can personally answer, that Athenian tetradrachms,
of the most archaic as well as of later fabric, are of common
occurrence throughout the island. In some cities these pro-
bably formed the chief currency at a time when the native
coinage had hardly begun. The " tortoises " of ^Egina, on the
other hand, are conspicuous by their absence in these Sicilian
finds.
Dr. Holm considers that there are no real grounds for sup-
posing that the first coinage of Syracuse was the work of the
Gamori, and refers this innovation rather to the democratic
government which succeeded them. The crab on the Agrigen-
tine coins he identifies with a marine species (Eriphia spini-
froits), and ascribes its introduction at Motya (as at Hirnera) to
Theron's influence. With regard to the existing examples of the
Damareteion, Dr. Holm confirms from personal knowledge the
fact, that in 1863 " two specimens existed in the French Cabinet,
one in the De Luynes and one in the old collection." At
present only the former is to be found there, and it would be
of interest to know whither the specimen of the French National
Collection has migrated.
Dr. Holm, while admitting the possibility of the view put
forward by myself in these pages, that the celebrated tetra-
drachm with the standing figure of Poseidon and the legend
DANKVAION, records a temporary restoration of Zankle
under its old name, nevertheless offers the suggestion that this
coin type was merely a later concession of Anaxilas to the
Zankl&an element of Messana, that is, after 493 B.C., but before
476, the date of his death. To me, at least, both from the
style of the coin and from certain analogies with Kauloniate
and other Magna-Graecian types, it seems impossible to carry
back its date earlier than the middle of the fifth century.
Doubts are here thrown on Dr. Kinch's ingenious suggestion
that the B in the inscriptions ZECEZTAX IB ZECEZTA-
IIBEMI represents an H, and that the reading should there-
fore be Seye<TTa£/77 «/«• But it is difficult to accept the alterna-
tive suggestion that KB = div, and that we have here
" Segosta div, that is, the Goddess." With regard to the
mysterious Phoenician inscription Ziz on the West Sicilian coin-
NOTICES OF RECENT NUMISMATIC PUBLICATIONS. 323
types, Dr. Holm contents himself with pointing out, with
Imhoof, that it first appears on didrachms of Panormos in the
first half of the fifth century B.C., and only later spreads to the
coinage of other cities. As to its meaning, he maintains a wise
reserve. He accepts my suggestion that KIMIZZ, on an
alliance piece from the same region, refers to the river
Krimissos, and stands in relation to Timoleon's victory.
The remarkable hemidrachms reading EK KE<I>AAOI-
AIOY HPAKAEinTAN, Dr. Holm now inclines to refer
to Kephaloedion itself. But the analogy invoked with such
descriptions as \nrapaioi, e£ 'Epi/couo-o-^s does not here hold
good. The use of e£ for lv is natural enough from the out-
sider's point of view, but for dies engraved in Kephaloedion
such a usage would be in the highest degree improbable. My
own suggestion (Freeman's Sicily, iv., p. 352) that these pieces
represent the coinage of some colonial plantation of Timoleon,
as an Hellenic counterpoise to the Carthagenian Rash Melkart
(Herakleia Minoa), is equally excluded, not only by the fact
that Herakleia Minoa itself, lying on the left bank of the
Halykos, must have been included in Timoleon's dominions,
but by the style of the coin itself, of which I have now an
example before me. It belongs to a decidedly earlier date than
Timoleon's time. The head of Herakles on the obverse re-
sembles in character that of some of the latest tetradrachms of
Kamarina, while the butting bull of the reverse — an almost
exact copy of that of the Thurian coins by the engraver
Molossos — groups itself with the butting bulls on the litras of
Katane, and of the alliance piece of Katane and Leontini,
struck in 404 B.C. In both the above cases the bull signifies
the river Symajthos (see N. C., 1896, p. 135). All that
can be safely said about this Herakleian piece is that both in
types and fabric it fits on to the late fifth-century coinages of
the south-western corner of Sicily.
These " Herakleians from Kephaloedion" seem to have been
exiles — eVrreTrrcoKOTss — from their native city, who had been
allowed to perpetuate its name elsewhere under some friendly
aegis. But the existence of this record certainly shows that
the Herakleian name was also attached to Kephaloedion, a fact,
moreover, of which its later coins, with the head and attributes
of Herakles, afford a strong corroboration. These considera-
tions have drawn from Dr. Holm the novel and interesting
suggestion that the Phoenician Ras Melkart — " the Promontory
of Hercules " — should be sought, not as hitherto at Herakleia
Minoa, on the south-western coast of the island, but on the
incomparably bolder headland of Cefalu. The name Ke(/>aAoi-
324 NUMISMATIC CHRONICLE.
Siov itself is nothing more than a translation of the Phoenician
Has, and the Herakleian connection of the one finds its counter-
part in the Melkart of the other. This suggestion, that the
Siculo-Punic coinage with the inscription Ras Melkart was
struck at Kephalcedion, deserves careful examination. In the
IATON on coins of Himera, he reads with Kinch a tribute of
the " healed " citizens, from ZO.TOS : but on this point see supra,
p. 185, where it is shewn that the word IATON is a mis-
reading.
While agreeing in the main with the thesis put forth in my
Syracusan Medallions, that the tetradrachm coinage of Syracuse
was broken off in the first years of Dionysios' tyranny, at the
close of the fifth century, Dr. Holm holds that certain tetra-
drachm types were still struck in Syracuse between 400 and
868 B.C. He instances, besides the unique tetradrachm of
Evsenetos from the Carfrae Collection, the coins illustrated in
PI. V. 1-4 of Dr. Head's Coinage of Syracuse. To my own
mind the existence of this solitary tetradrachm of Evaenetos —
which was not known to me at the time when I wrote my
monograph — affords the most striking proof of the absolute
truth of my contention that shortly after the beginning of
Dionysios' reign the tetradrachm coinage entirely breaks off.
This unique piece, with the pellet beneath the chin of Perse-
phone, corresponds in type and style with some of the earliest
of Evaenetos' dekadrachms. Its existence alone suffices to show
that had the tetradrachm coinage been continued, the most
celebrated engraver of his time would have been commissioned
to produce a succession of dies parallel to those of his prolonged
series of dekadrachm types. That in style this tetradrachm by
Evasnetos is later than the other examples cited by Dr. Holm
is my own intimate persuasion. This, indeed, is a matter of
opinion ; but what will probably be regarded as a more cogent
fact, is the appearance on two of these of the coiled form of ear-
ring, the associations of which are with the late transitional
coins of Syracuse. It is only in the case of the tetradracbm
signed PAPME ... and the other (Head, PI. V., 2), which
is probably by the same artist, that we find the earring, with
three pendent drops, of the later "Medallion" period. But
these two coins present a quadriga type on their reverse,
which betrays an earlier tradition.
I note with great satisfaction that Dr. Holm accepts the
simple explanation put forth in these pages (N. S., 1894,
pp. 223, seqg.) of the two statements of Aristotle that, on the
one hand Dionysios doubled the value of certain coins, and on
the other, that he reduced the old talent of 24 noummoi
NOTICES OF RECENT NUMISMATIC PUBLICATIONS. 325
to 12. The reduced talent, as we know from the great
Tauromenitan Inscriptions, still continued to be divided into
120 litras of account, and the noummos, therefore, was now
equivalent to 10 litras instead of 5. The Corinthian "Pegasoi,"
which, as we learn from a series of Sicilian finds, were now the
chief currency of the island, were thus raised to the legal
value of the old tetradrachms, and the financial expedient of
Dionysios— having stopped the old tetradrachm issue — was
to repay his creditors in these Corinthian pieces, which he had
artificially raised to the value of 20 litras. Such drastic expe-
dients accord better — it must be admitted — with the total
cessation of the coinage of the old twenty-litra pieces, or " tetra-
drachms," than with the partial continuance of their mintage.
ARTHUR J. EVANS.
MISCELLANEA.
BIBLIOGRAPHICAL NOTES ON GREEK
NUMISMATICS.
ARTICLES bearing on the study of coins, but published in
periodicals not exclusively devoted to Numismatics, are liable
to escape the eye of the most vigilant numismatist. The object
of the following notes, which I hope to continue from time to
time, is to collect the titles of such articles, and glean the casual
references to coins from the more important archaeological
journals. In some cases I must depend for my information on
other bibliographies, such as, especially, the quarterly list in the
Jahrbuch of the German Archaeological Institute. The present
list (which begins with 1897) does not, of course, pretend to
be complete ; and I shall be most grateful to those who will
bring to my notice information which they think should be put
on record.
G. F. HILL.
KINGS AND PEOPLES.
Italy.
CROTON. — Type of reclining Heracles at C. and elsewhere,
compared with similar types in sculpture. E. Loewy,
Bom. Mitth., 1897, pp. 60, 65.
Sicily.
Los monnaies antiques de la Sicilc. J. A. Blanchet, licv. de
VArt, 1897, pp. 117 ff.
SYRACUSE. — Treatment of eye on Syracusan coins ; introduc-
tion of eyelashes limited to middle of fifth century. A.
J. Evans, Rev. Arch., xxxii. (1898), p. 348 f.
MISCELLANEA. 327
Macedon.
CHALCIDICE ? — .51 ; rev. Agon (attributed by B. V. Head to
Gyrene). Journ. Hellen. Stud., 1897, p. 79.
KEGES. PHILIP II. — M tetradrachm. Journ. Hellen. Stud.,
1897, p. 79.
PEESEUS. — Portraits on coins discussed in connection
•with head at Naples. J. Six, Rom. Mitth., 1898, p. 74 f.
PAEONIA. LYCCEIUS. — Unpublished 1R coin, with head of
Apollo Derronaios. Th. Reinach, Seance de Vassoc. p.
Vencour. d. et. gr., 6 V., 1897.
Thrace.
ABDEBA.— Type of Pan. K. Wernicke, Hermes, 1897, p. 310.
COSSEA. — KOZflN . N coins attributed to Cossea. Archaeo-
logiai Ertesito, xvii., 1897, p. 285 f.
ANCHIALUS, &c. — Type of horseman and three dancing nymphs
(at Anchialus, Apollonia,Hadrianopolis, Augusta Traiana,
Traianopolis, Deultum, Marcianopolis) compared with
relief, V. Dobrusky, Bull. Corr. Hell., 1897, p. 122 f.
TOMI. — Coin of Trajan, with representation of the monu-
ment of Adamklissi. A. Furtwangler, Ztschr* fur die
osterr. Gymnasien, 1897, p. 264.
PANTICAPAEUM. — Type of Pan (Silenus ?). K. Wernicke,
Hermes, 1897, p. 310.
HEBRYZELMIS, King of ODEYSAE. — New inscription confirming
spelling with I (as on coin, Num. Chr., 1894, p. 3) as
against T, which is read doubtfully in C. I. A., iv. 2,
14c. G. Lampousiades, ®/>a/an) 'ETrerrjpts, 1897, p. 153.
COTYS IV., son of Rhaescuporis.— Portrait (Arndt, 343, 344)
compared with coin (Imhoof-Blumer, Portratkopfe, 2, 27).
J. W. Crowfoot, J. H. S., 1897, p. 321.
Boeotia.
Type of winged Athena (Num. Zeit., 1871, PI. V. 1) repre-
sents the goddess in archaic form ; the type therefore
originated at an early date. L. Savignoni, Rom. Mitth.,
1897, p. 310.
TANAGEA. — Triton at foot of statue of Dionysos. Discussion
of myth. H. Bulle, Ath. Mitth., 1897, p. 402.
Euboea. (?)
2R series, with facing horsemen or quadriga. G. F. Hill,
J. H. 8., 1897, p. 80.
328 NUMISMATIC 'CHRONICLE.
Achaea.
AEGIUM. ^E, with Zeus suckled by goat, reading HMIO-
BEAIN. J. U. S., 1897, p. 82.
Elis.
Didrachms, with early head of Zeus and eagle's head com-
pared with work of gem-engraver Dexamenos. Note on
classification of coins of Elis. A. J. Evans, in Rev.
Arch., xxxii. (1898), pp. 345-847.
Laconia.
King NABIS. Koof-tile, found at Lacedaemon, inscribed BaXe'os
Na/5tos. BaXe'os explained as abbreviation ; cf. BA-
(o-iXe)Y]E on coins of Smyrna. P. Wolters, Ath. Mitth.,
xxii., 1897, p. 139 f. See B. C. U., 1897, p. 148, note
on tetradrachm with BcuXt'os Na/2ios, published Num.
Chr., 1897, PI. V. 2. See also Perdrizet, Num. Chron.
1898, p. 1.
Arcadia.
PHENEUS. — JR, with seated Hermes and Ev^a in graffito.
J. H. 8., 1897, p. 83.
Crete.
SYBBITA. — M, with heads of Dionysos and Hermes. J. H. S.,
1897, p. 83.
Pontus.
ZELA.— 2E of Trajan. Title, SejS. Tep/x. Aa/c. Flo. (? Ha.).
Rev. — Zeus 5E7ri/cap7rios. ZeXemiJi> (sic) CTOUS v ' . Zeus
seated 1. with Nike and sceptre. B. Haussoullier, liev.
de PhiloL, 1898, p. 169.
Paphlagonia.
AMASTRIS. — Type of Hermes with caduceus and discus (e.g.
B. M. Catal. Pontus, PI. XX. 7), is copied from statue
represented in the Vatican discobolus, who should
accordingly hold a caduceus in r. hand. Other types of
Amastris reproduce good Greek originals. Discopborus
in motive of a Polycleitan statue at Philippopolis in
Thrace (Mionnet, Supp., ii., PI. VII. 2). Coins of
Demetrius III (Babelon, Sijric, PL 28, No. 0) and
Prusias II show Hermes in attitude of discobolus, but
without discus. The caduceus on coin of Amastris is of
MISCELLANEA. 329
true Greek form (cf. various coins of Pheneus, Corinth,
Sestas, Aenus). Winged caduceus begins in third
century B.C. (as at Sicyon) and is regular in Roman
times. Habich, Hermes Diskobolos in Jahrb. d. Inst.,
1898, p, 58.
Bithynia.
M Imperial of uncertain mint, with Se/Jao-r?) 'O/xoi/ota.
J. H. 8., 1897, p. 84.
Mysia.
CYZICUS.— EL stater (Jahrb., 1887, p. 1010). Analogy with
hoplitodromos of Tubingen denied. A. de Bidder, Bull.
Corr. Hell, 1897, p. 214.
HADRIANI. — Suggested distinction between coins with 'ASpia-
i/eW and those with 'ASptavwi/. Inscription with former
spelling found at Balat, some distance from Hadriani
(Beyje). J. A. R. Munro, J. H. 8., 1897, p. 290.
LAMPSACUS. — 3 N, heads of Zeus, Nike (?), and Actaeon.
J. H. 8., 1897, p. 85.
Tenedos.
Double axe used in service of Dionysos. H. v. Prott, Rhein.
Mm., 1897, p. 203. But see P. Stengel, p. 406.
Lesbos.
MYTILENE.— EL stater. J. H. 8., 1897, p. 86.
Ionia.
UNCERTAIN MINTS. — Early EL stater, with Lydian type of two
lions confronted. J. H. 8., 1897, p. 86.
EL stater (Cat. Ionia, PI. II. 14) with gorgoneion.
Type compared with gorgoneion on Phrygian monument
at Hairan-veli. Koerte, Ath. Mitth., 1898, p. 133.
CLAZOMENAE. — Evidence of importance of Clazomenian school
shown by comparison of various coin-types of Asia
Minor with types occurring on coins, vases, and sarco-
phagi of Clazomenian school. These types are chiefly :
winged boar (Lesbos, Cyzicus, Samos, lalysos, Lycia) :
forepart of horse (Lesbos) ; head wearing helmet, with
peculiar projection in front (Methymna), or peculiar
decoration of cheek-pieces (Phocaea) ; gorgoneion (Lesbos,
Abydos [Apollonia ad Rhyndacum]) ; ram's head
VOL. XVIII. THIRD SERIES. U U
330 NUMISMATIC CHRONICLE.
(Lesbos, Phocaea). B. Zahn, Athen. Mitth., 1898, Pp
56-58, 68-71.
EpHEsus.-l€PAnHMH of Artemis. G. F. Hill, J. H. S.,
1897, p. 87.
MAGNESIA AD MAEANDEUM. — Das Heroon des Themistokles in
Magnesia am Maiandros. C. Wachsmuth, PJiein. Mm.t
1897, p. 140. With reference to M of Antoninus Pius,
with figure of ©e/xtdroKX^s sacrificing. See also Euben-
sohn and von Wilarnowitz, Arch. Anz., 1897, p. 131 ;
Berl. Phil, Woch., 1897, n. 31/32, 999-1001; P.
Gardner, Class. Rev., 1898, p. 22.
MILETUS. — Electrum tritae with lions' heads ; type com-
pared with lions on Phrygian monument at Hairan-veli.
Koerte, Ath. Mitth., 1898, p. 127, PI. III.
PHOCAEA.— Early N stater with letter O z= 0. J. H. S.,
1897, p. 89.
PHYGELA. — Cause of alteration of the name from Pygela to
Phygela on coins. Of. Pordosileue, Porosilene. Roscher,
Ehein. Mus., 1898, p. 184.
Caria.
APHRODISIAS. — Die Aphrodite von Aphrodisias in Karien. C.
Fredrich, Ath. Mitth., 1897, pp. 361 f. Identifies a
series of statuettes with this Aphrodite, who figures on
coins of the city. Other types of Aphrodisias (three
Graces, Eros, Aphrodite on sea-goat) are illustrated by
the decorations of the drapery in these statuettes.
CNIDUS.— M, with head of Praxitelean Aphrodite. .7. II. S.,
1897, p. 89.
TEAPEZOPOLIS. — The magistrate, T. Flavius Maximus Lysias,
of the imperial coin (Head, B. M. Catal. Carifi, p. 177,
No. 3) identified from an inscription. J. G. C. Ander-
son, J. H. S., 1897, p. 403.
Phrygla.
APAMEA. — Sojrtipa as epithet of Hecate triformis. J. A. R.
Munro, J. H. S., 1897, p. 284.
GORDIUM. — M coin reading ropSiai/on/ (Num. Chr., viii., p. 27)
must belong elsewhere, since Steph. Byz. gives TopSievs
as ethnic of the Phrygian city. A. Koerte, Ath. Mitth.,
1897, p. 4.
HIERAPOLIS. — Coins illustrating history, cults, &c. Ahcrti'imcr
von Hierapolis (IV Erganz.-Heft of the Jahrb. <l. /•'. </.
arch, fust., 1898), pp. 23 f., 30, 42 ff.
MISCELLANEA. 331
MIDAEUM. — Imperial M, with seated Kybele (Domitian and
Caracalla). A. Koerte, Ath. Mitth., 1897, p. 41.
TIBERIOPOLIS. — Worship of Artemis (to whom the coin-types
usually refer) proved by inscriptions. J. A. R. Munro,
J. II . S.t 1897, p. 284.
Lycia.
TATHTHIVAIBI. — M stater with female head. J. IT. S., 1897,
p. 90.
PHASELIS. — Type of " Heracles and Acheloos." L. Savig-
noni, Man. Ant., 1897, pp. 283, 358.
Cilicia.
SELEUCIA AD CALYCADNUM. — yE Macrinus, with Corybantes.
J. If. 8., 1897, p. 90.
Cappadocia.
AKIARATHES IX, EUSEBES PHILOPATOE. — Head published by
Schrader (Ath. Mitth., 1896, PI. X.), identified as por-
trait. J. Six, Ath. Mitth., 1897, p. 415 ff.
Armenia.
SAMES.- — Radiate diademed head, copied from Antiochus VI.
J. Kaerst, lihein, Mus., 1897, p. 67.
Syriae Reges,
Titles Soter, Theos, &c. J. Kaerst, Rhein. Mus., 1897, pp.
48, 65 f.
SELEUCUS I. — Portraits on coins discussed in connection with
Erbach head, J. Six, Rom. Mitth., 1898, p. 66 f. (PI.
III).
Seleucis.
ANTIOCHIA AD ORONTEM. — Coins with Antiochia of Eutychides.
Cf. Roman medallions of Gordian III, with Euphrates
and Tigris at Emperor's feet. R. Forster, Jahrb. d. k.
deutsch. arch. List., 1897, p. 145 f.
Phoenicia.
AEADUS. — Types of Ba'al and cypress between bull and lion,
connected with reliefs at Baetocaece. R. Dussaud, Rev,
Arch., xxx., 1897, p. 325.
LAODICEA IN CANAAN. — " Of Laodicea which (is) in Canaan,"
332
NUMISMATIC CHRONICLE.
not " of Laodicea, metropolis in Canaan," is the reading
of the Phoenician legend. C. Clermont-Ganneau, lice.
Arch., xxx,, 1897, p. 301.
Parthia.
MITHBADATES II AND III.— Title Theos. J. Kaerst, Rhein.
Mus., 1897, p. 67.
Bactria.
ANTIMACHUS. — Title Theos. J. Kaerst, Rhein. Mus.. 1897,
p. 67.
India.
Indian coins : early foreign coins in India, Graeco-Indian,
Scythic Invaders of India, Indo-Parthian, Kusana, &c.,
with bibliographies and plates. E. J. Rapson, in
Biihler's Grundriss der Indoarisch. Philol. u. Altertums-
Jcunde, Bd. II, Heft 8 B, 1898.
Egypt.
PTOLEMIES. — Titles Soter, Theos. J. Kaerst, Rhein. Mus.,
1897, pp. 47, 66, 68.
Three Ptolemaic coins from Pondoland (Cape Colony). G. F.
Hill, Class. Rev., 1897, p. 365 f.
ALEXANDRIA — Representations of Nilus and Anouke on coins
and stelae in Graeco-Roman Museum of Alexandria.
The pharos on coins and in a terra-cotta facsimile. J.
Dutilh, Bulletin de Vlnstitut egyptien de Caire, 1898, pp.
15-28.
METROLOGY AND ECONOMY.
Die trojanischen Silber-barren der Schliemann-Sammlung.
A. Gotze, Globus, 1897, pp. 217-220 (illustrations).
Delphic Amphictyony : 1 mina = 70 drachms. B. Keil,
Hermes, 1897, p. 404.
Note sur un poids antique de Beryte (Phenicie). Symbol,
trident. Cf. prow on weights of Aradus, boar's head on
those of Laodicea ad Mare. J. Rouvier, Comptes licndm
deVAcad. d. Inscr., 23rd April, 1897.
Roman balance from Chiusi, in Berlin Antiquarium. Is con-
structed according to Roman scale up to 40 Ibs., and
does not support Lehmann's inferences as to old Roman
MISCELLANEA. 333
lb. of 273 gr., or fixing of relation of silver to copper at
96 : 1 in Euboea. Pernice> Jahrb. d. Inst., 1898, pp.
78, 79.
Une crise monetaire a Mylasa. Th. Reinach, Nouv. Ecu.
hist, de droit fr. et etr. 1898, pp. 5-26.
BIBLIOGRAPHY.
Bibliotheca Philologica Classica, xxiv., 1897. Epigraphica.
Numismatica. Trimestre i., pp. 105-112; ii., pp. 185-
189; iii., pp. 266-271.
COLLECTIONS, ETC.
ATHENS. — 'E^-i/coi/ No/uoyxariKOV Movo-eioi/. *Ei<0€cn<s TU>V Kara
TO aKaBrifiaiKOv eros 1894-1895 Tre-Trpay/icVcoi'. Athens,
1897.
LONDON. British Museum, Department of Coins and Medals. —
Additions to the Collection. Account of the Income and
Expenditure of the British Museum, 1898, pp, 79-86.
POITIERS. — Le Musee de Poitiers (215 Greek coins). H.
Dece, Le Journal des Arts, 1897, No. 62.
MISCELLANEOUS.
Bericht liber das Corpus Nummorum. Diels, Sitzunysber. d.
k. preuss. Akad., 1897, n. 5, p. 45.
Etude sur la numismatique. Discours a 1'assemblee generale
du congres des societes savants. E. Babelon, Journal des
Arts, 1897, nos. 57, 58. See also : De Putilite des mon-
naies pour Fetude des monuments anciens. L'Ami des
Monuments, 1897, p. 149 f.
(To be continued.)
INDEX.
A.
Abdera, coin of, 100
Adramyteum, coins of, 107
Aegean Islands, coin of, 120
Aegium, coin of, 292, 328
Aelius, coin of, 136, 169
Agrippina I and II, coins of, 309
Ahmad Shah Wali Bahmani, coins
of, 266
Aka Muhammad Khan, coins of, 93
Ala ad Din Ahmad Shah, coins of,
267
Ala ad Din Hasan Shah Gangu
Bahmani, coins of, 263
Ala ad Din Humayun Shah, coins
of, 268
Albinus, Clodius, coins of, 150
Alexander the Great, coin of, 99
Alexander III of Scotland, coins
of, 10, 36
Alexander, Severus, coins of, 167,
189
Alexandria (Troas), coin of, 109
ALISCHAN, S. M., Posidium in
Coele-Syria, 124
Amastris, coin of, 328
Antandrus (Troas), coin of, 109
Antigonus, of Babylonia, coins of,
219
Antiochia ad Orontem, coin of, 331
Antiochus I of Babylonia, coin of,
222, 230, 240, 243
Antiochus II of Babylonia, coin of,
227
Antiochus Hierax, coin of, 233, 239
Antonia, coins of, 308
Antoninus Pius, coins of, 106, 112,
136, 169
Apamea, coin of, 330
Aphrodisias, coins of, 330
Aradus, coins of, 331
Argos, coins of, 293
Ariarathes IX, head of, 33
Arion on dolphin on Vauxhall
tickets, 70
Athens, coins of, 289
Augustus, coins of, 305
Aurei, Roman, found in India, 30 4
Aurelianus, coin of, 118
Aurelius, coins of, 140, 170
B.
Babelon, E., Les origines de la
Monnaie, notice of, 278
Bactrian coins, 332
Bahmani Dynasty, coins of, 259
Baris (Pisidia), coin of, 117
Barnstaple, the mint of, 274
Berwick, coins struck at, 23, 24
Bibliographical notes on Greek
numismatics, 326
Bithynia, coin of, 329
Bithynium, coin of, 105
Boeotia, coins of, 327
Bretigny, the treaty of, 66
Bristol, coins struck at, 22
British Museum, Greek coins ac-
quired by, 97
Bury St. Edmunds, coins struck at,
C.
Cadyanda, coins of, 200, 212
Caligula, coins of, 309, 310
Candyba, coins of, 200
Canterbury, coins struck at, 23, 24,
27
Caracalla, coins of, 105, 112, 157,
174
Carystos, coin of, 288
Chalcidice, coin of, 99
Chalcis, coin of, 289
Cidramus, coin of, 112
Claudius, coins of, 310
Clazomenae, coins of, 329
Cnidus, coin of, 330
CODKINGTON, 0., M.D., coins of the
Bahmani Dynasty, 259
Collections, guides to, 333
Commodus, coins of, 115, 170
Corinth, coin of, 290
INDEX.
335
Coroneia, coins of, 287
Crete, coin of, 32 S
Crispina, coins of, 149, 170
Croesus, coin of, 116
Croton, coin of, 326
Cupids, three, on Vauxhall tickets,
83
Cyrene, coins of, 119
Cyzicus, coins of, 108, 197, 329
D.
David II of Scotland, coins of, 10, 36
Decius, coin of, 106
Defaced coins, 304
Delphi, coin of, 101
Demos, the, on coins of Rhesium,
281
Diadumenianus, coins of, 164, 178
Didius Juliamis, coins of, 150, 171
Domitian, coins of, 130
Drusus, Nero, coins of, 308
Durham, coins struck at, 23, 25,
28, 52, 56
E.
EARLE-FOX, H. B., Greek coins in
the Earle-Fox collection, 285
Edward I, coins of, 9, 51
»» II, „ 9, 51
„ III, „ 9, 12, 45, 52
Egyptian coins, 332
Elagabalus, coins of, 165, 178
Elatea, coin of, 288
Elis, coins of, 292, 328
Ephesus, coin of, 110, 330
Erythrae, coin of, 1 12
Euboea, coins of, 289, 327
EVANS, ARTHUR J., Hohn's " Ges-
chichte des sicilischen Miinz-
wesens," notice of, 321
EVANS, SIB JOHN, K.C.B. :
A hoard of Roman coins, 126
Barnstaple as a minting place,
Rawlings' " Story of the British
coinage," notice of, 279
F.
Fath <Ali Shah, coins of, 93
Faustina I, coins of, 139, 170
,, II, coins of, 143, 170
Finds of Coins, Balcombe, 8
» ,, Eastern Counties,
126
,, „ Coins of Mende,
251
„ „ Pudukota, 304
Firuz Shah, Bahmani, coins of, 266
G.
Galba, coin of, 129, 168
Gela, coin of, 98
Germanicus, coins of, 309
Geta, coins of, 157, 162, 177
Ghias ad Din Bin Muhammed
Shah, coin of, 266
Gordium, coin of, 330
Greek coins acquired by the British
Museum, 97
,, ,, unpublished, 193
„ „ in the Earle-Fox col-
lection, 286
GRTJEBER, H. A.,F.S.A., and LAW-
RENCE, L. A. : —
The Balcombe Find, 8
H.
Hadrian, coins of, 133, 169, 290
Hadriani, coin of, 329
Haliartus, coin of, 288
Handel's statue at Vauxhall, 79
Hatfieid, Bishop, his coins, 71
Heraclea (Bithynia), coin of, 105
Herennius Etruscus, coin of, 117
Hierapolis (Phrygia), coin of, 116,
ooO
HILL, G. F. :—
Posidium in Syria, 246
Babelon's Origines de la Mon-
naie, notice of, 278
Roman aurei from Pudukota
304
Biographical Notes on Greek
Numismatics, 320
Himera, coins of, 185
Hogarth's ticket for Vauxhall, 35
Hohn's "Geschichte des sicilischen
Miinzwesens," noticed, 321
HouxuM-ScHiNDLER, GEN. A., Cu-
riosities in the Imperial Persian
Treasury, 93
Hydisus, coin of, 114
I.
IATON on coins of Himera, 185
India, Roman coins found in, 304
Indian coins, 332
locastos, on coins of Rhegium, 281
Ionia, coins of, 329
J.
John, Count of Hainault, coin of
10, 37, 72
John the Blind of Luxembourg,
coin of, 10, 37, 72
336
INDEX.
Julia Domna, coins of, 102, 156, 173
Julia Maesa, coins of, 167, 189
Julia Mamaea, coins of, 168
Julia Soaemias, coins of, 167, 189
Juliopolis, coin of, 105
K.
Kalim Ullah Shah Bin Ahmad
Shah, coins of, 272
L.
Laconia, coin of, 328
Lampsacus, coin of, 329
Laodicea in Canaan, 331
LAWRENCE, L. A., and GRUEBER,
H. A.:—
The Balcornbe Find, 8
Lincoln, coin struck at, 23
London, coins struck at, 14, 19, 22,
24, 25, 34, 35, 36,46, 52
Lucilla, coins of, 144
Lucius Verus, coins of, 144, 170
Luxembourg, coin of, 10, 72
Lycia, coin of, 121, 331
M.
MACDONALD, GEORGE : —
The Legend I ATON on Coins of
Himera, 185
Macedonia, coins of, 255, 327
Macrinus, coins of, 163, 177
Magnesia, coins of, 287, 330
Mahmud Shah, coins of, 270
Marcus Aurelius, coins of, 140
Manbeuge, coin of, 10, 72
Mende, coins of, 251, 256
Metrology, works on, 332
Midaeum, coins of, 331
Miletus, coins of, 330
Mint, picture of a Roman, 294
Mithras, worship of, 178
Muhammad Shah of Persia, coins
of, 94
Muhammad Shah Bahman Ghazi,
coins of, 263
Muhammad Shah bin Mahmud,
coins of, 265
Mujahid Shah, coins of, 264
Muses on Vauxhall tickets, 87
Music (?) on Vauxhall tickets, 89
Musical instruments on Vauxhall
tickets, 89
Myrina, coin of, 110
Mytilene, coin of, 329
N.
Nabis, tetradrachm of, 1
NAPIER, PEOF., A. S. : —
Barn staple as a Min ting-place,
274
Nasir ud Din Ismail, coins of, 262
Nasir al din Shah, coins of, 95
Nero, coins of, 112, 129, 315
Nerva, coins of, 1 30
Newcastle, coin struck at, 23
Nicaea, coin of, 106
Nicomedes II, coin of, 106
Nizam Shah, coin of, 269
Numismatic publications, notices
of, 278, 333
O.
Olbia, coins of, 217
Orpheus on Vauxhall tickets, 84
P.
Pamphylia, coins of, 217
Parthian coins, 332
PERDRIZET, PAUL : —
Sur un Tetradrachme de Na-
bis, 1
Pergamum, coin of, 108
Persian Treasury, curiosities in, 93
Pertinax, coin of, 150
Pheneus, coin of, 328
Philip V of Macedon, coin of, 100
Phocaea, coin of, 330
Phoenicia (?), coin of, 122
Pinara (?), coin of, 212
Plated silver coins, 319
Plautilla, coin of, 162, 177
Posidium in Coele-Syria, 124, 246
Potidea, coins of, 254
Prusa ad Olympum, coin of, 106
Pygela altered to Phygela, 330
R
Rawlings, G. B., " Story of the
British Coinage," noticed, 279
Reading, coins struck at, 63
Rhegium, coins of, 281
Rhodes, coin of, 114
Rhoemetalces, coin of, 103
Richard II, coins of, 10, 55
Robert II, coins of, 10, 37, 72
Roman coins from Pudukota, 304
Roman coins, hoard of, 126
S.
Sabina, coin of, 136, 169
Sacaba, coin of, 206
INDEX.
337
Salonina, coin of , 117, 119
SCHINDLER, GEN. A. HoUTITM- : —
Curiosities in the Imperial Per-
sian Treasury, 93
Scione in Pallene, coins of, 193,
255
Scottish coins, 36, 72
Seasons, The, on Vauxhall tickets,
81
Sebastopolis, Heracleopolis,coin of,
102
Seleucia, coin of, 118
Seleucia ad Calycadnum, coin of,
331
Seleucus I, coin of, 225, 331
Seleueus, King of Babylon, 226,
242
Selge, coin of, 118
SELTMAN, E. J. :—
The Picture of a Royal Mint in
the House of the Vettii, 294
Semtia, coins of, 203, 245
Severus, coins of, 105, 118, 150,
172, 291, 292
Shams ad Din Daud, coins of, 266,
270
Sicilian coins, 321, 326
Side, coin of, 117
Six, J. P. :-
Monnaies Grecques, 193
Rhegium — locastos, 281
20TER = 22THP, on Coins of Him-
era, 188
Svoronos, J. N., 'loropia TMV vofiiff
liaTMv, noticed, 280
Syedra, coin of, 119
T.
Teimiusa, coins of, 201
Telmessos, coins of, 201, 212
Tenea, coin of, 102
Tenedos, coin of, 329
Thessaly, coins of, 286
Thrace, coins of, 327
Tiberiopolis, coins of, 331
Tiberius, coins of, 307
Timotheos of Cyzicus, coin of. 197
Titus, coins of, 130
Tlos, coin of, 214
Trajan, coins of, 131, 169
Trapezopolis, coin of, 330
U.
Uncertain Greek coins, 120, 121,
122, 287
V.
Vauxhall Gardens, tickets of, 73
Ventidius Fronto, Duumvir at
Corinth, 291
Vespasian, coins of, 129, 317
Vettii, picture in the house of the,
294
Vitellius, coins of, 129
W.
Wall Ullah Shah, coins of, 271
WEBEE, HEKMANN, M. D. : —
Coins of Mende, 251
WROTH, WARWICK, F.S.A. :—
Tickets of Vauxhall Gardens, 73
Greek Coins acquired by British
Museum, 1897, 97
X.
Xanthos, coins of, 199, 203
Y.
York, coins struck at, 18, 21, 23,
31, 35, 45, 49, 52
Z.
Zela, coin of, 328
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